最新刊期

    37 4 2009
    • Vol. 37, Issue 4, Pages: 673-677(2009)
      摘要:The 4×4 integer transforms are adopted in the H.264/AVC standard. In this paper,two novel 2-D direct signal flow graphs of the 4×4 forward and inverse transforms for H.264 are proposed.A high-performance reconfigurable 2-D architecture without using transpose memory for the multiple transforms is proposed on the basis of the new SFGs.Our design is implemented with 0.18um CMOS technology.The proposed design is more efficient than the existing typical designs.Compared with the ASIC realization having 3 single transform architectures,the reconfigurable architecture obtains a large scaled area reduction (61.1%) with only a small efficiency decrease (14.4%).Under a clock frequency of 100 Mhz,the architecture allows the real-time processing of 4096×2048 at 60fps.  
      关键词:reconfigurable architecture;integer transform;signal flow graph;H.264   
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    • Vol. 37, Issue 4, Pages: 678-683(2009)
      摘要:Cognitive radio technology has been considered in order to improve the utilization of licensed spectrum and solve the problem that less and less frequency resources are available for future wireless applications.This paper looks into the opportunistic spectrum access of multiple secondary users.In distributed cognitive radio networks,the general periodic sensing method leads to a low throughput.In this paper,we present an efficient cooperation opportunistic spectrum access scheme.The best and worst cooperation situations are analyzed,and the theoretical results of the throughput in each situation are deduced.Simulations and comparisons validated theoretical results,and the throughput of each member in the cooperation group and the system throughput are improved by cooperation.  
        
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    • A Dual-LRU Based Algorithm for Identifying and Measuring Large Flows

      Vol. 37, Issue 4, Pages: 684-691(2009)
      摘要:Identifying large flows promptly and accurately is important for network measurement,network control and network management.This paper presents a new algorithm based on Dual-LRU mechanism and analyzes the relationship between the parameters and the average error.The proposed algorithm utilizes another LRU to filter the small flows and improve the accuracy of large flow identifications.An analysis demonstrates that the new algorithm can support the 10Gbps line-speed processing.Experiments are also conducted based on real network traces.Results show that the proposed algorithm is more accurate and practicable than existing algorithms.  
      关键词:traffic measurement;large flows;least recently used (LRU);dual-LRU   
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    • Vol. 37, Issue 4, Pages: 692-695(2009)
      摘要:Periodic sequences with good correlation properties have important applications in various areas of engineering.Almost perfect binary sequence pair is a kind of periodic correlation signal,which exhibits zero out-of-phase autocorrelation except one value.In order to do further research on almost perfect binary sequence pair,a new block design(divisible difference set pair)is presented.The properties of divisible difference set pair are studied.The equivalent relationship between almost perfect binary sequence pair and the new block design is given.Several admissibility conditions for almost perfect binary sequence pair are presented,which can improve the searching efficiency.Theoretical basis for using divisible difference set pair to study almost perfect binary sequence pair is proved.  
      关键词:Signal design;block design;divisible difference set pairs;almost perfect binary sequence pair   
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    • Vol. 37, Issue 4, Pages: 701-705(2009)
      摘要:Currently,the problem of dynamic analysis of malicious code (or malware) is that only a single execution path is observed.It is potential to miss a significant fraction of the behavior that a program might exhibit under varying circumstances.To mitigate this problem,a number of analysis tools by way of exploring multiple execution paths have been proposed.In this paper,we propose a system by exploring multiple execution paths for malware analysis based on coverage of codes that can reduce the times of some paths explored and improve the analysis efficiency and increase the coverage of the malware by way of labeling control flow decision points (branching points).We evaluated our system on a large number of typical malware samples and demonstrate that we are able to reduce the time of analysis and improve the efficiency of analysis and increase the code coverage.  
      关键词:malicious code;dynamic analysis;exploring multiple execution paths;code coverage   
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    • An Index Structure Model for Mobility Management of Universal Networks

