基于轻量自蒸馏的低成本联邦学习

刘松; 罗杨宇; 许佳培; 张建忠

doi:10.12263/DZXB.20240325

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基于轻量自蒸馏的低成本联邦学习

学术论文 | 更新时间：2025-12-08

- 基于轻量自蒸馏的低成本联邦学习
- Low-Cost Federated Learning Based on Lightweight Self-Distillation
- 电子学报 2025年53卷第1期页码：259-269
- 作者机构：
  
  1.南开大学计算机学院，天津 300350
  2.南开大学网络空间安全学院，天津 300350
  3.数据与智能系统安全教育部重点实验室，天津 300350
- 作者简介：
  
  刘松男，1998年10月出生于河北省邢台市.现为南开大学计算机学院博士研究生.主要研究方向为边缘计算、联邦学习与5G网络架构.E-mail: liusong0918@mail.nankai.edu.cn
  罗杨宇男，2001年3月出生于福建省漳州市.现为南开大学网络空间安全学院硕士研究生.主要研究方向为边缘计算、5G网络架构与算力网络.E-mail: lyy@mail.nankai.edu.cn
  许佳培男，2001年5月生于河北承德市.现为南开大学计算机学院硕士研究生.主要研究方向为视频传输与边缘计算.E-email: 2120230702@nankai.edu.cn
  张建忠男，1964年6月出生于河北省石家庄市.现为南开大学网络空间安全学院教授、博士生导师.主要研究方向为计算机网络与网络安全.E-mail: zhangjz@nankai.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  天津市科技重大专项与工程(18ZXZNGX00200)
- DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20240325
  中图分类号： TP391;
- 收稿：2024-04-09，
  
  修回：2024-11-10，
  
  纸质出版：2025-01-25
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
刘松, 罗杨宇, 许佳培, 等. 基于轻量自蒸馏的低成本联邦学习[J]. 电子学报, 2025, 53(01): 259-269.

LIU Song, LUO Yang-yu, XU Jia-pei, et al. Low-Cost Federated Learning Based on Lightweight Self-Distillation[J]. Acta Electronica Sinica, 2025, 53(01): 259-269.
刘松, 罗杨宇, 许佳培, 等. 基于轻量自蒸馏的低成本联邦学习[J]. 电子学报, 2025, 53(01): 259-269. DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20240325

LIU Song, LUO Yang-yu, XU Jia-pei, et al. Low-Cost Federated Learning Based on Lightweight Self-Distillation[J]. Acta Electronica Sinica, 2025, 53(01): 259-269. DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20240325

摘要

随着边缘计算的发展，深度学习模型的训练越发依赖于大量边缘设备生成的隐私数据.在此背景下，联邦学习因其突出的隐私保护能力而受到学术界和工业界的广泛瞩目.在实践中，联邦学习面临着因数据异质性和计算资源受限导致的训练效率低下和模型质量不理想的问题.本文受知识蒸馏理念的启发，提出一种采用轻量自蒸馏技术的高效联邦学习算法（efficient Federated learning with lightweight Self Knowledge Distillation，FedSKD），该算法首先利用自蒸馏技术挖掘训练过程中的内在知识，以减轻本地模型的过拟合问题并增强其泛化能力，并通过服务端参数聚合将本地模型的泛化能力转移到全局模型，从而提高全局模型质量和收敛速度.其次，通过动态同步机制，进一步提高全局模型的准确率和训练效率.实验结果表明，FedSKD算法在非独立同分布数据划分策略下，在降低训练代价的同时，提高了模型准确率和训练效率.在CIFAR10/100数据集上，与最新的基线算法FedMLD算法相比，FedSKD算法在准确率上取得了平均2%的提升，并降低了平均56%的训练代价.

Abstract

With the development of edge computing

the training of deep learning models increasingly relies on the privacy data generated by a large number of edge devices. In this context

federated learning has drawn extensive attention from both academia and industry due to its prominent privacy protection capabilities. However

in practice

federated learning faces challenges such as inefficient training and suboptimal model quality due to data heterogeneity and limited computational resources. Inspired by the concept of knowledge distillation

this paper proposes an efficient federated learning algorithm

named efficient federated learning with lightweight self knowledge distillation (FedSKD). This algorithm utilizes lightweight self-distillation techniques to extract intrinsic knowledge during the training process

alleviating local model overfitting and enhancing its generalization capability. Furthermore

it aggregates the generalization capability of local models to a global model through server parameter aggregation

thereby improving the quality and convergence speed of the global model. Additionally

by employing a dynamic synchronization mechanism

it further enhances the accuracy and training efficiency of the global model. Experimental results demonstrate that FedSKD algorithm

under non-identically distributed data partition strategies

enhances model accuracy and training efficiency while reducing computational costs. On the CIFAR10/100

compared to the latest baseline FedMLD

the FedSKD achieved an average 2% improvement in accuracy and reduced the training cost by an average of 56%.

关键词

Keywords

references

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