Dynamic Modeling and Experimental Verification of Partially Polarized Radar Returns from Maritime and Aerial Targets

LI Pangzhe; HU Dexiu; CUI Yuhan; ZHAO Chuang; YANG Yang

doi:10.12263/DZXB.20260252

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Dynamic Modeling and Experimental Verification of Partially Polarized Radar Returns from Maritime and Aerial Targets

PAPERS | 更新时间：2026-10-16

- Dynamic Modeling and Experimental Verification of Partially Polarized Radar Returns from Maritime and Aerial Targets
- ACTA ELECTRONICA SINICA Vol. 54, Issue 6, Pages: 2790-2804(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  中国人民解放军信息工程大学数据与目标工程学院，河南郑州 450001
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  Natural Science Foun-dation Youth Fund of Henan Province under Grant(252300420991)
- DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20260252
  CLC： TN957.51;
- Received：27 March 2026，
  
  Accepted：24 April 2026，
  
  Published：25 June 2026
- 稿件说明：
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黎庞哲, 胡德秀, 崔毓函, 等. 海空目标部分极化雷达回波动态建模与实验验证[J]. 电子学报, 2026, 54(06): 2790-2804.

LI Pangzhe, HU Dexiu, CUI Yuhan, et al. Dynamic Modeling and Experimental Verification of Partially Polarized Radar Returns from Maritime and Aerial Targets[J]. Acta Electronica Sinica, 2026, 54(06): 2790-2804.
黎庞哲, 胡德秀, 崔毓函, 等. 海空目标部分极化雷达回波动态建模与实验验证[J]. 电子学报, 2026, 54(06): 2790-2804. DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20260252

LI Pangzhe, HU Dexiu, CUI Yuhan, et al. Dynamic Modeling and Experimental Verification of Partially Polarized Radar Returns from Maritime and Aerial Targets[J]. Acta Electronica Sinica, 2026, 54(06): 2790-2804. DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20260252

摘要

极化信息是雷达目标识别与特征提取的重要参数。现有对极化信号的研究多聚焦于全极化信号，然而当雷达照射海面舰船或空中机动目标时，目标姿态的连续变化、多散射中心干涉以及时变环境杂波等因素耦合作用，使得回波往往呈现部分极化特性，其极化状态并非恒定，而是随时间不断演化，蕴含丰富的目标物理信息。当前对实际雷达回波中广泛存在的部分极化信号的分析仅限于静态统计描述，缺乏对其时变极化状态动态演化机理的建模与分析。针对上述问题，本文建立了一种适用于海空动态目标的统一动态极化状态模型。该模型将接收信号分解为全极化分量与动态非极化分量，并引入基于随机微分方程的目标姿态动态模型、极化参数‑姿态角非线性耦合模型以及双尺度非极化功率模型，构建了统一表征海面目标低频周期运动与空中目标高频机动特性的动态极化状态框架。基于此框架，理论推导了时变极化度与斯托克斯参数的统计特性及谱结构，进而揭示目标微动与散射起伏是驱动其极化状态演化的关键物理机理。实测数据的验证结果表明，所提模型能够有效模拟海空目标部分极化信号的动态极化行为，其极化度起伏与谱特征和实测数据基本一致，验证了模型在揭示目标微动与散射机制方面的有效性。本文所建立的模型为动态部分极化信号的特征提取与目标识别提供了一个机理清晰、可解释性强的统一建模框架，有助于从回波信号中定量反演目标的物理状态。

Abstract

Polarization information is a crucial parameter in radar target recognition and feature extraction. Existing researche on polarized signals mainly focuses on fully polarized signals. Nevertheless

when radar irradiates sea surface ships or aerial maneuvering targets

the coupled effects of continuous target attitude variation

multi-scattering center interference and time-varying environmental clutter endow radar echoes with inherent partially polarized characteristics. The polarization state of such echoes is time-varying rather than constant

and contains abundant physical information of targets. At present

the analysis of widely existing partially polarized signals in actual radar echoes is limited to static statistical description

while the modeling and analysis of dynamic evolution mechanism of time-varying polarization state are insufficient. To address this insufficiency in dynamic characterization

this paper aims to establish a unified dynamic polarization state model applicable to maritime and aerial dynamic targets. The model decomposes the received signal into a fully polarized component and a dynamically fluctuating unpolarized component. By introducing a target attitude dynamic model based on stochastic differential equations

a nonlinear coupling model between polarization parameters and attitude angles

and a dual-scale unpolarized power model

a unified dynamic polarization state framework is constructed. This framework simultaneously accommodates the low-frequency periodic motion of maritime targets and the high-frequency maneuvering characteristics of aerial targets. Based on this framework

the statistical properties and spectral structure of the time-varying degree of polarization and Stokes parameters are theoretically derived

revealing that target micromotion and scattering fluctuations are key physical mechanisms driving the evolution of the polarization state. Validation results against measured data demonstrate that the proposed model effectively simulates the dynamic polarization behavior of partially polarized signals from maritime and aerial targets. The fluctuations in the degree of polarization and spectral features of the simulated signals show good consistency with the measured data

verifying the model’s effectiveness in revealing target micromotion and scattering mechanisms. The model established in this work provides a unified modeling framework with clear mechanisms and strong interpretability for feature extraction and target recognition using dynamic partially polarized signals

facilitating the quantitative inversion of target physical states from radar returns.

关键词

Keywords

references

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