      Vol. 37, Issue 4, Pages: 706-712(2009)
      摘要:Developing a general mobility management model is an important requirement for the universal mobile networks.In this paper,by analyzing mobility effects and support mechanisms in heterogeneous networks,we present a conceptual explanation of mobility management layer for mobility and its management.An index structure model is proposed to characterize mobility management schemes.In our model,we construct the basic elements of management mechanisms,i.e.node and edge,and define the main operations,namely,update operation and query operation.We indicate that the proposed model is flexible in its elements and parameters,and could be applied for many scenarios.Using the index structure model,we describe and analyze the mobility management solution of universal networks.The analysis results show that the deployment and query scheme appears important to design an efficient mobility support scheme for the universal networks.  
      关键词:mobility management;index structure;new network architecture;universal network   
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    • Ontology Based Model Integration

      Vol. 37, Issue 4, Pages: 713-719(2009)
      摘要:Model plays very important role in Decision Support System(DSS).How to integrate models and improve models collaboration have always been the key research spot in DSS field.Model parameters' representation and matching are the core problems in model integration Due to the difficulties in describing the semantic of the input,output parameters,the intelligence,extensibility,openness and understanding of automatic model integration are not satisfied and need to be improved.An ontology-based program-logic-mix(PLM)model representation is proposed,which is easily-implemented,reasoning-supported,has high openness and extensibility.Ontology is used to describe the semantics of parameters.Based on this semantic match,model integration strategies are designed to create understandable decision problem solutions.Formal definition of model integration is given and relevant theorems are proved.  
      关键词:decision support system(DSS);model integration;model representation;ontology   
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    • Research on Network Performance Based on Stackelberg Game Model

      Vol. 37, Issue 4, Pages: 720-725(2009)
      摘要:Through studying the topology of multi-local-world model,in this paper Stackelberg game theory is applied to flow controlling in network and Stackelberg game model based on network topology is built.In this model,we first analyze the existence of Nash equilibrium,then obtained the best line price and flux under the Nash equilibrium state,get a quantitative description of the network’s best running.Finally,we Analysis of the effect of network topology parameters on the best run state and study network evolutive characteristic caused by the network topology changing.  
      关键词:multi-local-world model(MLWM);network topology;Stackelberg game;nash equilibrium;flow control   
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    • Vol. 37, Issue 4, Pages: 726-732(2009)
      摘要:This paper,based on the application background of MANET accessing Internet,with a view to the crucial function of dynamic gateway in network accessing,proposed a new three-layer programming model for placement and selection dynamic gateways.A decision node,which has coordination control function,was introduced into the model,and was used to harmonize the utilization of gateways and routes.The three layers make decisions interactively to mediate the relationship between the network overall benefit and the node local interests.The model,as the basis of the gateway configuration,optimized the placement of the gateway.The simulation results indicate that the performance of delay,overhead and throughput has promoted after the model was introduced,which validates the validity of the model.  
      关键词:program;MANET;accessing network;dynamic gateway;placement   
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    • Vol. 37, Issue 4, Pages: 733-738(2009)
      摘要:Focusing on scene categorization,we presented a method based on Gaussian statistic model.Without feature hand-annotation for scene category,we can use unsupervised clustering and parameter estimation in Gaussian model to build corresponding probabilistic relations between scene labelling semantics and "textons" information.The experiments reveal that the proposed method performs more efficiently than other supervised ones and has the quite approximate results with complex hierarchical models.At the same time,we also studied constraint mechanism for object analysis primarily.Finally,we can draw conclusions that scene information provide efficient prior knowledge for object analysis by experiments.With constraints on possibilities of the object appearance in different scenes,object accuracy can be improved.  
      关键词:scene categorization;Gaussian statistical model;parameter estimation;constraint mechanism;object analysis   
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    • Vol. 37, Issue 4, Pages: 739-743(2009)
      摘要:To solve the "soft-field" nature and the ill-posed problem in electrical capacitance tomography technology,a novel image reconstruction algorithm for electrical capacitance tomography is presented. According to the characteristic of the inverse problems of ECT the Gauss-Newton algorithm is improved on the basis of analyzing mechanism of the algorithm,and the stabilization of the algorithm is proved via singular value decomposition principle.The feasibility of using this algorithm for ECT problems is also discussed.It shows that it is easy to meet the convergence condition and error of image reconstruction is small.Experimental results and simulation data indicate that the algorithm can provide high quality images and favorable stabilization compared with LBP,Landweber and conjugate gradient algorithms and this new algorithm presents a feasible and effective way to research on image reconstruction algorithm for Electrical Capacitance Tomography System.  
      关键词:electrical capacitance tomography;image reconstruction;iterative algorithm;Gauss-Newton   
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    • Vol. 37, Issue 4, Pages: 744-749(2009)
      摘要:Bayesian approach,or MAP (maximum a posteriori) method,has been accepted as an effective solution to overcome the ill-posed problem of image reconstruction.Based on Bayesian theory,a prior information of the objective image is imposed on image reconstruction to suppress noise.However,the information from most prior model is from a simple weighted differences of the pixel intensities in a small local neighborhood,thus can only provide limit prior information for Bayesian Reconstruction.In this article,a novel nonlocal MRF (Markov Random Fields) prior with convex prior energy function,which is able to exploit global information in image by choosing large neighborhood and a new weighting strategy.Iterative algorithm for Bayesian reconstruction using the proposed nonlocal prior is also given.Experiments about the proposed prior’s application in PET (Positron Emission Tomography) reconstruction are illustrated.Experimental results and comparisons with other priors proved the proposed prior’s good performance in both lowering noise effect and preserving edges.  
        
