摘要:An efficient algorithm for computing the k-error linear complexity of a sequence with period 2pn over GF(q)is presented,where p and q are primes,and q is a primitive root of modulo p2.It is a generalization of an algorithm for determining the linear complexity of a sequence with period 2pn presented by Wei,Xiao and Chen.The computation complexity of the new algorithm is O(N),where N is the period of the sequence.
关键词:stream cipher;sequence;linear complexity;k-error linear complexity
ZHANG Zhi-zhong, LUO Jiang-tao, ZENG Qing-ji, WANG Jian-xin, YE Tong
Vol. 32, Issue 5, Pages: 713-717(2004)
摘要:A novel all-optical packet switching node architecture is proposed,which is equipped with a set of fiber delay lines (FDLs) and tunable optical wavelength converters (TOWCs) shared among the input lines.As far as contention resolution is concerned,the developed architecture is more flexible and cost effective than the traditional design and the methods introduced in the literatures.To obtain an equivalent packet loss probability to the method that provides TOWCs for each input wavelength channel,we give the maximum number of converters required by the system.Simulation results show that the developed architecture can guarantee a good tradeoff in terms of system size,cost and performance.We also get the conclusion that with the increase of the product of the number of input/output fibers and the number of wavelengths,the number of TOWCs and FDLs needed will,being different from the traditional design,gradually decrease.
关键词:all-optical packet switching;optical buffering;wavelength converter;sharing;packet loss probability
WANG Lei, ZHANG Han-yi, ZHENG Xiao-ping, LI Yan-he
Vol. 32, Issue 5, Pages: 718-722(2004)
摘要:The authors proposed a novel mechanism based on Optical Border Gateway Protocol (OBGP) that implements inter-domain routing in optical mesh networks.Based on an idea of minimum-hop optimal path and a bypass routing during the request course of lightpath setup phase,they achieved the procedure of dynamic and distribution lightpath establishment efficiently in optical networks,which results in a lower blocking probability than before.They also made resource reservation and configured hardware with a "parallel signaling" mode,which can reduce the end-to-end delay.An experiment of this mechanism using optiman network simulation tools has been presented,which has shown that our study can decrease blocking probability on condition of heavy traffics and make network performance better.It also demonstrates that the three factors,such as network scales,number of wavelengths and traffic loads,have influenced on the network performance.The analysis indicates that a value related to the change of blocking probability approximates the product of end-to-end delay and network scales.
REN Guo-bin, WANG Zhi, LOU Shu-qin, JIAN Shui-sheng
Vol. 32, Issue 5, Pages: 723-726(2004)
摘要:The effective area of Photonic crystal fiber (PCF) is discussed in this paper.With the scaling properties of Maxwell's equations,the relation between normalized wavelength and normalized effective area of PCF can provide a general map of the effective area.We give numerical results for triangular and square lattice PCF.
关键词:photonic crystal fiber;orthogonal functions;effective area
摘要:In order to solve the practical problem in the fine time-scale traffic measurement of large-scale networks,such as Internet,the paper introduced a non-stationary traffic train (NTT) model,which aims to directly model the coarse time-scale traffic samples.NTT model is the superposition of a large number of active traffic train segments,each of which can be described with a fractional Gaussian noise process,while train arrivals form a non-homogeneous Poisson process and train durations are exponential.The application of NTT model in the actual measurement and analysis of CERNET backbone traffic verifies the validation and effectiveness of NTT model,which confirms that NTT model can be used in the study of network behavior based on various time-scale traffic measurements.
关键词:internet;network measurement;network traffic;network behavior;non-stationary traffic train (NTT) model
摘要:Mining of association rules is one of the most important fields in data mining.In this paper,a new general incremental algorithm IAR for mining association rules is presented.The disting uishing feature of IAR is as follows:First,the selective scan strategy is adopted,which is based on the upper bound on the number of candidate itemsets;Second,IAR can efficiently update the discovered rules when the value of support threshold is changed,new transactions are added to the database,and obsolete ones are removed from it.Furthermore,based on the Kruskal-Katona theorem and the itemset equivalence class theory,we devise the technique for calculating the maximal number of candidate itemsets.Experiments show the prominent performance of the algorithm IAR.
