Design and Calibration Method of Broadband Current Probe for Sub-Nanosecond Transient Pulse Measurement

LUO Guangxiao; ZHAO Yang; CHEN Wenying; HUANG Baocheng; ZHANG Weidong

doi:10.12263/DZXB.20250534

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Design and Calibration Method of Broadband Current Probe for Sub-Nanosecond Transient Pulse Measurement

PAPERS | 更新时间：2026-10-16

- Design and Calibration Method of Broadband Current Probe for Sub-Nanosecond Transient Pulse Measurement
- ACTA ELECTRONICA SINICA Vol. 54, Issue 6, Pages: 2865-2878(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.华北电力大学，河北保定 071000
  2.北京智芯微电子科技有限公司，北京 100089
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  Laboratory Specialized Scientific Research Projects of Beijing Smart-chip Microelectronics Technology Co., Ltd(SGSC0000YFQT2402710)
- DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20250534
  CLC： TN97;
- Received：22 June 2025，
  
  Accepted：21 May 2026，
  
  Published：25 June 2026
- 稿件说明：
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罗广孝, 赵扬, 陈文颖, 等. 用于亚纳秒级瞬态脉冲测量的宽频电流探头的设计和校准方法[J]. 电子学报, 2026, 54(06): 2865-2878.

LUO Guangxiao, ZHAO Yang, CHEN Wenying, et al. Design and Calibration Method of Broadband Current Probe for Sub-Nanosecond Transient Pulse Measurement[J]. Acta Electronica Sinica, 2026, 54(06): 2865-2878.
罗广孝, 赵扬, 陈文颖, 等. 用于亚纳秒级瞬态脉冲测量的宽频电流探头的设计和校准方法[J]. 电子学报, 2026, 54(06): 2865-2878. DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20250534

LUO Guangxiao, ZHAO Yang, CHEN Wenying, et al. Design and Calibration Method of Broadband Current Probe for Sub-Nanosecond Transient Pulse Measurement[J]. Acta Electronica Sinica, 2026, 54(06): 2865-2878. DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20250534

摘要

本研究设计了一种用于瞬态脉冲测量的宽频带电流探头及其转移阻抗的测量校准方法。首先，通过理论计算，得到了在特定尺寸及转移阻抗目标下的磁芯磁导率要求，选取新型纳米晶磁芯结合低寄生电感的圆环盘式电阻负载对传感器进行了实现。改进了现有电流传感器转移阻抗特性的测量装置，并采用矢量网络分析仪实现了对设计的电流传感器转移阻抗特性的测量验证，测试结果表明其转移阻抗在20 kHz ~ 1 GHz测量范围内均能保持很好的平坦特性。在时域验证中采用上升沿为700 ps的IEC 61000-4-2标准发生器直接放电产生的瞬态电流波形，不同测试电压等级下，电流传感器测试电流波形和标准电流靶输出结果均吻合较好。最后，将设计的电流传感器成功应用于某手机终端系统在静电枪激励下的注入电流测量，以及电力系统变电站电子式电容电压互感器（Electronic Capacitor Voltage Transformer，ECVT）电子装置在电快速瞬变（Electrical Fast Transient，EFT）脉冲传导骚扰下的端口骚扰电流测量，并且实现了传输线脉冲（Transmission Line Pulse，TLP）测试中的注入电流测量，为进一步系统级分析提供了可靠的数据参考。

Abstract

This study designed a broadband current probe for transient pulse measurement and developed a corresponding methodology for measuring and calibrating its transfer impedance. Initially

theoretical calculations determined the required magnetic core permeability for achieving specific dimensional targets and desired transfer impedance. The sensor was realized using a novel nanocrystalline magnetic core combined with a toroidal disk resistor load exhibiting low parasitic inductance. Furthermore

the existing measurement setup for characterizing current sensor transfer impedance was improved. The transfer impedance characteristics of the designed sensor were then measured and validated using a vector network analyzer (VNA). Test results demonstrated that the transfer impedance maintained excellent flatness across the measurement frequency range of 20 kHz to 1 GHz. For time-domain validation

transient current waveforms generated by direct discharge from an IEC 61000-4-2 standard generator with a 700 ps rise time were employed. The current waveforms measured by the sensor showed close agreement with the outputs from a standard current target across different test voltage levels. Finally

the designed current sensor was successfully applied to measure injected currents in a mobile terminal system subjected to electrostatic discharge (ESD) gun excitation

and to measure port disturbance currents on an electronic capacitor voltage transformer (ECVT) electronic device within a power system substation under electrical fast transient (EFT)/Burst conducted disturbances. It also realized the injected-current monitoring of transmission line pulse (TLP) test. These applications provided valuable data foundations for further system-level analysis.

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references

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