1D和2D被动传感器测向交叉定位最优交会问题研究

崔剑锋; 梁红

doi:10.12263/DZXB.20240292

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1D和2D被动传感器测向交叉定位最优交会问题研究

学术论文 | 更新时间：2025-12-08

- 1D和2D被动传感器测向交叉定位最优交会问题研究
  增强出版
- Study on Optimal Rendezvous Problem in 1D and 2D Passive Sensor Triangulation
- 电子学报 2025年53卷第1期页码：63-71
- 作者机构：
  
  1.西北工业大学航海学院，陕西西安 710072
  2.中国船舶集团汾西重工有限责任公司，山西太原 030000
- 作者简介：
  
  崔剑锋男，1986年4月生，山西代县人.现为中国船舶集团汾西重工有限责任公司高级工程师，西北工业大学航海学院博士研究生.主要研究方向为定位导航、目标探测.
  梁红，女，1969 年 12 月生，江苏南通人. 现为西北工业大学航海学院教授、博士生导师. 主要研究方向为目标探测与识别、声成像及图像处理、智能感知与深度学习.E-mail: lianghong@nwpu.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20240292
  中图分类号： TN971;
- 收稿：2024-04-02，
  
  修回：2024-06-30，
  
  纸质出版：2025-01-25
- 稿件说明：
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崔剑锋, 梁红. 1D和2D被动传感器测向交叉定位最优交会问题研究[J]. 电子学报, 2025, 53(01): 63-71.

CUI Jian-feng, LIANG Hong. Study on Optimal Rendezvous Problem in 1D and 2D Passive Sensor Triangulation[J]. Acta Electronica Sinica, 2025, 53(01): 63-71.
崔剑锋, 梁红. 1D和2D被动传感器测向交叉定位最优交会问题研究[J]. 电子学报, 2025, 53(01): 63-71. DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20240292

CUI Jian-feng, LIANG Hong. Study on Optimal Rendezvous Problem in 1D and 2D Passive Sensor Triangulation[J]. Acta Electronica Sinica, 2025, 53(01): 63-71. DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20240292

摘要

我们研究了1D和2D被动传感器构成的测向交叉定位系统的最优交会问题.通过定位精度的闭式解、极值分析及几何交会分析的方法，明确了全局最优交会点，探明了最优交会位置的空间分布特性及其影响因素和影响规律.研究表明：全局最优交会点位于基线（或2D传感器）所在的水平面；最优交会位置由几何交会特性与测量误差的距离扩散效应共同决定，分布在以基线中点为圆心、基线长度为直径的水平面上的圆弧附近，并朝着基线方向塌陷；传感器位置变化不影响最优交会位置对基线的相对位置，当基线和测角误差的方差比确定时，最优交会位置即确定.根据算例分析还可得出猜想：最优交会区向测角误差项更多、误差值更大的传感器收敛.在工程实际中，最优交会区比最优交会点更具有应用价值，通过最优交会位置与目标探测结果或预估位置的匹配，可有效提高系统定位性能.

Abstract

We investigated the optimal intersection problem of a direction-finding cross-location system composed of 1D and 2D passive sensors. Utilizing closed-form solutions for localization accuracy

extremum analysis

and geometric intersection analysis

we identified the global optimal intersection point and explored the spatial distribution characteristics of optimal intersection positions

as well as their influencing factors and underlying principles. The study reveals that the global optimal intersection point lies in the horizontal plane of the baseline (or 2D sensor). The optimal intersection locations are jointly determined by the geometric intersection characteristics and the distance diffusion effect of measurement errors

distributed around an arc on the horizontal plane with the midpoint of the baseline as the center and the baseline length as the diameter

collapsing towards the baseline. Variations in sensor positions do not affect the relative position of the optimal intersection location to the baseline; once the variance ratio of the baseline and angular measurement errors is established

the optimal intersection location is determined. Furthermore

case analysis suggests that the optimal intersection area converges towards sensor with larger angular measurement errors. In practical engineering applications

the optimal intersection area holds greater utility than the optimal intersection point; matching the optimal intersection locations with target detection results or estimated positions can effectively enhance the system’s positioning performance.

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