海空目标部分极化雷达回波动态建模与实验验证

黎庞哲; 胡德秀; 崔毓函; 赵闯; 杨阳

doi:10.12263/DZXB.20260252

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

海空目标部分极化雷达回波动态建模与实验验证

学术论文 | 更新时间：2026-10-16

- 海空目标部分极化雷达回波动态建模与实验验证
- Dynamic Modeling and Experimental Verification of Partially Polarized Radar Returns from Maritime and Aerial Targets
- 电子学报 2026年54卷第6期页码：2790-2804
- 作者机构：
  
  中国人民解放军信息工程大学数据与目标工程学院，河南郑州 450001
- 作者简介：
  
  黎庞哲男，2001年9月出生于重庆市。现为中国人民解放军网络空间部队信息工程大学数据与目标工程学院硕士研究生。主要研究方向为空间目标信号获取与处理。E-mail: J_kui@outlook.com
  胡德秀男，2017年博士毕业于清华大学电子工程系。现为中国人民解放军网络空间部队信息工程大学数据与目标工程学院副教授。主要研究方向为无源定位与电子对抗。E-mail: paper_hdx@126.com
  崔毓函女，1996年10月出生于上海市。现为中国人民解放军网络空间部队信息工程大学数据与目标工程学院讲师。主要研究方向为无人机网络资源调度及其应用。E-mail: 497781293@qq.com
  赵闯男，1978年出生于河北省。现为中国人民解放军网络空间部队信息工程大学数据与目标工程学院副教授。主要研究方向为电子对抗、雷达信号处理。E-mail: rushzhao@163.com
  杨阳男，1990年3月出生于河南省。博士毕业于西安电子科技大学信号与信息处理专业。现为河南省安全苛求系统人机智能交互工程技术研究中心讲师。主要研究方向为深度学习、人工智能、信号处理。
- 基金信息：
  
  河南省自然科学基金会青年基金(252300420991)
- DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20260252
  中图分类号： TN957.51;
- 收稿：2026-03-27，
  
  录用：2026-04-24，
  
  纸质出版：2026-06-25
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
黎庞哲, 胡德秀, 崔毓函, 等. 海空目标部分极化雷达回波动态建模与实验验证[J]. 电子学报, 2026, 54(06): 2790-2804.

LI Pangzhe, HU Dexiu, CUI Yuhan, et al. Dynamic Modeling and Experimental Verification of Partially Polarized Radar Returns from Maritime and Aerial Targets[J]. Acta Electronica Sinica, 2026, 54(06): 2790-2804.
黎庞哲, 胡德秀, 崔毓函, 等. 海空目标部分极化雷达回波动态建模与实验验证[J]. 电子学报, 2026, 54(06): 2790-2804. DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20260252

LI Pangzhe, HU Dexiu, CUI Yuhan, et al. Dynamic Modeling and Experimental Verification of Partially Polarized Radar Returns from Maritime and Aerial Targets[J]. Acta Electronica Sinica, 2026, 54(06): 2790-2804. DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20260252

摘要

极化信息是雷达目标识别与特征提取的重要参数。现有对极化信号的研究多聚焦于全极化信号，然而当雷达照射海面舰船或空中机动目标时，目标姿态的连续变化、多散射中心干涉以及时变环境杂波等因素耦合作用，使得回波往往呈现部分极化特性，其极化状态并非恒定，而是随时间不断演化，蕴含丰富的目标物理信息。当前对实际雷达回波中广泛存在的部分极化信号的分析仅限于静态统计描述，缺乏对其时变极化状态动态演化机理的建模与分析。针对上述问题，本文建立了一种适用于海空动态目标的统一动态极化状态模型。该模型将接收信号分解为全极化分量与动态非极化分量，并引入基于随机微分方程的目标姿态动态模型、极化参数‑姿态角非线性耦合模型以及双尺度非极化功率模型，构建了统一表征海面目标低频周期运动与空中目标高频机动特性的动态极化状态框架。基于此框架，理论推导了时变极化度与斯托克斯参数的统计特性及谱结构，进而揭示目标微动与散射起伏是驱动其极化状态演化的关键物理机理。实测数据的验证结果表明，所提模型能够有效模拟海空目标部分极化信号的动态极化行为，其极化度起伏与谱特征和实测数据基本一致，验证了模型在揭示目标微动与散射机制方面的有效性。本文所建立的模型为动态部分极化信号的特征提取与目标识别提供了一个机理清晰、可解释性强的统一建模框架，有助于从回波信号中定量反演目标的物理状态。

