最新刊期

    38 7 2010
    • FONT face, Verdana, HUANG Hua, LUO Xiong, LEI Lu-rong, LUO Guang-yao, ZHANG Bei-zhen, JIN Xiao, FONT
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1473-1477(2010)
      摘要:The main reasons of output microwave multi-frequency oscillation on S-band long pulse Relativistic Klystron Amplifiers were analyzed in this paper. Multi-frequency oscillation of RKA was suppressed evidently with PIC after some modifications on electron beams,bunching length,loaded Qvalue of output cavity, and leading magnetic field. According to the PIC results the long pulse RKA experiment was developed and a favorable experimental result was obtained, which the output microwave power increased from 300MW to 540MW, the output microwave pulse width increased from 50ns to 120ns. The efficiency was about 30%, the operation repetition was 20Hz.  
      关键词:relativistic klystron amplifiers;multi-frequency oscillation;long pulse;pulse shortening   
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    • FONT face, Verdana, JIAN Tao, HE You, SU Feng, QU Chang-wen, ZHANG Bo, FONT
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1478-1482(2010)
      摘要:This paper assesses the performance of range-spread target detector in spherically invariant random vector clutter, when the actual signal is misaligned with the assumed direction of arrival. As for the nonscatterer density dependent generalized likelihood ratio test (NSDD-GLRT), the influence of signal direction vector mismatched with steering vector on detection probability is analyzed theoretically. Moreover, the formulas for detection probability and false alarm probability are deduced, and the constant false alarm rate property of detector is proved. The experimental results show that NSDD-GLRT performs best when the target energy is uniformly distributed, and rejects the signal mismatched with steering vector effectively. In addition, the correlation between target amplitudes results in an additional loss for values of detection probability in the high range, and the fluctuation of target amplitudes also brings fo
      rth performance loss.
        
      关键词:range-spread target detection;spherically invariant random vector;constant false alarm rate;generalized likelihood ratio test;performance assessment   
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    • FONT face, Verdana, QIU Ai-bing, WEN Cheng-lin, JIANG Bin, FONT
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1483-1488(2010)
      摘要:Optimal state fusion estimate for a class of asynchronous multisensor sampled systems is considered.A unified description of measurement equations is formally completed and the idea of sequential filtering algorithm based on the order of sampled measurements is given.All asynchronous sampled measurements in one fusion cycle are left synchronously lifted,based on this,an optimal centralized state fusion estimate algorithm which can avoid the drawback of noncausality of the right synchronously lifted system is proposed.The equivalence of estimation accuracy for the two algorithms based on right and left synchronous lifting techniques is proved.Simulation results of two multirate sampled systems are presented to verify the equivalence of estimation accuracy and to analyze the computational cost of the three algorithms.The conclusions have certain guiding significance on the practical engineering application of asynchronous multisensor optimal fusion estimation algorithms.  
      关键词:a synchronous multisensor;data fusion;synchronous lifting;Kalman filter   
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    • FONT face, Verdana, FU Yu, WU Xiao-ping, YE Qing, PENG Xi, FONT
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1489-1494(2010)
      摘要:The risk factors of information systems are classified into three aspects of influence on asset,frequency of threat and severity extent of survivabulity, which are analysed based on the fuzzy set theory to describe their fuzzyvalued grades.And their membership matrices for judgement set are presented.Then the weights of the risk factors are calculated with the entropy theory to reduce the subjectivity.The approach of comprehensive eveluation is applied into integrating the respective risk assessment results of such three factors to obtain the final risk grade.Finally,an illustrative example is shown that this proposed method is effective and reliability.  
      关键词:information systems;security risk assessment;fuzzy;entropy-weight   
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    • FONT face, Verdana, ZHAO Dong-feng, DING Hong-wei, ZHAO Yi-fan, WANG Ming-gui, FONT
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1495-1499(2010)
      摘要:This paper proposed a novel analytical model of the polling MAC protocol using M-gated services in discrete time. By the imbedded Markov chain theory, the generating functions of queue length at server arrival epoch is obtained. Then computational equations are explicitly determined for the mean queue length, the mean polling period time and the mean packet delay. Through analysis of the mechanism of the polling model,its control values of the M-gated service and the related properties have been obtained. Meanwhile, the basic polling systems using gated service and exhaustive service have been improved.The polling MAC control protocol in the application is more effective.  
      关键词:discrete-time polling systems;M-gated services;queue length;polling period time;packet delay   
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    • An Improved BEM for Fast Time-varying Channels

