最新刊期
卷 33 ， 期 8 ， 2005
- 摘要：Camellia is one of standard block ciphers algorithms published in 2003 by the NESSIE project.We analyze differential iterative characteristics and linear iterative characteristics,and find how the permutation and its inverse permutation affect 3-round and 4-round iterative characteristics,and the best 3-round and 4-round differential and linear iterative characteristics are found by us.Usingthe best 4-round iterative characteristics,we construct r-round differential and linear characteristics of Camellia variant.The differential probability of the 18th round is 2-296,and the linear bias is 2-141.32.These results are better than the results given by Eli Biham in 2001.关键词：block cipher;Camellia;differential iterative characteristics;linear iterative characteristics;permutation3|962|3更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：Based on metal induced unilateral crystallization (MIUC) technology,poly-Si thin film transistor (poly-Si TFT) display scan driving circuit and data driving circuit for AM-LCD and AM-OLED were developed,which can be made with the fabrication processes compactable with poly-Si TFT active matrix.The scan driver can work within the driving voltage from 3.5V through 10V.When it works at the driving voltage of 5V and the loading capacity of 22pf,the fall time and the rise time of the scanning circuit is about 150ns and 205ns respectively,the maximum working frequency is higher than 1MHz.Meanwhile,the data driving circuit can work within the voltage from 3.5V through 8V.Its rise time is about 200ns,its signal degradation ratio is about 15% during a period of 64μs,and the corresponding maximum working frequency is about 4MHz,when the data driving circuit work at the biased voltage of 5V and the loading capacity of 22pf.Using those MIUC poly-Si TFT display drivers,a self scanned active matrix LCD with pixel number of 80×RGB×60 was demonstrated.关键词：metal induced unilateral crystallization;poly-Si TFT;display driver circuit;display system on panel2|1122|4更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：The removal of chroma of Industrial wastewater is investigated with method of combination of 185nmUV rays and H2O2.The following results are obtained:The chroma of Industrial wastewater can be removed by lots of intermediates produced by water molecules dissociation under the irradiation of 185nm UV rays,such as ·OH,·H and eaq(hydrated electrons).If a little amount of H2O2 is added,the removal rate of chroma of industrial wastewater can be 10~20 times higher than that only using UV rays because H2O2 can also be decomposed to ·OH under irradiation of UV rays.The effluent can be discharged meeting the requirements of GB4287-92.So this method has many advantages of high efficiency,fastness,simpleness,easy operation and universal use to many kinds of industrial wastewaters.关键词：185nmUV;H2O2;wastewater chroma2|2088|2更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：An intrusion detection and response cooperation model was proposed.Incorporating the intrusion tolerance idea,the Intrusion Detection Message Exchange Format (IDMEF) was extended and a suspicious degree attribute was added.So suspicious events as well as intrusions can be reported to the cooperation components.An alert correlation and analysis algorithm was proposed,which was based on the modified CLOSET frequent close pattern mining algorithm.The algorithm can help the cooperation components in a distributed intrusion detection and response cooperation system to correlate and analyze the alerts received to make appropriate responses.To meet this purpose,the CLOSET algorithm was modified to obtain frequent close patterns according to a minimum support and a minimum suspicion degree.Experimental results show that when applying the algorithm,the amount of alerts can be effectively decreased.And appropriate responses can be made according to all the suspicious and intrusion events.关键词：intrusion detection;cooperation;alert;intrusion tolerance;frequent pattern2|1003|2更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：Construction of translation units deeply affects the performance of binary translation systems.In this paper we propose a novel adaptive translation unit construction (ATUC) algorithm.With hardware support,ATUC monitors the execution of the source architecture programs and dynamically adjusts the translation units according to the execution behavior characteristics of the programs.A hardware buffer is introduced to assist the binary translation software to detect continuously committed addresses.ATUC improves the efficiency of the translated code while guaranteeing the high success execution ratio of the translated code segments.Simulation results of the SPECint2000 benchmark show that ATUC has up to 31% performance advantages over other translation unit construction methods.关键词：dynamic binary translation;translation unit construction;trace;profile2|673|0更新时间：2025-07-16
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Fast Inductance and Resistance Extraction of 3-D VLSI Interconnects Based on the Method of K Element