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    • Vol. 37, Issue 4, Pages: 750-752(2009)
      摘要:In this paper,a multi-level and adaptive dual-threshold segmentation algorithm is presented.According to the transcendental knowledge,the method quicken the most information entropy dual-threshold segmentation algorithm by setting the least and most frequency of target.At the same time,each segmented target was evaluated by caculateing relative characters and using BP network.Then according to the result,multi-level segmentation was implemented by amending target area and introduing multi-level iteration mechanism.The experiment result show that the algorithm greatly improve the effect of the image segmentation and make algorithm more all-purpose strengthen and more allurate,but the algorithm complexity increases.  
      关键词:adaptive dual threshold segmentation;segmentation evaluation;multi-level iteration;BP network   
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    • Manifold Learning Based Gait Recognition Using Gabor Phase Spectrum

      Vol. 37, Issue 4, Pages: 753-757(2009)
      摘要:This paper describes an effective gait recognition approach based on Gait Energy Image (GEI) representation.Synthetic GEI samples are first created to address the problem of lacking training data.Then the Gabor phase spectrum of GEI which was ignored in the previous works is utilized as the input feature,and it is subsequently projected into a low-dimensional space by using manifold learning algorithm Locality Preserving Projection.The proposed method is tested on the USF HumanID Database.The results show that our approach outperforms other state of the art automatic algorithms in terms of recognition accuracy.  
      关键词:gait recognition;synthetic GEI;gabor phase spectrum;locality preserving projection   
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    • Vol. 37, Issue 4, Pages: 758-763(2009)
      摘要:Under the constrains of dynamic changes in environment and limited space in group,fish can avoid the obstacles and keep the coherent of the fish-group smartly,with their inherent capability to locomotion and perception.To simulate the fish behavioral action and find a new way to construct computer animation characters in cognitive perspective,a distributed behavior-model is established,a random search algorithm based on constrains satisfying is proposed,and the artificial fish’s collaborative behaviors by interacting with each other are simulated.The validity of this work is proved by the reality of the artificial fish’s behavior route selection in the 3D computer animation.  
      关键词:computer animation character(artificial fish);behavioral route selection;agent’s collaborative decision;constrain satisfying search algorithm   
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    • Vol. 37, Issue 4, Pages: 764-770(2009)
      摘要:A new approach of non-contact real-time gaze-tracking which is applied to single camera is proposed,and an example system is implemented.An Adaptive Real-time Gaze-direction Calculating Method for Head-movements(ARGCMH)is utilized to promote the adaptability of gaze-tracking.The calculating method is composed of three computing models and a decision algorithm.And the decision algorithm harmonizes the three models to make the gaze-tracking be adaptable to head-movements in a certain area and to maintain the tracking accuracy and frequency in an appropriate range.Main performances of the system are measured.An application embodies the applicable potential of the gaze-tracking system.  
      关键词:gaze-tracking;machine vision;human-computer interaction   
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    • A Human Movement Detection Algorithm on Mobile Phone Platform