摘要:As an important phenomenon of outdoor scene,atmospheric degradation was paid increasing attention in the field of both computer vision and computer graphics.Based on the theory of Radiative Transfer,the paper is to explore the techniques of computer graphics relating to this phenomenon.Building on an extended path tracer,it describes an integrated rendering framework of atmospheric degradation,which makes the ray walk randomly both through the space of scene but the domain of spectrum.Also it introduces an analytic model of sky and the detail of implementation is described.
摘要:In pervasive computing,terminals should be adaptive to changes in the supply of available resources and respond to these dynamical and unpredictable changes.The paper proposes an adaptive architecture of terminals and analyzes the design method of adaptive application using fuzzy control theory.In the demonstration of an embedded browser application,the browser could obtain stable web browsing performance even if the needed resources changes dynamically.
摘要:Based on the analysis of network services and the deficiency in current layered network architectures caused by multi-layer functional duplication and complicated processing,this paper proposes a Service Unit based Network Architecture (SUNA).Service Unit (SU) only provides services,and does not receive any services,thus it avoids inter-layer interactions and costs of delivering services.SU provides services for local node applications,and SUs of different nodes can also collaborate to provide services for the entire network or a certain node.Furthermore,the Micro-communication Element System (MCES) is presented for SUNA,which is easy to be transitted from TCP/IP.Micro-communication System is constructed of organized Micro-communication Elements which are equal to SUs,and network system consists of many Micro-communication Systems.MCES is easy to design and implement and has greater flexibility.
关键词:network architecture;layered architecture;object-oriented;service unit;micro-communication element
摘要:A multisensor image fusion algorithm using wavelet transform is proposed in this paper.The principles of choosing high frequency and low frequency coefficients are discussed respectively.While choosing high frequency coefficients,we select these that have maximal absolute values and verify the consistency of these coefficients.When choosing the low frequency coefficients,we design three approaches.The first method is average method,which decreases the contrast of images in some degree.The second method is combination of average and selection proposed by Burt,which uses average method and selective methods alternatively according to the match degree of two images.The third method is based on edges of images,selecting the pixels that might be on the edges possibly from original images.The algorithm is used to fuse several multi-focused images.The results show that this algorithm can preserve all useful information from primitive images and all targets in the fused image are very clear.However,if we choose low frequency coefficients by the third method,the effect of fused image is the best.
YE Bao-liu, GU Tie-cheng, WU Min-qiang, LU Sang-lu, CHEN Dao-xu
Vol. 32, Issue 5, Pages: 754-758(2004)
摘要:A fundamental problem of Peer-to-Peer file sharing system is how to protect the privacy and anonymity of nodes while providing efficient data access service.We presented a Multicast-based Peer-to-Peer file anonymous retrieval protocol called Mapper.By the combination of IP multicast technology and Multi-proxy forwarding technology,Mapper satisfies the requirements of mutual anonymity during the file access process.The protocol also integrates group member selection with cache position selection via MRFC (Most Requested Frequency Caching) algorithm,thus file distribution can be adjusted adaptively with respect to dynamic usage patterns and multicast overhead can be controlled.The experimental results show that Mapper can alleviate network traffic,reduce access delay efficiently,and has the merits of scalability,reliability and adaptability.
摘要:A parallel Hough transform algorithm on linear array with reconfigurable pipeline bus system (LARPBS) is presented.Utilizing the strong communication and computation ability of LARPBS,the algorithm can contract and count the foreground pixels on each line.Suppose the number of θ values considered is m,the algorithm can complete Hough transform for an image with n×n pixels in O(1) time using mn2processors and get optimal speed and efficiency.We also illustrate how to partition and perform the algorithm on a LARPBS with less than mn2 processors,thus show the algorithm is highly scalable.