摘要：In the integrated circuits with frequency above several GHz,parasitic inductive effect has greatly influenced the circuit performance,therefore requiring efficient algorithm for extraction of frequency-dependent inductance and resistance.Based on good localization property of the K element (inverse of the partial inductance method),a fast algorithm for interconnect inductance and resistance extraction is proposed in this paper.With an efficient window selection technique,filament partitioning,and two improvements on calculating filament inductance and inverting the global admittance matrix,complex structures of multilayered interconnects can be handled very well.While preserving good accuracy,the presented method exhibits about 100x speed-up over the FastHenry for some actual examples.关键词：3-D VLSI interconnect;extraction of inductance and resistance;K element;high frequency;the window technique2|844|2更新时间：2025-07-16 - 摘要：To broaden and deepen the optimization of resource-allocating balance for workflow,method based on directed hypergraph was presented.This method considered the interaction of the changes between the supporting resource and the process structure.The process was modelfed by directed hypergraph.The properties of hypergraph and coupled relationship of activity's capability requirement with the capability of resource were used to regulate how process structure changed with the change of resource redistribution.The workflow-resource allocating question was transformed into finding the shortest path in a weighted hypergraph:DHM-WRAB(DHM-WRAB,Directed Hypergraph Model used for Workflow Resource Allocation Balancing) constructed by different structures of processes.The problem solving process was given too.At last,an example was given to prove the feasibility and validity of this method.关键词：workflow;resource allocation;process reengineering;directed hypergraph2|1025|8更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：The Directed Acyclic Graph(DAG) scheduling algorithm,based on time-constrained and minimum-cost in grid environment,applies economic law to map the running tasks of grid users into grid resources.The proposed algorithm overcomes the deficiency of Buyya R's algorithm,which is not concerned with priority relationship between running tasks.It is highlighted in two key techniques:one is that the extraction of valid paths from DAG can effectively locate tasks in specific resources during specific periods;the other one is that tasks should be mapped into cheap resources so that they can be run as much as possible with the restriction of job-running time.A simulative example based on the algorithm is also provided to analyse the characteristics of the algorithm.关键词：grid scheduling;directed acyclic graph;cost-time optimization2|1011|11更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：Software architecture(SA) acts as blueprint and skeleton of software.It's an availability approach for people to grasp whole macroscopical architecture and evolution of software based on SA.Firstly,for aim of static evolution of SA,SA relation matrix and reachability matrix are created.Depending on matrix shift & calculation,ripple effect of SA evolution can be analyzed and its quantity can be ascertained.At the same time,an approach for calculating relative quantity of component effect is shown.Secondly,for aim of dynamic evolution of SA,SA dynamic semantic network model is described,convergence condition of soak process in this SA dynamic semantic network model is addressed.A concept of atomic filtration of adjacency matrix is put forward,so SA dynamic evolution is expressed by a series of continuous atomic filtrations of adjacency matrix.An analysis framework of ripple effect of SA evolution based on two of levels is proposed.All are credible foundation to manage,control,utilize,value SA evolution,and describe SA evolution with quantity.关键词：software architecture;evolution;reachability matrix;ripple effect;soak2|1287|11更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：Ensemble learning has become one of research fields of machine learning,it dramatically improves generalization performance of classifier.After analyzing ensemble approach to both Bagging and Adaboost,we point out their some flaws.Then we present a novel approach to neural network ensemble,called DBNNE below.In this method,a diverse data set is generated to increase ensemble diversity.Moreover,to ensure high accuracy of ensemble,we test performance of ensemble when a classifier is added to ensemble .Finally,we experiment on ten representative data sets.The results show that DBNNE achieves higher predictive accuracy than Bagging and AdaBoost on small data sets and comparable performance on larger data sets.