Abstract

Polarization information is a crucial parameter in radar target recognition and feature extraction. Existing researche on polarized signals mainly focuses on fully polarized signals. Nevertheless

when radar irradiates sea surface ships or aerial maneuvering targets

the coupled effects of continuous target attitude variation

multi-scattering center interference and time-varying environmental clutter endow radar echoes with inherent partially polarized characteristics. The polarization state of such echoes is time-varying rather than constant

and contains abundant physical information of targets. At present

the analysis of widely existing partially polarized signals in actual radar echoes is limited to static statistical description

while the modeling and analysis of dynamic evolution mechanism of time-varying polarization state are insufficient. To address this insufficiency in dynamic characterization

this paper aims to establish a unified dynamic polarization state model applicable to maritime and aerial dynamic targets. The model decomposes the received signal into a fully polarized component and a dynamically fluctuating unpolarized component. By introducing a target attitude dynamic model based on stochastic differential equations

a nonlinear coupling model between polarization parameters and attitude angles

and a dual-scale unpolarized power model

a unified dynamic polarization state framework is constructed. This framework simultaneously accommodates the low-frequency periodic motion of maritime targets and the high-frequency maneuvering characteristics of aerial targets. Based on this framework

the statistical properties and spectral structure of the time-varying degree of polarization and Stokes parameters are theoretically derived

revealing that target micromotion and scattering fluctuations are key physical mechanisms driving the evolution of the polarization state. Validation results against measured data demonstrate that the proposed model effectively simulates the dynamic polarization behavior of partially polarized signals from maritime and aerial targets. The fluctuations in the degree of polarization and spectral features of the simulated signals show good consistency with the measured data

verifying the model’s effectiveness in revealing target micromotion and scattering mechanisms. The model established in this work provides a unified modeling framework with clear mechanisms and strong interpretability for feature extraction and target recognition using dynamic partially polarized signals

facilitating the quantitative inversion of target physical states from radar returns.

关键词

Keywords

references

Zhang Tao , Wang Haoran , Peng Chongmei , et al . Multifunctional polarization converters based on linear-to-circular polarization decomposition reflective surfaces [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation , 2024 , 72 ( 11 ): 8476 - 8487 . DOI: 10.1109/tap.2024.3463972 http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tap.2024.3463972

Zhao Xingqiang , Lian Ruina , Wu Di , et al . A high-gain Fabry-Perot resonator antenna with dual-sense circular polarization diversity [J ] . IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters , 2024 , 23 ( 12 ): 4029 - 4033 . DOI: 10.1109/lawp.2024.3403803 http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lawp.2024.3403803

Chen Runrong , Duan Keqing , Cheng Shiyue . Effects of polarization on clutter characteristics for conformal array airborne radar [C ] // 2025 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf25) . Piscataway : IEEE , 2025 : 262 - 267 . DOI: 10.1109/radarconf2559087.2025.11205028 http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/radarconf2559087.2025.11205028

Zhou Wenzhou , Zhang Lilian , Fan Chen , et al . Iterative joint global polarization position strategy based on image feature and polarization pattern [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement , 2024 , 73 : 5009212 . DOI: 10.1109/tim.2024.3353843 http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tim.2024.3353843

Zhu Kai , Shao Yu , Luo Feihong , et al . A wideband circularly polarized millimeter-wave dielectric resonator antenna array with reconfigurable polarization state [J ] . IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters , 2026 , 25 ( 1 ): 279 - 283 . DOI: 10.1109/lawp.2025.3624575 http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lawp.2025.3624575

耿源 , 潘锦 , 王凌霄 , 等 . 一款低剖面超宽带低交叉极化紧耦合阵列 [J ] . 电子学报 , 2025 , 53 ( 12 ): 4607 - 4613 .

Geng Yuan , Pan Jin , Wang Lingxiao , et al . A low-profile, ultra-wideband, low cross-polarization tightly coupled dipole array [J ] . Acta Electronica Sinica , 2025 , 53 ( 12 ): 4607 - 4613 . (in Chinese)

袁航 , 陈付昌 , 向凯燃 . 一种用于±45°极化十字型偶极子天线阵列的解耦方法 [J ] . 电子学报 , 2025 , 53 ( 7 ): 2453 - 2460 .

Yuan Hang , Chen Fuchang , Xiang Kairan . A decoupling method for ±45°-Polarized crisscross-shaped dipole antenna array [J ] . Acta Electronica Sinica , 2025 , 53 ( 7 ): 2453 - 2460 . (in Chinese)

杨童 , 尚尚 , 刘明 , 等 . 高频地波雷达海杂波背景下目标检测研究综述 [J ] . 遥测遥控 , 2020 , 41 ( 6 ): 39 - 45 .

Yang Tong , Shang Shang , Liu Ming , et al . A review of research on target detection in the background of high frequency ground wave radar and sea clutter [J ] . Journal of Telemetry, Tracking and Command , 2020 , 41 ( 6 ): 39 - 45 . (in Chinese)

Hou Huijun , Mao Xingpeng , Liu Yongtan . Oblique projection for direction-of-arrival estimation of hybrid completely polarised and partially polarised signals with arbitrary polarimetric array configuration [J ] . IET Signal Processing , 2017 , 11 ( 8 ): 893 - 900 . DOI: 10.1049/iet-spr.2017.0096 http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-spr.2017.0096

徐振海 , 王雪松 , 肖顺平 , 等 . 极化敏感阵列信号检测: 部分极化情形 [J ] . 电子学报 , 2004 , 32 ( 6 ): 938 - 941 .

