Data Placement Technology in Novel Solid-State Drives: A Survey

WU Qiulin; YUAN Yuan; XIE Xuchao; TAN Yujuan; SONG Zhenlong; ZHANG Gen; LU Kai

doi:10.12263/DZXB.20251243

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Data Placement Technology in Novel Solid-State Drives: A Survey

更新时间：2026-06-16

- Data Placement Technology in Novel Solid-State Drives: A Survey
- ACTA ELECTRONICA SINICA Pages: 1-15(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  国防科技大学计算机学院，湖南长沙 410073
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  National Natural Science Foundation of China(62402504)
- DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20251243
  CLC： TP333;
- Received：13 February 2026，
  
  Accepted：06 March 2026，
  
  Online First：16 June 2026，
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
WU Qiulin, YUAN Yuan, XIE Xuchao, et al. Data Placement Technology in Novel Solid-State Drives: A Survey[J/OL]. ACTA ELECTRONICA SINICA, 2026, 1-15.
DOI：

WU Qiulin, YUAN Yuan, XIE Xuchao, et al. Data Placement Technology in Novel Solid-State Drives: A Survey[J/OL]. ACTA ELECTRONICA SINICA, 2026, 1-15. DOI： 10.12263/DZXB.20251243.

摘要

相比于传统的机械硬盘，基于闪存的固态盘（Solid-state Drives，SSD）具有高性能、低功耗、小体积以及抗震动等诸多良好特性，已经被广泛应用于嵌入式设备、个人电脑、数据中心服务器、超级计算机等多种存储系统中。固态盘内部实现了一个称为闪存转换层（Flash Translation Layer，FTL）的软件层次，屏蔽底层闪存特性并实现管理功能，使固态盘可以作为传统块接口设备使用。固态盘数据放置技术是指根据不同的存储需求，确定不同类型的写入数据在固态盘中存储位置的策略或机制，对于优化固态盘的性能、寿命和服务质量至关重要。传统固态盘在FTL中实现“冷热”数据分离算法，根据写请求的起始地址、长度、时间等信息判断数据类型从而确定数据存储位置，但是由于固态盘内写请求可用信息有限导致数据分类准确度较低。近年来，各类新型固态盘不断涌现，如多流固态盘、开放通道固态盘、分区命名空间固态盘以及灵活数据放置固态盘，它们普遍采用软硬件协同设计思想，拓宽主机与固态盘的数据语义通路，为固态盘数据放置技术提供新的设计思路。本文梳理了上述新型固态盘的数据放置技术的发展历程，详细介绍了每类技术的研究现状，重点分析它们的设计思想、实现方法、优缺点以及部署应用状态等。同时，还探讨了固态盘数据放置技术面临的挑战与未来的研究方向。

Abstract

Compared to traditional hard disk drives

flash memory-based solid-state drives (SSDs) have many attractive characteristics

such as high performance

low power consumption

small size

and shock resistance

and have been widely adopted in various storage systems including embedded devices

personal computers

data center servers and supercomputers. SSDs implement a software layer called the flash translation layer (FTL)

which abstracts the underlying flash memory characteristics and provides management functions

enabling SSDs to act as traditional block interface devices. Data placement technology refers to the strategies or mechanisms for determining the storage locations of different types of data within the SSD based on varying storage requirements. It is crucial for optimizing SSD performance

lifespan

and quality of service. Traditional SSDs typically implement hot-cold data separation algorithms within the FTL

identifying data types based on information such as start address

length

and time of write requests to determine storage locations. However

limited available information within SSDs leads to low data classification accuracy. In recent years

various novel SSDs have emerged

such as multi-streamed SSDs

open-channel SSDs

zoned namespace SSDs

and flexible data placement SSDs. They adopt a hardware-software co-design approach

broadening the data semantic path between the host and the SSD

and providing new design ideas for SSD data placement technology. This article reviews the evolution of data placement technology in these novel SSDs

provides a detailed introduction to the research status of each technique

and focuses on analyzing their design principles

implementation methods

advantages and disadvantages

as well as deployment status. Additionally

we discuss the challenges and future research directions of data placement technology.

关键词

Keywords

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