关键词：neural network;ensemble;small data sets;diversity;generalization2|1081|7更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：Wireless sensor network consisting of a large number of small sensors with low-power transceiver can be an effective tool for gathering data in a variety of environment.The collected data must be transmitted to the base station for further processing.Since a network consists of sensors with limited battery energy,the method for data gathering and routing must be energy efficient in order to prolong the lifetime of the network.LEACH[4] is an elegant energy efficient protocol to maximize the lifetime of sensor network.In this paper,we presented DEED,a distributed energy efficient protocol with data fusion technology.DEED clusters nodes into groups and builds routing tree among cluster heads,among which only the root node communicates the base station directly.Simulation results show that DEED performs far better than LEACH.关键词：Wireless sensor networks;energy-efficient;clustering;distributed2|1391|8更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：It's very important to use a fair and easy implementation distributed mutual exclusion algorithm to ensure the data,logic and time consistency of a distributed system.Except the Lamport,RA and N0.63 algorithm,all the other distributed mutual exclusion algorithms brought forward formerly are fair only when the number of the system sites is peculiarly related on the sites number of the quorum.It's not fair in most instances.And there are some contradiction in synchronization time,message complexity and fault tolerance.A new distributed mutual exclusion algorithm has been proposed that is based on cyclic coding in this paper.This algorithm can reduce the message complexity to O(2 N ) and is fair to any scale distributed system.And the synchronization time has been reduced to T and the fault sites tolerance can be N-1.关键词：cyclic coding;distributed;mutual exclusion2|1097|6更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：As an important phenomenon of outdoor scene,atmospheric degradation was paid increasingly attention in the field of both computer vision and computer graphics.This paper discusses the conversion between the color triple and the spectrum,the sky model,and the rendering method of atmospheric effect.Building on an extended path tracer,this paper describes an integrated rendering framework of atmospheric degradation.Also in the experiment part,this paper puts forward the rendering results of sky and the foggy outdoor scene.关键词：sky model;spectrum-based rendering;atmospheric effect;path tracing2|1155|3更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：CA (certificate authority) is an important component in PKI (Public Key Infrastructure),and its main task is to issue and sign digital certificates that can identify different users.When the private key of a CA is compromised,all the certificates that are issued by this CA would be revoked.So,keeping the private key secret is the core of the whole PKI security.The secure managing scheme for protecting the private key of a CA recommended in this article is based on threshold cryptography.By storing the private key of a CA in more than one components and by ensuring that any component of the CA is unable to reconstruct the private key,this scheme makes sure that even if some components are compromised or some system administrators betray the private key of the CA would not be leaked and the CA can still work normally in the process of generating,distributing and using the private key.关键词：CA(certificate authority);key management;intrusion tolerant2|756|4更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：The estimation problem of downlink frequency-selective fading multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless channels is investigated for the combination of the multicarrier (MC) technique with the vertical Bell Labs layered space-time (V-BLAST) architecture,i.e.,the MC V-BLAST system.One novel shift-invariance coding scheme is firstly proposed for the MC V-BLAST system.By exploiting the induced shift-invariance property,one blind estimation method of downlink frequency-selective fading MIMO wireless channels is further derived.Simulations demonstrate the validity of the shift-invariance coding scheme and the channels blind estimation method.关键词：V-BLAST;multicarrier;frequency-selective fading;channels blind estimation;shift-invariance coding2|698|0更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：Resource management and task scheduling under Grid environment is a current hot research topic,OGSA (Open Grid Service Architecture) architecture of Grid defines all the resource as service,but it lacks the formal description to QoS of the Grid application.We extend the OGSA architecture and present price timed Petri net concept so the users of Grid can define their applications' QoS requirement using the price timed Petri net model.We also analyse the model's safety,reachability and gives the algorithm to compute the application's total time and total budget.