      Vol. 37, Issue 4, Pages: 771-775(2009)
      摘要:A rapid human movement detection algorithm aiming to solve the problem of low computing power and limited memory of smart phone is proposed in this paper.When the background light changes slowly,the background upgrating method is used to extract the moving object,while another method is designed when light changes dramatically.After the moving object is extracted,a human detection algorithm is designed to identify whether the object is a human body based on the difference of background and frames,which can be used in supervision system.The experimental results show that this algorithm can effectively detect human object regardless of light changes.  
      关键词:moving object detection;human detection;light changes   
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    • Vol. 37, Issue 4, Pages: 776-779(2009)
      摘要:In the text-independent speaker verification,the normalization algorithm can adjust the score distribution.The previous test scores can be used to update the parameters of the normalization,which is defined as unsupervised score normalization in this paper.The scores distributions of the target and impostor in the development corpus are set up as a prior,and the parameters of normalization are updated using the maximum a posterior(MAP)algorithm in each test process.In the NIST 2006 speaker recognition evaluation(SRE)1conv4w-1conv4w corpus,the equal error rate(EER)of the system based on the factor analysis and unsupervised score normalization is 5.26%.  
      关键词:speaker verification;joint factor analysis;unsupervised score normalization   
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    • Vol. 37, Issue 4, Pages: 780-785(2009)
      摘要:Artificial immune algorithm is proven to be efficient for intrusion detection.By using vaccination and niching strategy,a novel dynamic intrusion detection model based on immune evolution is designed.A scheme for vaccine obtainment and vaccination is also proposed in this paper.By using vaccination operator,the model can pass excellent gene to the offspring.By applying niching strategy,the proposed model guarantees the feasibility of the vaccine obtaining and vaccination,whilst obtaining faster convergence rate and maintaining the multiformity of antibody.The experimental results show its feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.  
      关键词:intrusion detection;artificial immunity;vaccine;niching strategy   
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    • Framework of Concurrent Analog-Cell

      Vol. 37, Issue 4, Pages: 786-791(2009)
      摘要:Analog-Cell represents gene expression at the molecule level.It provides abundant image information.We carried out investigations on concurrent semantic analysis of Analog-Cell in this paper.We introduced concurrent constraint theory into Analog-Cell and presented a framework of concurrent electronic cell model.We designed a quantitative stochastic control mechanism,which was based on the study of stochastic concurrent constraint programming.It is capable of avoiding the random system mistakes and improving the performance efficiency of Analog-Cell.Based on non-deterministic temporal concurrent constraint theory,we presented an algorithm model to simulate the initiation of transcription.Last but not least,we proposed an algorithm to simulate whole transcription process.  
      关键词:electronic cell;concurrent constraint programming;biological modeling   
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    • Vol. 37, Issue 4, Pages: 792-797(2009)
      摘要:Morphological filter is a kind of non-linear filter.Based on the erosion and dilation operations a class of generalized open maximum and close minimum morphological filter is constructed by using multiple structuring elements in this paper.These filters possess some important properties such as translation invariance、duality、increasing and so on.In order to verify its effectiveness,we simulated against different noise with generalized open maximum and close minimum morphological filters.The simulation results obtained from computer calculation show that these filters can preserve the geometrical features and edges of the image when they suppress noise in the image and their speed is faster than that of traditional multiple structuring elements morphological filters.The stronger the noise becomes the stronger its noise-suppressing becomes.  
      关键词:image processing;non-filter;multiple structuring elements;morphological filters   
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    • Vol. 37, Issue 4, Pages: 798-803(2009)
      摘要:Global K-exponential tracking controllers are constructed for the tracking control problems of Nonholonomic systems in chained-form whose reference targets are allowed to converge to a point exponentially.First,a novel coordinate transformation is introduced to convert the tracking problems into a stabilization problem of dilated error systems;then by using methods of cascaded systems,the stabilization problem is converted into two stabilization problems of simple subsystems.Different to the author’s previous results which require that the part of not converging to zero exponentially in reference signals converges to a nonzero constant,this paper has relaxed the existence of the above nonzero constant with the help of linear matrix inequality in the design of subsystems and proved that the previous results are special case of this paper.Conclusions obtained show that the condition not converging to zero or persistent excitation is not necessary in the tracking control problems of nonholonomic chained-form systems.Simulations using Matlab validate the effectiveness of the present methodology.  
      关键词:tracking control;chained form systems;linear matrix inequality;cascade control;universal control law   
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    • Deriving All Minimal Conflict Sets Using Satisfiability Algorithms

