摘要:The formulation of PBG structure consisting of complex(including anisotropic,bi-isotropic and bi-anisotropic)medium is modeled by using pseudo-spectral time-domain method,and then employed for calculating the dispersion curves.The numerical results show that in the case of isotropic medium,the dispersion curves are in good agreement with that from FDTD method and also plane wave expansion method;in the case of anisotropic medium,the dispersion curves form a wider first stop-band and more stop-bands of higher order.
关键词:PSTD method;PBG structure;dispersion characteristics;complex medium
摘要:In this paper,three measuring methods of the characteristics of PBG structures are compared,including coplanar microstrip line method,monopole method and suspending microstrip line method.Then the PVPBG structure(as a typical example of PBG structures)is applied in monopoles、microstrip antennas and E shape antennas respectively.Simulation and experimental results show that the PBG structure can improve the input impedance of antennas,increase the front radiation,decrease the back radiation and increase the gain of antennas.Based on the Gap-Coupled PVPBG(GCPVPBG)structure,we propose a new PVPBG structure named Intercrossed Capacitor-Coupled PVPBG(ICCPVPBG)structure.The size of the ICCPVPBG structure is only 3/4 of the size of the GCPVPBG structure when they have the same band-gap.
JI Wu-sheng, LI Ying, YOU Bin, ZHAO Ting-gang, LI Bin-ying
Vol. 31, Issue 12, Pages: 1771-1775(2003)
摘要:The B-Spline FEM is an effective numerical computation method for solving 2-D electromagnetic field problem of rectangular regions.This method has high computational accuracy without destroying the continuity of adjacent field value.In this paper,a transferable Gauss integral matrix algorithm(TGIMA)which can perform fleetly the B-spline FEM was proposed.By the algorithm,the B-spline function value of every Gauss point was transferred to general coefficient matrix of B-spline FEM equation without integral operations of product of B-spline subinterval function.Consequently the computational complexity can be largely reduced.The algorithm can be programmed conveniently and make the computation easier.
关键词:electromagnetic field;boundary value problem;B-spline;finite element;transferable Gauss integral matrix algorithm
摘要:A new type of radar system of ship-based passive Synthetic Impulse and Aperture Radar(SIAR)is presented on the basis of multiple frequency-carrying signals transmitted with multiple antennas to the whole directions,while its transmitting beams are formed by digital signal processing in receivers.The system shall not only make up a radar system of bi-station or multi-station through transmitting signals from the bank,and receiving signals on ships,but also be equivalent to a passive position locater at the sink.The basic constitutions and operational principles are presented.There are many distinguished features in the new radar system in comparison with conventional radars.Its performance is analyzed and simulative results are given.Finally,some key problems to be solved are discussed in the radar.
关键词:synthetic impulse and aperture radar;HF;ground-wave OTHR;multi-static radar;passive position
摘要:Edge extraction is one of the most important components of multisensor information fusion.For SAR images the performance of conventional edge extraction methods such as those based on zero crossings of the second order derivatives is terribly bad due to the existence of speckle.Based on the analysis of the characteristics of synthetic aperture radar(SAR)images,this paper puts forward a combined method for edge extraction of SAR images,which is composed of wavelet transform and fuzzy weighted median filter.Wavelet can be used for edge detection because multiresolution wavelet decomposition of an image yields detailed coefficients that contain the high frequency content of the image.Median filter is a kind of nonlinear filters that has good ability in keeping edge.The experimental results show the effectiveness and stability of the method.The examples of SAR image edges and visible light image edges are given and analyzed respectively.Furthermore,these edges are used for image matching.The precision of location can come to 1 pixel.