关键词：grid service analysis;user application modeling;grid service QoS;Petri nets2|1106|18更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：Motion compensation and prediction using deformable block matching algorithm (DBMA) is discussed.This paper proposes a nodal search-based DBMA (NS-DBMA) for the estimation of nodal displacement.The sub-pixel accuracy prediction and two-mode hybrid method are further proposed.Experimental results show that the NS-DBMA have about 2dB better than exhaustive block matching algorithm (EBMA).NS-DBMA has only half computation amount of the gradient-based search algorithm (GB-DBMA) but gets better subjective and objective quality,and is much easier to implement by VLSI.关键词：motion compensation;deformable block matching algorithm;nodal search algorithm2|1061|1更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：The paper proposes and proves three theorems of location reference point placement based on the analysis of the location error produced when an unknown node is located using the multilateral localization method.Therefore the location error can be reduced through purposive placement of the reference points in the ubiquitous computing environment.The location reference point selection algorithm is proposed.This algorithm bases on the relative position of reference points and selects the optimum reference points to locate the unknown node.The simulation experiment results indicate that the location reference point placement theorems & selection algorithm can meet the requirement of mobile node's real-time location in the ubiquitous computing environments and possesses the preferable location precision.关键词：ubiquitous computing;locating service;reference point;reference point selection algorithm;location error2|860|3更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：Effective multicast congestion control mechanism is urgently needed with the deployment of multimedia multicast applications in Internet.Layered multicast is considered to be an efficient approach to cope with the network heterogeneity.Receiver-driven layered multicast schemes have many disadvantages,such as large congestion response delay,unstable throughput and unfriendly bandwidth sharing with TCP.A novel congestion control scheme for layered multicast,called Hop-by-Hop TCP-friendly Congestion Control for Layered Multicast based on Active Network scheme (HTLMA),is proposed through introducing active label layering,hop-by-hop detecting TCP-friendly available bandwidth and active rate control mechanisms.Simulation results show that HTLMA is more responsive,more stable and TCP-friendly,and can improve the performance of layered multicast congestion control effectively.关键词：active network;layered multicast;congestion control;active layered multicast2|1172|1更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：It was recalled to the experimental results about TCR for monocrystal silicon as well as diffused silicon,and confirmed that the TCR curves for monocrystal silicon published in ASTM is complete and definite.They can be expressed as polynomials with five orders by using the normalized match,developed by us.After they were reserved in computer of the automatic measurement system with the four-point probe positioning function,relying on the graphic recognition,the profile of resistivity,reduced to that of 23℃,in the cross-section of slices can be immediately obtained.The principle of this normalized matching method and the obtained results of TCR for crystal silicon are presented in this paper.2|1408|1更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：This paper presents a generalized predictive adaptive optimization control algorithm with the property of a time-varying forgetting factor recursive extended RLS-RELS weighted.It solves the problem that parameters estimation will become slow when the control parameters and noise are tightly coupled in the model feedback correction.Through on-line recursive estimating parameters,the systematic stability is improved.In the process of optimization control,a simple convergent recursive algorithm is given.It avoids matrix calculation,improves efficiency and precision,and enhances the robustness.The simulation result shows that this algorithm excels traditional GPC algorithm.关键词：rbustness;feedback correction;parameters estimation;generalized2|954|4更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：The paper uses a wavelet of edge detection on image fusion.The wavelet constructed by B-spline function is appropriate for edge detection and used for image decomposition in two vertical directions.And then fuse image by the rule which compares coefficients of waveltet transform or compares edge of images.The result of experiment shows the quality of fusion image based on wavelet of edge detection precedes typical wavelets.Also try using edge's pixels only to fuse image and find the quality of fusion image is acceptable,but the number of joining pixels reduces greatly.This method may apply to some image fusion that requires data compression or less storage.