      Vol. 37, Issue 4, Pages: 804-810(2009)
      摘要:An important step in model-based diagnosis is to derive all minimal conflict sets.In this paper,we propose an approach for judging whether a component set is a conflict set using SAT solvers with some satisfiability algorithms.Firstly the system model and the obtained observations are described in conjunctive normal form.Then all the related clauses of the component set to be considered are extracted,which act as the input of SAT solvers.Hence all the conflict sets can be derived using CSISE-tree or other algorithms combing with a SAT solver.Heuristic strategies are introduced to best suit the input/output structural information of the system.Results show that all the minimal conflict sets can be effectively computed.Besides,the efficiency is greatly improved using heuristic strategies:about 21% and 48% for the average and highest rate respectively.  
      关键词:model-based diagnosis;conflict set;satisfiability;SAT solvers;heuristic   
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    • Development and Prospect of Stochastic Resonance in Signal Processing

      Vol. 37, Issue 4, Pages: 811-818(2009)
      摘要:Noise sometimes can improve the performance of a signal-processing system when nonlinearity,weak signal and noise coexist.The counter-intuitive phenomenon is termed as stochastic resonance.Based on signal detection and estimation,the information-theoretic and biological background of stochastic resonance is introduced in the paper,and its development history,current and future challenges are reviewed in detail.  
      关键词:stochastic resonance;signal detection;signal estimation;nonlinear signal processing;implicit stochastic resonance   
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    • An Improvement CHAN Algorithm Based on TOA Position