摘要:We present a statistics analysis of the picture distortion caused by quantization,channel errors and subsequent error propagation,and propose rate-distortion estimation models which are functions of two parameters,i.e.quantization step and intra refreshing ratio.Based on these R-D models,a joint optimal quantization step and intra refreshing ratio selection algorithm is developed by using Lagrange multiplier theory.Simulation results show that our algorithm can make the encoder adapting itself in time to the variation of the channel bandwidth,and significantly improve the video quality over packet loss networks.
关键词:H.264/AVC;rate-distortion;intra refreshment;rate control
摘要:Traditional intrusion detection systems only carry out response when intrusion is detected,while don't respond to "nonexistence" of intrusion.It has two shortcomings.First,when the previous intrusion events that had been responded are proved to be false alarms,the response system cannot correct its response.Secondly,when the intrusion behavior terminates,the response system cannot withdraw the corresponding response so as to eliminate the negative effect.In this paper,a Rollbackable Automated Intrusion Response System (RAIRS) is established to cope with the above two problems.RAIRS can not only automatically detect response,but also detect false alarms and termination of intrusion,and then triggers the rollback of corresponding response to eliminate its negative effect.The experiment proves that the response rollback technique can decrease the response cost so that it can achieve the same security goal with lower cost.
摘要:All the group signature schemes available are supposed that all members have the same right to sign and can not be used in the cases where different members have different rights.To cover this shortage,this paper introduces a concept of the authorized group signature and proposes an authorized group signature scheme to implement it.The authors add a new party,the right manager,and a new procedure,AUTHORIZE procedure to the standard group signatures to achieve the authorized group signatures.In the proposed authorized group signature scheme,the signer can sign a signature only when he knows both a secret key of one group member and a secret certificate so he can sign only in his own right authorized by the right manager,and the verifier can verify the signer's right by verifying the corresponding public certificate.
关键词:digital signature;group signature;authorized group signature;anonymity
LU Zhe-ming, WU Hao-tian, LIU Zhong-ren, SUN Sheng-he
Vol. 32, Issue 5, Pages: 778-781(2004)
摘要:A multipurpose color image watermarking algorithm for copyright notification and protection is proposed.The basic idea is to embed the visible and invisible watermarks into different blocks of the color image,respectively.Based on the characteristics of normalized block variances,the visible watermark is adaptively embedded in spatial domain to achieve the goal of copyright notification.By utilizing the dithered modulation technique,the invisible watermark that can be blindly extracted is embedded in the DCT domain to obtain the aim of copyright protection.Simulation results show that the visible watermark is hard to remove by common operations,the impact of the invisible watermark on the color image quality is slight,and the invisible watermark is robust to common signal processing operations.
ZENG Xiang-jun, WANG Xiao-bao, YANG Xu, WANG Zhao-an
Vol. 32, Issue 5, Pages: 782-786(2004)
摘要:This paper deals with the electromagnetic interference problem based on mutual inductance model between the power circuit and control and driver circuit in hybrid Integrated Power Electronic Module (IPEM).It shows that the high frequency components of the circulating current of power circuit have important influence on control and driver circuit.An IPEM prototype is built up to evaluate the EMI of the circulating current.And an effective modeling and calculation method based on Partial Element Equivalent Circuit (PEEC) is used to calculate mutual inductance between the power circuit and control and driver circuit.
关键词:integrated power electronic module;partial element equivalent circuit;EMI
摘要:The precise integration method is employed to analyze the transient response of frequency-dependent interconnects.This method starts from frequency-domain telegrapher's equations and the time-domain equations including convolutions are obtained by inverse Laplace transform.After the discretization with respect to the space coordinate(x),the spatial derivatives are eliminated and replaced by finite differences,and then,the precise integration method is used.The truncation error is efficiently decreased by interlacing the voltage and current nodes along the x-axis.This is in contrast to the classical methods where the samples of both voltages and currents are taken at the same points.In addition,traditional numerical convolution is replaced by recursion algorithm in the computation of inhomogeneous items in the ordinary differential equations,such that the computational efficiency rises greatly.This method needs not decouple the telegrapher's equations for multiconductor transmission lines,and is also suitable to nonuniform coupled transmission lines.Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the accuracy and stability of the proposed method.