摘要:Based on Two-Step processing approach and Chirp Scaling algorithm,a Deramp Chirp Scaling (DCS) algorithm for high-resolution spaceborne spotlight synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging was presented.The algorithm combined the advantages of SPECAN algorithm and Chirp Scaling algorithm.Firstly,the azimuthal coarse focusing was achieved via a deramp processing with constant Doppler rate,and the azimuthal spectral folding phenomenon,which was typical for spaceborne spotlight SAR,was overcome.Secondly,the precise range focusing was achieved by Chirp Scaling principle,and the residual azimuth phase error was compensated,so the refined azimuthal focusing was acquired.Based on the squinted equivalent range model that was fitter for spaceborne geometrical relation than the broadside range model,the complete derivation of the algorithm was presented and the realizing approach was given.The whole algorithm could be implemented by complex multiplication and fast Fourier transform (FFT) without any interpolation of the data.The algorithm was suitable for wide range swath high-resolution spaceborne spotlight SAR imaging.Finally,the computer simulation showed the validity of the algorithm.
摘要:Distributed spaceborne SAR can produce SAR images with different scattering spectrum.The combination of these SAR images was used to improve the range resolution in final image product.The key point in its data processing was how to correctly join these different spectrums to a wider range spectrum.A new algorithm based on spectrum shift estimation for improving range resolution was proposed to process distributed spaceborne SAR data.The algorithm firstly estimated the spectrum shift between SAR complex images acquired by small satellites.Then the spectrum shift was compensated to these complex images in frequency field.Finally the compensated SAR images were added to form final image with improved range resolution.According to SAR complex image model,the new algorithm was derived.The steps to implement the algorithm mainly included image registration,spectrum shift estimation,spectrum shift compensation and image addition and every step was presented in detail.FFT were used in the algorithm to reduce its processing time.In last,computer simulation was employed to test the new algorithm.
摘要:Polarimetric whitening filter (PWF) method for speckle reduction in polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is stated here,with some traditional covariance matrix parameter estimate method.Aimed at their defects in parameter estimation,an enhanced auto-adaptive edge-detection method for parameter estimating is presented firstly.For the lack of point target and line detection in the above-mentioned methods,a new parameter estimation method is then introduced.At last,results of above-mentioned methods applied in PWF are submitted.Detailed analyses and comparisons are also presented.It is proved that the new parameter estimation method is the most robust.
摘要:The distributed satellites are clusters of small satellites that cooperate to perform multiple space mission functions,and its functions and reliability are well beyond a larger,single satellite.Since the concept was formulated,there are several research efforts looking for the possibility of using a group of small satellites to do mission functions.Beam nulling is used for resolving Doppler aliasing and achiering full-resolution SAR imaging.Simulation results prove this method preferable.
关键词:distributed small satellites;synthetic aperture radar;radar resolution;beam nulling
摘要:In this paper,based on mathematical model of nose-to-nose calibration procedure,G-N optimum filter of digital deconvolution ,which is applied to nose-to-nose calibration procedure,is developed under the condition of minimal error power and minimal smoothing power.Based on the features of deconvolution filter ,this result is extended to other types of deconvolution filter,and corresponding formulae are given.Finally,the simulated filtering effects of this deconvolution filter are given.
摘要:This paper presents a new hybrid genetic algorithm(HGA)using float point operation directly,and analyzes its characteristics,and then we use the algorithm to realize the weighted Myriad filter,getting its weights estimation and output based on the HGA.Since all the chromosomes of the algorithm can quickly converge to the global optimum values,the comparable simulations demonstrate that the filter performance outperforms to others in any case.
DU Zhu-feng, HUANG Tie-xia, LU Yi-min, YANG Zong-kai
Vol. 31, Issue 12, Pages: 1815-1819(2003)
摘要:A modified Monte Carlo method is used to simulate the returned signals of underwater target.The results show that the contributions of the second and third scattering to the received target signal are very great in addition to the single scattering.Moreover,a new opinion that the effective attenuation coefficient of the target signal (Keff) is larger than the attenuation coefficient of backscattering (Kb) is proposed.The simple linear relationships between Keff and Kb are set up based on various parameters.