      Vol. 37, Issue 4, Pages: 819-822(2009)
      摘要:An improvement CHAN position algorithm based on TOA parameters is proposed in this paper.The first step estimation results can be gotten by using coordinate shift method to eliminate the unknown parameter in the location function.The geographical structure of the base stations and the distances of arrival between base stations and mobile station have the different 'contribution’ degree to position error through the analysis of the error of the first step estimation result.According to the principle that the weight is inverse to the 'contribution’ degree,we propose the method of virtual base station to reduce the total system errors and improve the precise of the position estimation.The simulation results also verify the ability of this method.  
      关键词:wireless location;improvement CHAN algorithm;time-of-arrival(TOA);virtual base station   
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    • Vol. 37, Issue 4, Pages: 823-827(2009)
      摘要:In order to eliminate the signal aliasing of multi-channel Surface Electromyography(SEMG),a new method of SEMG disposal is proposed.This method combines the wavelet transform with the independent component analysis(ICA).By using the noise filtering function of wavelet transform,some noise is removed first from the original SEMG which is used for the input of ICA.Then,the input signals are separated blindly by using Infomax algorithm.Finally,this paper introduces correlation coefficient to show the consistency between the outputs of ICA and the source signals.The experimental results indicate that this method is an effective way to separate source SEMG from aliasing signal.  
      关键词:surface electromyography(SEMG);independent component analysis(ICA);wavelet transform;infomax algorithm;cross-correlation coefficient   
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    • Vol. 37, Issue 4, Pages: 828-832(2009)
      摘要:According to the Fourier diffraction projection theory,the Fourier transform of projection data from multi-band frequency ultrasonic is distributed over complex plane in form of different radius arcs.The idea of multi-band ultrasound diffraction tomography is proposed,and the simulation of algorithm for image reconstruction shows its time shortens about 70% compared with that of single frequency method.Because the Fourier transform of projection data of multi-band diffraction ultrasound tomography spreads much more non-uniform on complex plane than that of single frequency,higher noises are produced in image reconstruction.The principle of total variation translates math model of image restoration into the problem of energy function with TV regularization,and the minimum problem is changed by the principle of variation into the solution of Partial Differential Equations.The reconstruction error of multi-band images with TV is reduced about 50%.  
      关键词:diffraction tomography;Fourier diffraction projection theory;total variation;TV regularization   
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    • Vol. 37, Issue 4, Pages: 833-838(2009)
      摘要:The realization of former Interferometric Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar(InISAR)includes every antenna’s ISAR imaging and interferometry through every antenna’s ISAR images.Unlike the former InISAR imaging method,a new InISAR 3-D image processing method based on joint cross time-frequency distribution is proposed.This method can acquire scatters separation and interferometry at the same time by using joint cross-time-frequency distribution images which are constructed by the signature data acquired from three interferometric antennae,and the cross-term interference in the distribution can then be suppressed efficiently by using Radon transform.The simulation results show that this proposed method is validity with high time frequency resolution for 3-D image reconstruction of both calm moving and maneuvering target.  
      关键词:InISAR 3-D imaging;joint cross-time-frequency distribution;Radon transform;maneuvering target imaging   
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    • Vol. 37, Issue 4, Pages: 839-844(2009)
      摘要:This paper presents a fast algorithm for image super-resolution reconstruction based on the Kronecker product of matrices.In most literatures image super-resolution reconstruction algorithms are based on the observation model.This model contains a decimation matrix and blur matrix which have very large dimension.The two matrices can be represented respectively as the Kronecker product of two small matrices.So the degrading procedure can be accomplished first by the row-wise and then by the column-wise.Based on this decomposition,the original observation model can be transformed to an equivalent one.Further more we prove that the regularization operator can be decomposed by using the same technology.The conjugate-gradient optimization method that uses a matrix as decision variable is used to solve this new model.The proposed algorithm can extremely reduce the storage requirement and time consumption.We provide theoretic results and the simulations show they are valid.  
      关键词:super-resolution reconstruction;kronecker product;observation model;conjugate-gradient   
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    • Vol. 37, Issue 4, Pages: 845-849(2009)
      摘要:As image processing in wavelet domain has been an important part of image processing,it is very important to find an assessment model of image quality that can be used in image processing algorithms based on discrete wavelet transform(DWT).The SSIM(Structural Similarity),an image quality assessment method,is proposed in pixel domain based on structural information,and it has excellent performance of simplicity and well correlation with subjective evaluation.Based on the research of image structural properties in wavelet domain,in this paper we propose an image quality assessment method that is called the Discrete Wavelet Transform based Structural Similarity(DWTSSIM).The result shows that the proposed DWTSSIM correlates well with the judgment of human observers.And it can easily be embedded in image processing algorithms in wavelet domain,to guide or regulate the processing algorithms.  
      关键词:image quality assessment;structural similarity;human visual system(HVS);Discrete Wavelet Transform based Structural Similarity(DWTSSIM)   
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    • Vol. 37, Issue 4, Pages: 850-853(2009)
      摘要:We propose a new small target detection algorithm in forward looking infrared(FLIR)image by combining the morphological image preprocessing and the kernel-based tracking.The opening-by-reconstruction Top-Hat operator is improved to filter the remaining high-level intensity pixels in the background;To enhance the detection probability,we fuse the several beginning frames and detect the candidate targets using thresholdig,then we track all the candidate targets and detect the true targets due to the motion connectivity.The global motion is compensated with the pseudo perspective motion model to avoid eliminating true targets which can not be tracked successfully.Experiment results show the validity of the algorithm.  
      关键词:small target detection;target tracking;morphological reconstruction;marker image;global motion compensation   
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    • Vol. 37, Issue 4, Pages: 854-859(2009)
      摘要:To improve the medical image registration efficiency and accuracy,a new multiresolution analysis,improved circular symmetric multiresolution decomposition is proposed.An annular band-pass filter takes place of the high-pass filter in the circular symmetric multiresolution analysis to reduce the redundancy.All the subbands possess translation- and rotation- invariance.Low-pass subband has noise-removing property and is suitable to image registration based on mutual information.Band-pass subband has more significant structural information,which establishes image fuzzy gradient field and constructs the fuzzy approach degree.A coarse-to-fine procedure is adopted to utilize these features to achieve registration procedure.Experiments demonstrate the good performance of the proposed novel pyramid decomposition.The local extrema can be reduced and these characteristics of combined measures yield more robust and accurate registration results.  
      关键词:image registration;multiresolution analysis;circular symmetric;translation invariance;rotation invariance;fuzzy gradient field;robustness   
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    • Vol. 37, Issue 4, Pages: 860-863(2009)
      摘要:Based on harmonic sinusoidal speech model(HSSM)and through Least Square method for the optical estimation of phase parameters,both batch and an iterative phase estimation algorithms are presented.Using these estimated phase parameters in a wideband speech coding algorithm to emulate and compare with 8.85kbit/s and 6.60kbit/s speech coding algorithm in G.722.2 standard,the simulation results of waveform and subjective/objective test demonstrate that the proposed phase estimation algorithm is accurate and effective.And higher quality synthesized speech can be obtained with these estimated phase parameters in HSSM.  
      关键词:harmonic sinusoidal speech model;phase estimation;least square;iterative algorithm   
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    • Perceiving of Tone in Whispered Chinese Based on Auditory Model