关键词：image fusion;b-spile wavelet;edge extraction2|1507|4更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：Elliptic curve cryptosystem is the focus of public cryptology nowadays,for it has many advantages which the RSA lacks.In this paper,a new elliptic curve scalar multiplication algorithm is proposed.The algorithm uses the Frobenius map on optimal extension field (OEF) and the logic operations of binary strings.Based on this algorithm,a new method of computing scalar multiplication of elliptic curve over an OEF is presented.The accurate analysis about it is given.The comparisons of traditional method and the new method are presented.The running time of new method is about 60%~80% of that of the traditional φ-adic scalar multiplication algorithms of elliptic curve over OEF.关键词：cryptology;elliptic curve;optimal extension field;Frobenius;scalar multiplication2|804|2更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：A new algorithm for JPEG2000 rate control is proposed.Code streams truncation can be fulfilled adaptively in code-block coding.The number of significant bit-planes for the code blocks in the un-analyzed subbands can be predicted using those in the analyzed subbands.Our rate control scheme could allocate the rate for the current code block based on the number of coding passes and the weights of wavelet/quantification.And the VLSI architecture including two steps rate control for JPEG2000 was proposed.Firstly the coding procession is interrupted real time through our scheme.And then code streams are truncated using PCRD optimum algorithm at a low bit-rate.The most code streams and code passes are truncated before searching the optimum truncation points,thus lead to less working memory and higher speed.At low bit-rates,the image quality using our architecture is the same as that using the method JPEG2000 provided.关键词：rate control;truncation;coding pass;significant bit-plane;VLSI2|2143|6更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：This paper describes a new analytical method of tuning curves of a LC-tank voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) with period calculation technique.In traditional analysis method,the harmonic approximation is employed,and an effective capacitance of varactors during one period is calculated by the large-signal nonlinear analysis.However,the oscillator tuning curve derived from the effective capacitance is inaccurate,and complex if higher order harmonics could not be neglected.In this paper a novel convenient method of calculating oscillating period is proposed.With this period calculation technique,the prediction of oscillator tuning curves is more accurate compared with the traditional harmonic approximation.The theoretical analyses are experimentally validated with a CMOS complementary LC-tank VCO implemented in 0.35μm 2P4M CMOS process.关键词：MOS varactor;LC tank;voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO);accumulation MOS;oscillator tuning curve (OTC)5|1255|0更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：Based on Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA ) system,under the conditions of perfect power control and imperfect power control,the solution of multilevel operation admission region was proposed for the first time.The admission region can be formed to tabulation by the method.In real-time communications,check the tabulations in order to make the admission decision for a new user.关键词：signal processing;code division multiple access;Quality of Service2|739|0更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：Based on perfect sequences and unitary matrices,Matsufuji and Torii et al.propose new methods for constructing ZCZ sequence sets.In this paper,we propose a new method which is an improvement of their methods.The proposed method can be used to construct ZCZ sequence sets with wider range of available periods and width.Furthermore,some new ZCZ sequence sets are obtained by our method.关键词：QS-CDMA system;zero-correlation zone (ZCZ) sequence sets;perfect sequences;unitary matrix2|895|4更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：Request-based Object Consistency Algorithm for Content Distribution Network (CDN)-ROCA was proposed to download modified object from web server by polling web server in Time-to-Refresh (TTR) interval.In order to make refresh interval more accurate,Object Fuzzy Clustering Algorithm (OFCA) was introduced to find commonness among objects and to optimize ROCA.OFCA adopted concept hierarchy to describe object name property,as well as heuristic method to find initial class mode.Trace-driven experiments show that the TTR value obtained by ROCA is according to object modification,and fuzzy clustering algorithm can improve ROCA remarkably.关键词：content distribution network (CDN);object consistency;fuzzy clustering algorithm;concept hierarchy2|987|2更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：Original SOI FinFET was considered as the best candidate among various non-classic MOS structures.This paper firstly built a FinFET structure on normal bulk-Si substrate by a reasonable design.The SCE of FinFET fabricated on the non-insulating substrate was suppressed greatly for the existing of a grooved planar device by parallel connection.In addition,this new structure provided more process space than original SOI FinFET.The devices,which were fabricated with a standard CMOS process,showed a good performance and were integrated into a small-scale circuit successfully.The results demonstrated that bulk-Si FinFET was a good solution for future VLSI.