关键词:underwater target signal;Monte Carlo method;multiple scattering;effective attenuation coefficient;field of view of Lidar receiver
摘要:In this paper,a new method of moving target detection,radial velocity estimation and relocation based on dual-aperture antenna along-track interferometric SAR is proposed.The principle and realization of clutter cancellation,moving target detection,radial velocity estimation and relocation are presented based on the analysis of clutter cancellation necessity.After constant false alarm rate(CFAR)processing,the moving targets are separated and the detection process is realized by comparing the cancellation extent between the residue SAR image and the original SAR image.In the meanwhile,the radial velocity estimation and relocation of moving targets can be performed by using the clutter cancellation characteristics of the residue SAR image.This method features significant clutter cancellation and can perform the detection,radial velocity estimation and relocation of moving targets masked by ground clutters.Simulation results show that the method proposed in this paper is effective.
摘要:The image processing was applied on the clutter data in radar detection region.This method can track the charactered clutter and offer information for CFAR.This paper introduced the research work on adaptive CFAR detectors confronting the clutter edge.Based on clutter tracking,we proposed CF(clutter feature)-CFAR detector and SE(structuring element)-CFAR detector,analyzed and simulated their detection performance by the Monte Carlo method.
关键词:CFAR;clutter tracking;image process;the Monte Carlo method
摘要:With the pervasiveness of networks and multimedia applications,color communication and reproduction have drawn much more attentions.Although the ICC-based color management techniques can provide the color reproducing and transmitting mechanism,limitations still exist:prone to increase the system overhead,inconvenient to deliver the color devices characteristic and difficult to combine different color management systems.In this paper,we propose the"Virtual Standard Color Device"to solve the cross-platform and cross-network color reproduction problem.Experimental results prove the effectiveness of this solution.
关键词:color reproduction;color management;Virtual Standard Color Device
摘要:In this paper,human face detection algorithm is combined with the set partitioning in hierarchical trees(SPIHT)algorithm,and an embedded head-shoulder image coding method is proposed.The human face detection algorithm is employed firstly to determine human face region in a head-shoulder image.The human face region mask is generated and the wavelet coefficients in the human face region mask of LL subband is scaled to ensure that they are encoded with higher priority.Finally,the SPIHT algorithm is implanted to encode human face region and background region.The experimental results show that the reconstructed quality of human face region is much better than that of background region.At the same time,the encoded bitstream is fully embedded and supports progressive transmission.
关键词:head shoulder images;human face detection;set partitioning in hierarchical trees(SPIHT)algorithm;wavelet transform
摘要:In this paper,the robustness problem in medical image registration algorithm based on mutual information is analyzed.A new method is proposed,which establishes image fuzzy gradient field and sets up the measurement of fuzzy gradient similarity.Then it is combined into the algorithm based on mutual information.Our experiments illustrate that this method can efficiently solve the robustness problem in the traditional algorithm based on mutual information and match medical images quickly and stably.
XUE Zheng-hui, YANG Shi-ming, GAO Ben-qing, ZHANG Ze-jie
Vol. 31, Issue 12, Pages: 1839-1843(2003)
摘要:This paper introduced a strategy for parallel implementation of the FDTD algorithm used in COW(Cluster of Workstation)parallel computing system and PVM parallel environment.Because of the one-dimension space division,this method is efficient relatively highly efficient.Some computed examples were given to prove the feasibility and correctness of this method.This method provides a solve-scheme for the EM computation of electrically-large-size complex object and can be used in radiation,scattering and EMC analysis.
摘要:To examine the GPS signal in high dynamic situation,it is necessary to design code circus and carrier circus.To acquire and track the digital system,in the high dynamic situation ,the most important aspect in the problems of code tracking as well as carrier acquisition and tracking is to solve carrier tracking problem.In the high dynamic situation ,using the twelve channels correlator -GP2021 of GEC corporation ,this paper analyses the peculiarity of carrier tracking circuit.On the ground of it ,it also presents an novel method to improve the performance of the carrier tracking circus.