LIU Hai-wen, SUN Xiao-wei, CHENG Zhi-qun, LI Zheng-fan
Vol. 32, Issue 5, Pages: 791-794(2004)
摘要:Two novel low-pass filters (LPFs) of wide stop-band synthesizing both the structure of photonic band-gap (PBG) and the structure of microstrip are proposed in this paper.Compared with the conventional PBG filters with the straight microstrip line,one of the proposed filters is implemented by a one-line PBG microstrip structure with T-junction opened stubs and its transmission characteristics are discussed.The other is implemented by a one-line PBG microstrip structure with cross-junction opened stubs.The transmission characteristics of the proposed filter and the filters designed by the Rumsey's method and Kim's method are presented and discussed.The new wide-band harmonic rejection LPFs are easy to design and fabricate.Finally,The simulated and experimental results verify the validity of the LPFs.
WU Jing, LI Shu-rong, XIA Ke-jun, ZHENG Yun-guang, GUO Wei-lian
Vol. 32, Issue 5, Pages: 795-798(2004)
摘要:A novel Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO) without inductances has been fabricated for the first time based on Dual Base Transistor (DUBAT).The operating mechanism is analyzed in detail and the equivalent circuit is proposed.The results simulated by SPICE are consistent with those of experiments.The features of the simplicity of DUBAT structure and the compatibility of bipolar integrating process make this novel VCO a promising candidate for combination of VCO with functional circuits on a single silicon chip.
摘要:An algorithm for the suppressing of frequency sweeping interference in DSSS system using fractional Fourier transform is proposed in this paper.The basic concepts of interference detection and suppressing in fractional Fourier domain are introduced and two kinds of DSSS receiver with adaptive time-varying excision filters are also provided.The performance analyses have shown that remarkable improvement of SNR and BER are obtained and compared with other two dimensional time-frequency interference suppressing algorithms,it is easy in computation and simple in implementation.
摘要:A computationally eficient algorithm for jointly estimating range DOA and frequency of near field narrowband source is presented.Without spectral peak searching and pairing among parameters,it can be employed to arbitrary Gaussian noise environment since fourth-order cummulants are employed.Finally,its performances are confirmed by computer simulations.
关键词:array signal processing;DOA estimate;range estimate;frequency estimate;fourth-order cumulant
摘要:Once the transmission error or lost data packets occurred in network flows,the terminal user might bring forward a new service requirement.Different with the traditional FCFS discipline,the strategy of feedback priority was proposed.The queue with this policy was analyzed by constructing a quasi birth-and-death process.Based on the spectral expansion method,the stationary distribution of queue length was obtained.Furthermore,the delay performances of the two queues with different feedback strategies were calculated,indicating that the strategy with feedback priority can improve the quality of service.
关键词:network traffic;Quality of Service;feedback strategy;quasi birth-and-death process;spectral expansion method
摘要:Aiming at VLSI implementation of the bit-plane encoding in JPEG2000,a new structure,CBQT (Column-Based Query Table),and its corresponding scanning method,are presented.The main idea is to record the NBC(Need-Block-Coding) messages of pass 2 and 3 in advance by a certain polling tree,so heuristic search can be fufilled in the subsequent pass-scanning.Compared with K.Chen's GOCS scheme,this method achieved the single-column-skipping.Another advantage is that CBQT could manipulate pass-coding and state-updating simultaneously,so Y.Hsia's memory saving technique was imported without affecting system's coding efficiency.Experimental results show that whole time of bit-plane scanning is reduced by 25% of the original,and 8.72% required memory space is curtailed as well.
摘要:The feature of the MCK circuit is that it can generate double-scroll hyperchaotic attractor.This paper presents a new approach for generating N-scroll hyperchaotic attractors in the MCK circuit.A 2N-1-segment piecewise-linear odd function is constructed in the presented scheme.The construction method is used to make each equilibrium point located in the center of two adjacent breakpoints,and keep scrolls and bond orbits alternated with each other.Using the recurrence formula,the recurrence parameters of the 2N-1-segment piecewise-linear odd function can be determined so as to obtain N-scroll hyperchaotic attractors.Based on Lyapunov stability theory,the synchronization of N-scroll hyperchaotic attractors is studied.Finally,the results of generation and synchronization of N-scroll hyperchaotic attractors are given.