关键词：finFET;bulk-si;grooved device;novel structure;CMOS2|2477|1更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：Three efficient FSBM motion estimation systolic array architectures for search rangeP=KN(K≥1),P=N/2 and P=N,and are proposed in this paper,based on mapping the standard six-level nested Do-loop FSBM algorithm into a two-level nested Do-loop algorithm equivalently.These new architectures not only support frame-level pipelined operation,but also achieve nearly 100% processor utilization,require much fewer input pin count and hardware overhead.As such,these architectures offer a feasible solution for Digital TV and HDTV video picture format.关键词：full-search block-matching algorithm;systolic array;motion estimation;VLSI architecture2|910|1更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：A 1GHz monolithic high spectrum purity fractional-N frequency synthesizer with a 3-b third-order modulator is implemented.A combined tuning technique of analog tuning and digital tuning is used to improve the phase noise of the frequency synthesizer.The power supply configuration is optimized to reduce the supply noise coupling,to improve the linearity of PFD and to increase the tuning range of the VCO.The on-chip VCO with a small gain utilizes the tail current source filtering technique to achieve a low phase noise,but it still keeps 100MHz tuning range due to the introduction of the on-chip digital controlled switched capacitor array.The frequency synthesizer has been integrated on one chip in 0.18μm CMOS process,the simulated results show the frequency synthesizer has a 14kHz loop bandwidth and a high spectrum purity,the maximum in-band phase noise is -106dBc/Hz,the phase noise is lower than -120dBc/Hz at 100kHz offset,and the frequency synthesizer has a fast settling time which is about 160μs.关键词：Δ∑modulator;frequency synthesizer;VCO;PLL2|1308|2更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：Transitive signature was first introduced by Micali and Rivest in 2002 to meet the need of certain applications like signing a chain of command,a chain of certificate or transitive binary relations.Unfortunately,all the transitive signature schemes available are undirected ones and can only be used in the case of equivalence relation.The problem of finding a directed transitive signature scheme remains a very interesting open problem.In this paper,an efficient total ordering directed transitive signature scheme is proposed and its security against adaptive chosen-message attack is proved.In the proposed scheme,the part βuv of signature is limited from 0 to q/2 to prevent an adversary from forging (v,u)'s signature with the knowledge of (u,v)'s signature,and thus achieve the directed property.A solution for signing any directed transitive binary relation is presented by combining the proposed scheme with the undirected transitive signature schemes available.关键词：digital signature;transitive signature;directed transitive signature;order relation2|1068|6更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：The authors discussed the mutual mechanism between immune and neural networks.In terms of the cluster particularity of neural network,they built up a new security model—modular immune neural network,then classified and handled its original and input data with it,and constructed three algorithms from their mutual mechanisms,which forms a homeostic,auto-adaptable and distributed model.关键词：topology structure;data classification;mutual mechanisms;character analysis2|888|2更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：Band pass filters of PBG(photonic band-gap) structures were analyzed based on the transmission line theory in this paper,and a novel K band dual-mode band-pass filter was designed and simulated by using this theoretical analysis.Due to their unique stop bands characteristics and slow-wave effects,PBG structures exhibit good suppression of high order harmonics and reduce geometrical size of circuits system to meet the requirement of miniaturization.A good agreement between the experiment and simulation(with Ansoft's Ensemble software) results had been achieved.The center pass-band frequency of this filter is 25.2 GHz,and insertion loss is less than -4.5dB.Its-3dB band width is 1.8GHz about 7% of center frequency.