摘要:Turbo codes conventionally adopt modified BAHL et al.algorithm,a kind of probabilitic iterative decoding algorithm based on soft values.To fully make use of the information on the deterministic structure of turbo constituent encoders according to the algebraic decoding principle in conjunction with the probabilitic decoding algorithm,this paper proposed a joint probability-algebra decoding scheme for turbo codes.Combining the advantages of iterative soft decoding and algebraic decoding and efficiently avoiding the bit error propagation,the proposed scheme is capable of further improving the error-correcting performance of turbo codes.It is not only a new research method to lower the Bit Error Rate (BER) and the error floor of turbo codes but valuable for applications as a result of better error correcting performance.Simulation results show that the turbo codes can obtain about 0.1dB asymptotic coding gain with the proposed scheme than those with the typical turbo-code decoding schemes when the BER is between 10-3~10-4.
摘要:A robust optical flow algorithm for larger motion velocity and lager velocity change was presented.A novel gradient constraint equation was obtained through analyzing the error of temporal gradient.On the other hand,the anisotropic diffusion equation was introduced in the oriented smoothness constraint so that the computation of flow velocity in the motion discontinuity can be improved.According to these improvements,the multi-grid differential optical flow algorithm can not only alleviate the error propagation effect,but also adapt itself to larger motion velocity and lager velocity change.The experimental results have shown that the flow field of density 100% can not only be created by the algorithm proposed in this paper,but also be provided with good computation accuracy and robustness for lager motion velocity and lager velocity change.
摘要:Based on the principles of fuzzy mathematics,we describe the routing problem on the condition of the network with uncertain information.Assuming the link delay is a fuzzy number,we make the definition on the reliability that the path delay is less than the delay constraint.We also propose the notion of Path Reliability Decision(PRD),Most Optimal Reliability Path(MORP),Path Optimal Partition(POP),Most Optimal Partition Path(MOPP).We find if all the link delay have the same width,MORP or MOPP can be turned to the restricted shortest path problem whose constraint is the jump and so they are polynomial solvable.At last we give the approximate algorithm for MORP.The time complexity is O(log(ε)-1(vlog(v)+e)).
摘要:Many efficient approaches and analysis techniques are applied to analyze the macro and micro characterizes of network flow data.The attractors are reconstructed by making use of time-delay coordinates.Then the macro nonlinear characteristic quantities of the network flow time sequences such as the Fractal dimension、Kolmogorov entropy and the largest Lyapunov exponents are extracted in this multi-dimension phase-space.The study on the temporal characteristics of these three parameters discovered that the network flow is featured by some chaotic behaviors.The multifractal spectrums of the four difference network flow data are calculated in order to characterize and recognize the dynamic structure of network flow data more deeply,and thus can be effectively exploited for the controlling and modeling of the network behaviors.
关键词:reconstruction of phase space;fractal dimension;multifractal;network flow
摘要:This paper proposes a simple and practical threshold adaptive estimating method for PN code acquisition.After analyzing the statistical property of the decision variable,we use the Maximum Likelihood (ML) criterion to adaptively estimate the variance of the Gaussian noise.Thus,we get the decision threshold.The performance of the acquisition method using estimated threshold got by computer simulation is very close to the theoretical one's,which shows that the proposed method is useful.Furthermore,for the threshold's estimation method is very simple and fast,it is very fit for practical application.
摘要:Loss in target amplitude results from range/velocity/azimuth transform in radar signal processing due to unknown information for the target.Based on the analysis of effects of window functions on signal processing,the system loss for range/velocity transform with Hanning window and azimuth transform with Chebyshev window is analyzed quantitatively.The of methods interpolation and detecting target with two thresholds are presented to cut down the loss.