      Vol. 37, Issue 4, Pages: 864-867(2009)
      摘要:Based on the analysis of the response of a peripheral auditory model for speech stimulation,the average firing rate of auditory nerves is chosen as the cue for whispered tone.Thus a method for whispered Chinese tone perceiving is proposed.The underlying principle is based on the fact that auditory nerve is the only source of information for central auditory system and it responds to several types of acoustic stimulus such as intensity,formant,etc.Therefore the average firing rate of auditory nerves is a suitable characteristic for the tone of whispered speech.The BP artificial neural network was trained by these proposed parameters to achieve tone recognition.Experiments are performed on a lot of Chinese whispered speech data and the average correct rate reaches 65.1%,which shows that the proposed method is effective for improving the performance of whispered Chinese tone perceiving.  
      关键词:tone detection;whispered Chinese;auditory model;the average firing rate of auditory nerves   
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    • Research on 3D-STAP Methods in Non-Stationary Clutter

      Vol. 37, Issue 4, Pages: 868-872(2009)
      摘要:The traditional 2-dimensional (2D) space-time adaptive processing (STAP) estimates the clutter statistics at a range cell under test (CUT) from the training data (TD) at adjacent range cells,which submit to independent and identical distributing (IID).However,in some applications (e.g.forward-looking arrays),the clutter spectrum distribution varies as the range (elevation angle) varies,i.e.the clutter statistics has a dependence on range,which is call non-stationary clutter and will degrade the performance of 2D-STAP.This paper firstly analyzes the distribution regulation of the non-stationary clutter caused by the non-sidelooking planar array configurations,and then studies the essential reason why 3D-STAP can effectively settle the elevation-dependent clutter non-stationarity,and finally by computer simulations,demonstrates the integrated performance of 3D-STAP in the non-stationary clutter environment from two aspects:the clutter suppression capability and the computational load.  
      关键词:3-dimensional (3D);space-time adaptive processing (STAP);non-stationary clutter;non-sidelooking arrays   
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    • A New Simultaneous Scalar Multiplication Based on Dobule-Base Number System

      Vol. 37, Issue 4, Pages: 873-876(2009)
      摘要:Dobule-base number system is a representation of the intergers as the sum of mixed powers of two and three.Simultaneous scalar multiplication is a fast point multiplication algorithm,and applied to some elliptic curve cryptography systems.Based on the original dobule-base system and simultaneous scalar multiplication,a new dobule-base system algorithm and simultaneous scalar multiplication algorithm based on this dobule-base system algorithm is presented in this paper.Due to the fast underlying fields arithmetic,the new simultaneous scalar multiplication algorithm enhances simultaneous scalar multiplication efficiently.Experiments prove that,with the 160 bits secret key and [S]/ =0.8,our method performed 22% improvement better than JSF when / =30,6% when /[M]=10,3% when /[M]=8.  
      关键词:elliptic curve;simultaneous scalar multiplication;double-base number system;scalar multiplication   
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    • Vol. 37, Issue 4, Pages: 877-883(2009)
      摘要:The local area control of virus spreading is studied in the light of the nodes essentiality in wireless sensor networks (WSN).The research suggests that by immunization to a small amount of control nodes so as to enhance the ability of anti-deliberate attack of the network.With the improvement of the immune efficiency,the epidemic threshold increases,and the effect of local area control strengthens.  
      关键词:complex networks;sensor networks;epidemics spread;local area control   
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    • Some Cryptographic Properties of Boolean Functions by Concatenation