摘要:How to process multi-class problem with SVM is one of the present research focuses.We propose a fuzzy multi-class SVM model referred as FMSVM.It is constructed by introducing a fuzzy membership function to the penalty in the quadratic problem of Weston and Watkins,the membership function acquire different values for each input data according to their different affects on the classification results.Hence,we can ignore the data,which affect the classification result a little.Therefore different input points can make different contributions to the learning of the decision surface,i.e.,the optimal separating hyper-plane.Both theoretical analysis and digital experiment results show that the model proposed here works very well on benchmark data sets and also has the property of robustness.
关键词:multi-class classification;support vector machine (SVM);fuzzy membership function
HUANG Ka-ma, LING Xiao-ping, YANG Xiao-qing, ZHAO Xiang
Vol. 32, Issue 5, Pages: 833-835(2004)
摘要:One of the most important studies in microwave chemistry is to obtain the effective permittivity of chemical reaction.In this paper,a new type of open-slotted coaxial line sensor was employed to measure the reflection coefficients of reaction system,and then the effective permittivity of reaction was calculated by using genetic algorithm (GA).The results show the changes of the real part of effective permittivity with time agree with L.Onsager's and Debye's theory.The relationship between the imaginary part of effective permittivity and temperature is very complicated because the polarization loss and Ohm's loss vary with temperature at the same time. The changes of the real part of effective permittivity with time are opposite to the results described by L.Onsager's theory.
关键词:saponification reaction;effective permittivity;open-slotted coaxial line
ZHU Chang-hua, PEI Chang-xing, LI Jian-dong, MIN Fan-bao
Vol. 32, Issue 5, Pages: 836-840(2004)
摘要:A D-BMAP/D/1 queuing model is applied to analyzing the performance of GPRS data services,such as mean RLC/MAC queue length,mean delay and loss rate of mini-packets,in which a simplified one-phase access procedure and different service rate are taken into account.The analysis results show that:Delay and loss rate are reduced with longer timer T3182;Delay is increased under the greater probability with which mobile station in the idle state generates new session;Loss rate is decreased with larger buffer size.But delay is changed unclearly with the number of packet calls in a session.
关键词:general packet radio service;D-BMAP/D/1;performance analysis;delay;loss rate
摘要:In this paper the methodology of modeling and characterization of modern MOSFET ,with emphasis on short-channel effects of deep-submicorns devices up to 0.16 um,is researched based on BSIM.The threshold voltage model of MicronTM bulk device is made to demostrate the processing of modeling and characterization.The results of device model,cosisting of normal short-channel effect, body effect and DIBL (drain induced barrier lowering) effect,show good agreement between BSIM model and experimental data which proves effectiveness and good potential of the methodology.
关键词:MOSFET;device modeling and characterization;short-channel effect;BSIM
WANG Li-zhi, CHEN Zhi-ming, ZHAO Min-ling, SUI Xiao-hong
Vol. 32, Issue 5, Pages: 845-847(2004)
摘要:The floating capacitor is a key factor to determine the output characteristics of a charge pump.In order to overcome the difficulty in fabrication of the large capacitors in monolithic integrated circuits,a technique of replacing the floating capacitor by an active capacitance multiplier is proposed in this paper.Equivalent capacitance value of the active capacitance multiplier can be enlarged in 1~3 orders of magnitude.PSPICE simulations of the output characteristics were carried out for charge pump doublers and charge pump inverters for the different designs of adopting the capacitance multiplier and a normal capacitor,respectively.The simulation results show that the same output characteristics can be obtained from the new charge pump with a capacitor much smaller than that adopted in the normal charge pump products.For example,100 pF in the new is equivalent to 50nF normally in this work.Employing the active capacitance multiplier,therefore,the new charge pump is much easier to be fabricated in fully integrated realizations with on-chip capacitor.