摘要:A digital DS/BPSK code acquisition circuit is proposed,and the mathematics model is derived when the receiver operates in high dynamic situation.The effect of Doppler frequency shift and PN phase error on the acquisition performance is analyzed.A scheme used to improve the probability of detection,and decrease the probability of false alarm is introduced.According to the analysis,the improved digital code acquisition circuit has higher probability of detection and lower probability of false alarm,and can be adopted for shortening the acquisition time effectively.
关键词:DS/BPSK;Doppler frequency shift;acquisition;Receiver
摘要:Based on moving-polynomial smoother,the mathematical formula and algorithm of noncenteral-smoothing method for position polynomial filter are developed in this paper.In this way,variance ratio of filtering is decreased.It has been tested in telemetry data processing of pilotless helicopter.The method can filter out the random error of telemetry data effectively.It may provide a foundation of analyzing the capability of pilotless helicopter and controlling it reliability.
关键词:telemetry data processing;polynomial fitting;noncenteral-smoothing
WU Yong-zhong, HAN Jiang-hong, ZHANG Li, ZHENG ShuLi, CHENG Wen-juan
Vol. 31, Issue 12, Pages: 1885-1888(2003)
摘要:Sound synthesis technique based on physical model is a kind of accurate method to describe object's sounds.The method is based on partial differential object's vibration equation of to synthesize sound directly.Presently,the method is becoming an important research field on digital sound synthesis.Under our research,we discover that the PDE cited by many researchers for a long time is extreme limitation,and prove those by theory and experimentation.And then,we derive a new PDE by dynamics elements.Last,we prove that our new PDE is correct.So,a new basic and universal equation has been proposed by the paper for sound synthesis based on physical model.
摘要:Wu Hai-tao et al[1].claim that they"have shown the two scheduling algorithms WFQ and WF2Q are not PGPS(packet-by-packet GPS) so that delay and service characteristics of the latter do not hold in the former two".Unfortunately,there is a fatal misunderstanding in their paper about an important concept,the set of busy sessions,in the WFQ algorithm,leading to the voidness of their claims.
摘要:To avoid the "crowding phenomenon" in conformal mapping,approximate analytical expressions of characteristic parameter for CPW's on a thin substrate have been derived.Combining these expressions with the partial capacitance method,we can calculate the characteristic parameters for CPW's with a thin insulative film between the conductors and substrate.A practical example is analyzed and agrees well with the test data.Finally the effect of an insulated thin film between the conductors and Si-substrate on loss factor of microwave transmission lines is analyzed.
摘要:A method of trace and parameter measurement for flying objects is discussed with the GPS and telemetering technique over the range of middle and far distances.The principle of measurement is presented and the experiments are made.It is shown that this method has many advantages over other ones with no influence of climate,target RCS and long distances on the measurement.The problem of measuring trace and parameter for flying objecs at middle and far distances is solved.
摘要:Test methods based on DSP for Differential Phase(DP) and Differential Gain(DG) of high speed and log-to-digital converter (ADC) are studied.And the equations are proposed.The ADC dgnamic test circuit has been built.The high speed ADC converter has been tested using the method;Examples of test results are shown that the method is suitable for measuring DP or DG of an ADC system.
摘要:In this paper,a method of the active deception jamming to SAR is proposed depending on the principle of SAR and the model of ground echo.The basic principle of the SAR active deception jamming and the model of the jamming signal are discussed,and the simulations on the real SAR data are made.The result is the deception figure displaying on SAR figure.
摘要:Simulated annealing presents an additional way to suppress speckle in Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images.This was exemplified by the simulated annealing algorithm for SAR Radar Cross-Section (RCS) estimation developed by R.G.White.However,analysis shows White's algorithm can be refined when it is applied to a SAR single-look image.Taking account of the speciality of the single-look SAR image,this paper proposes another neighborhood model and a new objective function based on the model,and then suggests a novel simulated annealing algorithm.Theoretical analysis and experimental results using simulated and real SAR single-look images show that,the novel algorithm improves structure preservation without degrading the speckle reduction in homogeneous areas.Moreover,it causes less radiometric distortion and shortens time cost with satisfying results.