      Vol. 37, Issue 4, Pages: 884-888(2009)
      摘要:It is always an important problem to construct Boolean functions with good cryptographic properties.Concatenation is an important method by which we can construct Boolean functions with good cryptographic properties.In this paper,we construct Boolean functions f1f3f3f2 by concatenation;moreover,we investigate their cryptographic properties:correlation immunity,propagation,linear structure and algebraic immunity and so on.By our investigation,we find their cryptographic properties of the Boolean functions f1f3f3f2 are good when the cryptographic properties of the Boolean functions f1,f2,f3 are good.  
      关键词:Boolean functions;Bent functions;autocorrelation functions;correlation immunity;propagation;linear structure;algebraic immunity   
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    • Research of the Self-healing Key Management in MANET

      Vol. 37, Issue 4, Pages: 889-893(2009)
      摘要:A self-healing key management method by using the context of the message according to the dynamic topology and low process ability of MANET is proposed in the paper,which can reduce the system communications overhead;it also offers an efficient key distribution method to reduce the memory and computation overhead compared with the common self-healing key management protocol.;the paper analyzed the research results verified the secure predominance,efficiency and availability to MANET.  
      关键词:MANET;Self-healing;key management;Self-organize   
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    • Whole-System Live Migration Mechanism for Virtual Machines

      Vol. 37, Issue 4, Pages: 894-899(2009)
      摘要:We describe a whole-system live migration mechanism which transfers the whole run-time state including local disk storage,in this paper.A three-phase migration(TPM) algorithm is proposed to minimize the downtime caused by migrating large disk storage data and keep data integrity and consistency.A Block-bitmap is used to track all the write accesses to the local disk storage during the migration,and then to direct synchronization.Also,an incremental migration(IM) algorithm is described to facilitate the migration back to initial source machine.Our experimental study based on Xen shows that the algorithms perform well even when I/O-intensive workloads run in the migrated VM.The downtime of whole-system migration is close to shared-storage migration algorithms.The Block-Bitmap based synchronization mechanism used in both TPM and IM is simple and effective,and the performance overhead of recording all the writes is less than 1 percent.  
      关键词:virtual machine;migration;whole system;block-bitmap;xen   
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    • Policy Based Trustworthiness Attestation for Computing Platform

      Vol. 37, Issue 4, Pages: 900-904(2009)
      摘要:Trustworthiness attestation of computing platform is a focus research work in Trusted Computing.Nowadays the existing attesting approaches will cause various problem hard to overcome,such as leakage of platform privacy and feasibility of attesting mechanism.This paper presents a new attestation approach based on the trust transition policy (Policy Based Trustworthiness Attestation Model,PBTAM).PBTAM believes that the trust state of computing platform is related with its system trust transition policy,if the policy conforms to the expectation of challenger,the attesting platform is regarded as trustworthy by the challenger.Based on trusted computing platform technical specifications,PBTAM implements trustworthiness attestation of computing platform by measuring and verifying the trust transition policy of attesting platform.In addition,this paper gives statistical data and samples related with application installation state in some typical information systems,and do some analysis on the performance of PBTAM to prove the model’s feasibility and effectiveness.  
      关键词:trusted computing;trust transition policy;attestation   
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    • Vol. 37, Issue 4, Pages: 905-908(2009)
      摘要:We present a method to analyze the characteristics of a class of multi-channel medium access control scheme which based on IEEE802.11 protocol.In this scheme,one channel is used as the control channel to reserve a data channel for exchanging data packets.Once a pair of nodes makes agreement,they exchange data packets on the reserved data channel.We use a Markov chain to model the control channel.Furthermore,we present an algorithm to calculate the average channel throughput.The numerical results of our algorithm are coincide with simulation results.We also analyze the throughput performance of the multi-channel MAC schemes while changing parameters,such as number of channel,length of data packets and,channel switch delay.  
      关键词:medium access control;multi-channel;throughput modeling;Markov chain   
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