关键词：Photonic band gap (PBG);band-pass filter;microstrip circuits2|999|2更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：Using a D-FF,phase comparator and VCO,the authors produced a 10.709 Gbit/s CDR based on PLL.The operating frequency of the CDR can be set within 9.5~11GHz,the lock bandwidth Δf is about 110 MHz,the amplitude of input signal VINp-p is 80~1600mV,the amplitude of output data VD-p-p is about 900mV,the jitter RMS of output data JD-p-p is 1.5~1.6ps and the peak-to-peak jitter of output data JD-p-p is 7~8ps.2|1024|1更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：Based on a recent band structure calculation,the electron transport properties in Nitrogen-doped 4H-SiC were investigated by an ensemble Monte Carlo technique with a single nonparabolic band model.The results show that at lower doping concentration,neutral impurity scattering has little influence on the electron mobility perpendicular to the principal c axis.With increasing doping concentration,the impact of neutral impurity scattering becomes more significant.However the contribution of neutral impurity scattering to the total mobility is becoming smaller with increasing temperature at higher doping concentration.4H-SiC has a higher electron mobility with much less pronounced anisotropy.At 296K,the saturation velocity for transport perpendicular to the c axis given by the model is 2.18×107cm/s.The peak transient velocity at high step electric field such as 1000KV/cm is 3.3×107 cm/s when the electric field E is applied perpendicular to the c axis.The response time is only in deep subpicoseconds.The simulation results are in excellent agreement with physical measurements.关键词：4H-SiC;Monte Carlo study;neutral impurity scattering;saturation velocity2|1062|0更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：Different Chemical Mechanical Polishing (CMP) slurries are used to obtain single-damascene Cu-wires with different surface fluctuations as well as pre-existing surface-defects in the lines with rougher surface.The presence of such pre-existing defects strongly increases the rate of early failures up to almost 100%,reduces electromigration lifetime rapidly to the level of early failures,and changes the multimodal failure distribution into monomodal.The activation energy (0.74±0.02 eV) for the failure mechanism associated with these pre-existing defects confirms a dominant surface diffusion.We show how a Weakest Link Approximation analysis can be applied to single lines by dividing the lines into relevant segments and assigning different failure mechanisms to the various segments.The analysis confirms that,although surface-defects are not the fastest early failure mechanism,the 1-magnitude higher surface-defect-density in the rougher lines is responsible for the observed high early-failure rate and poor reliability performance.2|1143|2更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：The paper mainly studies the reliability of multi-layer intercnonections,vias and thick-film resistors in Multi-chip Module-Ceramic(MCM-C) substrates.Temperature stress and voltage stress are used to accelerate the life test.The results show that when the temperature is under 180℃,the failure of metal lines plays a much more important role than the failure of film resistors;but when it's over 180℃,the failure of film resistors will also be important.The paper also calculated the lifetime and accelerating coefficient of metal lines and thick-film resistors.关键词：MCM;interconnection;thick-film resistors;accelerated life test2|867|0更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：The basic requirements of joint decision-making are fairness and transparency.In this paper,combined with commercial background,a joint decision-making policy and scheme for groups with members having different superiorities is proposed by using Paillier public key cryptosystem with homeostasis quality based on threshold technique.The newly presented threshold scheme is also proved and examined.关键词：joint decision-making;meta-permission;paillier public-key cryptosystem;threshold cryptosystem2|933|1更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：Maximum Likelihood Estimator (MLE) has been shown to be the best performance in parameter estimation.However,the computation burden of MLE is very lagre.In order to resolve the question of computation burden,Monte Carlo methods are combined with maximum likelihood DOA estimator.A novel Maximum Likelihood DOA Estimator based on Importance Sampling (ISMLE) is proposed.ISMLE not only keeps the excellent performance of the original MLE,but also reduces the computation greatly,from the computational complexity O(LK) of original method to O(K×H).关键词：DOA estimation;maximum likelihood estimator;Monte Carlo;importance sampling;computational complexity2|1130|1更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：A new algorithm of deconvolution via window convolution operation is proposed,and the algorithm can solve the ill-posed problem occurring in deconvolution via circular convolution.In addition,the estimation error,the calculating amounts and the occupied memory of the three algorithms of deconvolution that include circular convolution,linear convolution and window convolution are also discussed and compared.The results show that factors of the new algorithm are the smallest.关键词：window convolution;convolution;deconvolution;error;ill-posed problem2|1173|1更新时间：2025-07-16
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