摘要:The phase synchronization between transmitter and receiver is a key problem to the bistatic synthetic aperture radar(BiSAR)system.Using a phase locked loop(PLL)receiver is one of possible methods to realize the phase synchronization of a BiSAR system.The performance of a PLL receiver in the case of aircraft motion error is discussed,and the influence of PLL phase error on imaging of BiSAR system is analyzed in this paper.Finally,the results of computer simulation are presented.
LI Ming-feng, WANG Zhen-song, ZHANG Tao, YAO Ping, HAN Ji-zhong
Vol. 31, Issue 12, Pages: 1911-1913(2003)
摘要:The high resolution real-time image processing method for the strip mode SAR with the stretching method of the broadband LFM signal is discussed in this paper.There are three differences from the existing real-time image processors.The first is the echo of range is de-chirped in SAR receiver,the second is the necessity of real-time correcting the range cell migration during the processing,and the third is the real-time continuous processing by one-aperture method in azimuth.The processing principle and method for the de-chirped range data is analyzed in detail and the RCMC suited for real-time processing is discussed carefully.At last,the time limitation and the total amount of computation in real-time image processing are analyzed clearly.
SHI Yan-ling, QING Jian, LI Wei, XIN Pei-sheng, ZHU Zi-qiang, LAI Zong-sheng
Vol. 31, Issue 12, Pages: 1914-1916(2003)
摘要:The distributed phase shifters consist of a coplanar waveguide transmission line loaded periodically with MEMS capacitors,which provide variable phase shift through voltage-control of the MEMS capacitors.In this paper,the requirements of the unloaded-line impedance and pull-down voltage for the phase shifter are discussed.To improve the performance in transmission loss,the varieties of the line section where the MEMS capacitor is loaded are analyzed and calculated.The Ka-band distributed MEMS phase shifters are fabricated on the high-resistivity silicon substrate by using optimum parameters.The measured results demonstrate a low actuation voltage,producing an obvious phase shift at 8V bias,and a pull-down voltage never more than 25V.Here,a phase shift of 286°at 36 GHz is achieved.Lifetimes of 3x106 cycles have been obtained for all elastic membranes as far as the phase shifter composed of 16 MEMS bridges is concerned.These offer an important guarantee for practical application of the devices.
HE You, XIU Jian-juan, TANG Xiao-ming, DONG Shi-jia
Vol. 31, Issue 12, Pages: 1917-1920(2003)
摘要:This paper studies the location and tracking problem of the over-the-horizon target(OTHT).A new method is proposed,which uses active tracking technology and time difference of arrival (TDOA) location method to track the OTHT.This location system is composed of several air platforms and ground stations.The target signal is transmitted (or reflected) by air platforms and received by ground stations.TDOA information is measured by ground stations.At the same time the position of air platform is located by active radar in ground station.Then the time of target signal propagated between air platform and ground station is obtained.By simple calculation we can obtain the TDOA information of these air platforms,which is used to locate the OTHT.Simulation results show that the OTHT can be located and tracked by the method proposed.
摘要:Blind separation of sources consists of recovering a set of signals in which only instantaneous linear mixing are observed.This paper presents a novel blind separation method of nonstationary sources when noises are α-stable processes,the observed data are preprocessed using an empirical threshold value.To make full use of nonstationarity and temporal correlation of sources,we exploit sliding windows to form multiple time-delay correlation matrices of the weighted observed data,then use approximately joint diagonalization to estimate the mixing matrix and source signals.The method is limited to the case of characteristic exponent α tending to unity,and computer simulation is provided to illuminate the high performance of the proposed method.