Xu Zhenhai , Wang Xuesong , Xiao Shunping , et al . Partially polarized signal detection using polarization sensitive array [J ] . Acta Electronica Sinica , 2004 , 32 ( 6 ): 938 - 941 . (in Chinese)

He Jin , Zhang Zenghui , Shu Ting , et al . Direction finding of multiple partially polarized signals with a nested cross-diople array [J ] . IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters , 2017 , 16 : 1679 - 1682 . DOI: 10.1109/lawp.2017.2665591 http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lawp.2017.2665591

Pal P , Vaidyanathan P P . Nested arrays: A novel approach to array processing with enhanced degrees of freedom [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing , 2010 , 58 ( 8 ): 4167 - 4181 . DOI: 10.1109/tsp.2010.2049264 http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2010.2049264

Shu Ting , He Jin , Han Xiaodong , et al . Joint DOA and degree-of-polarization estimation of partially-polarized signals using nested arrays [J ] . IEEE Communications Letters , 2020 , 24 ( 10 ): 2182 - 2186 . DOI: 10.1109/lcomm.2020.3004369 http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2020.3004369

Pan Yujian , Gao Xiaoxin , Xu Xin . Underdetermined estimation of multiple parameters for partially polarized signals with dual-polarized coprime array [J ] . IEEE Communications Letters , 2021 , 25 ( 9 ): 2923 - 2927 . DOI: 10.1109/lcomm.2021.3096077 http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2021.3096077

Shu Ting , He Jin , Wen Fangqing , et al . Incompletely polarized MIMO radar for target direction estimation [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Radar Systems , 2023 , 1 : 532 - 541 . DOI: 10.1109/trs.2023.3318177 http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/trs.2023.3318177

Chen Xiaolong , Guan Jian , He You , et al . Detection of low observable moving target in sea clutter via fractal characteristics in fractional Fourier transform domain [J ] . IET Radar , Sonar & Navigation, 2013 , 7 ( 6 ): 635 - 651 . DOI: 10.1049/iet-rsn.2012.0116 http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-rsn.2012.0116

Wang Anan , Wang S L , Wu Guoqing , et al . A method for detecting sea-surface small targets based on features of time-varying polarization scattering mechanism [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems , 2025 , 61 ( 6 ): 15311 - 15326 . DOI: 10.1109/taes.2025.3584015 http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/taes.2025.3584015

He Jin , Ahmad M O , Swamy M N S . Near-field localization of partially polarized sources with a cross-dipole array [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems , 2013 , 49 ( 2 ): 857 - 870 . DOI: 10.1109/taes.2013.6494385 http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/taes.2013.6494385

Wang Shuai , Wen Shun , Deng Zilan , et al . Metasurface-based solid Poincaré sphere polarizer [J ] . Physical Review Letters , 2023 , 130 ( 12 ): 123801 . DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.123801 http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.130.123801

Hu Qi , Chen Ke , Zhang Na , et al . Arbitrary and dynamic Poincaré sphere polarization converter with a time-varying metasurface [J ] . Advanced Optical Materials , 2022 , 10 ( 4 ): 2101915 . DOI: 10.1002/adom.202101915 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adom.202101915

Wen Fangqing , Gui Guan , Gacanin H , et al . Compressive sampling framework for 2D-DOA and polarization estimation in mmWave polarized massive MIMO systems [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications , 2023 , 22 ( 5 ): 3071 - 3083 . DOI: 10.1109/twc.2022.3215965 http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/twc.2022.3215965

张凯 . 根据部分极化波极化特征信息估计飞行器姿态研究 [D ] . 南京 : 南京航空航天大学 , 2012 .

Zhang Kai . Research of aircraft attitude estimation based on partially polarized electromagnetic wave signal [D ] . Nanjing : Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics , 2012 . (in Chinese)

Pan Yujian , Xu Xin , Yang Afeng . DOA estimation for a mixture of completely and partially polarized signals with enhanced separation [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems , 2024 , 60 ( 5 ): 6983 - 6994 . DOI: 10.1109/taes.2024.3408794 http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/taes.2024.3408794

浏览量

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

基于慢波微同轴的紧凑型开关线式真时延单元

应急场景无人机辅助实时视频传输联合优化策略

CloAct：基于克隆关系和模体的关键类识别方法

基于多维DHS的AFDM卫星通信隐蔽波形

面向工业多时间尺度软测量的时序解耦与度量对齐Transformer模型