摘要:Based on algorithm for extracting video objects in one view-channel,a new scheme of extracting video objects in multi-view coding is proposed.A disparity estimation algorithm based on multi-level block matching is proposed.Moravec operator is used to find out characteristic disparity vectors in disparity images for precision confirmation.If a characteristic disparity vector is not precise enough,the block it belongs to will be matched again around the area indicated by the vector.If a block is still not matched precisely,it is split into four equal sub-blocks for block matching.Compared with traditional block-matching based algorithm,more precise and smooth disparity field can be acquired with the proposed algorithm,so that the quality of reconstructed image can be greatly improved.
关键词:multi-view video coding;video object extraction;disparity estimation
摘要:A share protection method was proposed in all-optical networks,and compared with pre-routing protection method in the number of fiber and wavelength,traffic intensity,share degree and topology.The result is that the share channel protection can improve the performance of network,decrease the network blocking ratio and enhance the network utilization.
摘要:Real-time CORBA specification is an extension of CORBA specification.This paper first introduces the priority banded connections in the real-time CORBA specification,then gives an algorithm to determine the amount of priority banded connections and an algorithm to compute the scope of each priority banded connection.Also an improved algorithm is given.Finally,some experiments are done to prove the algorithms' rationality.
摘要:This paper presents a rollback recovery scheme based on partitioned message logging,models its performance,and then evaluates its average overhead.Our scheme is a configurable general rollback recovery approach and its two end points correspond to conventional pessimistic message logging and coordinated checkpointing,respectively.Theoretical results show that protocol overhead ratio can be reduced by right configuration parameters fitting into system characteristics.Our scheme can optimize protocol performance.
摘要:This paper proposes a new queuing management and scheduling mechanism for VoIP queues,which coordinate RED and a scheduling algorithm of advisedly dropping packets.Simulation results show that the mechanism enables some improvement of the performance of packet forwarding effectively during network congestions compared to RED and FIFO scheduling.VoIP quality measurements verify its feasibility and effectiveness.
摘要:Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) Algorithm is a novel search algorithm which simulates the social behavior of ant colony depending on pheromone's communication.Based on the analysis of shortcomings of basic ACO such as lack and lag of collaboration among ants,this paper proposes a new ACO which is more faithful to real ant colony system.By setting up the pheromone diffusion model,this algorithm improves the collaboration among ants which are nearby.The simulation results for TSP problem show the validity of it.
摘要:A high frequency odd divider with nearly 50% duty is realized in this paper.Based on 0.25μm CMOS process model,the divider is simulated using Cadence Spectre.The simulation results show that the duty of the divider is 49.94% when the division ratio is 5,the power supply is 2.5V,the working temperature is 27℃ and the input frequency is 650MHz.
摘要:Due to the high bandwidth requirements and the long-lived nature of video,network bandwidth is proved to be the major limiting factor in the widespread usage of video streaming on demand over the Internet.Based on the existing network technologies and the capacity of clients and network,such as,I/O bandwidth,local cache,and a transmission scheme for proxy-based distributed video on demand was designed for the context of large-scale video on demand application.In each LAN there lies a proxy,which caches partial content of a part of video assets,admits and serves the request clients in a dynamically batched manner.Unicast alone will be used to transmit the video content on the network paths from the server to the proxy,while multicast or unicast can be chosen to transmit the video from the proxy to the clients.Experimental results have proved that the proposed scheme can greatly reduce the backbone bandwidth usage and provide theoretically null startup latency for clients.
摘要:Intrusion detection system(IDS) based on misuse couldn't detect undefined intrusion behavior effectively and anomaly detection methods based on statistic ignored multivariable correlations of variables in amount of time.A novel anomaly detection algorithm was proposed.Feature vectors represent the system's attributes with slide window and distribute the normal system sate in n dimension space in this method.The method use rules set evolved with genetic algorithms to cover the abnormal space.Experiment shows that the algorithm improves the detection rate.