摘要 现有直接定位（Direct Position Determination，DPD）算法主要研究对象是视距目标.针对传统无线电定位技术对超视距目标定位精度低的问题，提出一种辐射源信号波形已知的超视距直接定位（Over-the-Horizon Direct Position Determination，ODPD）方法.该方法基于电离层电子密度参数，依据最大似然（Maximum Likelihood，ML）准则，从信号数据域直接推导出仅关于目标位置的代价函数.其次，本文推导了关于电离层虚高测量误差的定位误差协方差矩阵.实验表明ODPD方法在低信噪比下相比现有算法，能显著提高超视距目标的定位精度，定位性能更接近克拉美罗界（Cramér-Rao Low Bound，CRLB）.误差分析显示，电离层虚高误差标准差在20km时，引起的定位误差能控制在10km的范围内.
Abstract：Direct Position Determination (DPD) algorithms usually focus on line-of-sight target.Aiming at the problems that traditional radio positioning technology is suboptimal,especially in the over-the-horizon target localization,this paper proposes an Over-the-horizon Direct Positioning Determination (ODPD) method with known radiation source waveforms.Based on the ionospheric electron density parameter,the cost function just about the target position is directly derived from the signal data domain through the Maximum Likelihood (ML) criterion.Furthermore,this paper deduces the positioning error covariance matrix considering the measurement error of the ionospheric virtual height.Experiments show that compared with the existing algorithms,the ODPD method can significantly improve the positioning accuracy of the over-the-horizon target at low SNR.The ODPD positioning performance is closer to the Cramér-Rao low bound (CRLB).When the standard deviation of the ionospheric virtual high error is 20km,the positioning error caused can be controlled within the range of 10km.
余婉婷, 于宏毅, 杜剑平, 王鼎. 辐射源信号波形已知的超视距目标直接定位方法[J]. 电子学报, 2019, 47(11): 2368-2377.
YU Wan-ting, YU Hong-yi, DU Jian-ping, WANG Ding. A Direct Position Determination Method for Over-the-Horizon Target on Known Radiation Source Waveforms. Acta Electronica Sinica, 2019, 47(11): 2368-2377.
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2019, Vol. 47 