      FONT face, Verdana, DAI Guang-fa, CHEN Shao-ping, FONT
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1500-1504(2010)
      摘要:In orthogonal frequency division modulation (OFDM), channel′s variation introduces intercarrier interference, making the accurate estimation of time-varying channel more complicated. For the number of channel parametres to be estimated at the receiver is greater than that of the received signal, the equation of channel estimation has no definite solution. To solve this problem, Basis Expansion Models (BEM) are usually used to approximate the channel′s variation. The problem of channel estimation is reduced to estimate the expansion coefficients, making the number of parameters to be estimated significantly reduced. The performance of widely used BEMs are analyzed. Based on oversampling and baseline tilting, an improved BEM is proposed to reduce the effects of Gibbs phenomenon and therefore increase the expansion accuracy. The performance of the proposed BEM is independent from the channel statistics and can be used for time-varying channel estimation in OFDM systems.  
      关键词:basis expansion model;Gibbs phenomenon;orthogonal frequency division modulation (OFDM);channel estimation   
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    • FONT face, Verdana, SONG Li-hua, GUO Yan-fei, WANG Qin, FONT
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1505-1510(2010)
      摘要:

      In order to solve the high power consumption problem in the design of DOCSIS upstream transmitter, we proposed a new low power VLSI architecture for the design of upstream transmitter. By taking the symbol rate as the main performance constraint, the proposed architecture can scale the operating frequency of all circuit units included in the transmitter dynamically along with the changing of symbol rate on the upstream channel. In this way, the proposed architecture can achieve the optimized power consumption without losing any processing performance. Under different scenarios of symbol burst rates, the testing results show that the average power saving could be up to 67.13% after applying the proposed arch itecture. So far, the designed low power transmitter had been successfully integ rated in a CM (Cable Modem) SOC (System On Chip) platform with self-owned intellectual property rights, which supports the two-way digital cable TOD (TV-on-Demand), and demonstrated excellent low power characteristics. Without loss of gener ality, the design architecture presented in this paper also can be applied to the design of other power-sensitive communication system. At the same time, it is worth to be trust that the proposed method will help to promote the development of the key low-power technology in the VLSI and SOC design.

        
      关键词:upstream transmitter;DOCSIS;cable modem;dynamic frequency scaling;low power   
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    • VS-OBR: A Confliction-free Virtual Synchronization Optical Burst Ring

      FONT face, Verdana, YAO Ming-wu, WEN Ai-jun, LIU Zeng-ji, BAO Min-quan, NING Bo, WU Dan-fang, FONT
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1511-1516(2010)
      摘要:A new method to build a WDM multi-wavelength optical ring with Optical Burst Switching (OBS) technology is proposed, which is named as ‘Virtual Synchronized Optical Burst Ring' (VS-OBR). In VS-OBR the data channels are divided into length-fixed Data Burst Slots (DBS), and to achieve a confliction-free and lossless data channel Media Access Control (MAC) scheme, these DBSs are kept in correspondence with the Burst Control Label running in the control channel through a Resilient Offset-Time Control mechanism. The bandwidth penalty of ROTC adjustment,maximum throughput under saturated load and delay performances are analyzed using theoretical and simulation methods, showing the feasibility and high bandwidth efficiency of VS-OBR.  
      关键词:WDM optical ring;optical burst switching (OBS);media access control (MAC)   
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    • WANG Pei, LI Zan, CAI Jue-ping, SI Jiang-bo
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1517-1524(2010)
      摘要:According to the principle of meteor burst communication (MBC) and the characteristic of meteor channel, a mechanism for MBC based on adaptive coding transmission is proposed. On account of the system restriction of BER, the adaptive variable data rate transmission can be achieved by estimating the real-time signal-to-noise ratio and changing the coding rate of TPC-RS codes. Simulation results and analysis show that, the proposed adaptive coding tansmission system can obtain 3.68dB system gain when compared with that of the fixed coding transmission system with the BER of 2×10^-4 under the same channel conditions. And the experiment shows that the meteor channel can be fully utilized effectively.  
      关键词:TPC-RS;adaptive coding;meteor burst communication   
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    • A New CDMA Sequence Family with Low Correlation

      FONT face, Verdana, SUN Ni-gang, HU Lei, FONT
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1525-1530(2010)
      摘要:A new family of p-phase sequences with large family size is constructed, where p is an odd prime. The technique employed uses the highest coordinate of some linear recurrence sequences over the ring Zpl, for any integer l which is greater than or equal to 2. The size of the family is estimated. Based on Galois ring theory (the local Weil bound) and spectral analysis over the additive group of Zpl, we analyze the correlation properties of the sequences in detail and derive an estimate of the nontrivial autocorrelation and crosscorrelation of the sequences. The result shows that these sequences have low correlation, which makes it possible as code sequences in CDMA communication systems.  
      关键词:correlation;Galois ring;highest coordinate;Welch′s lower bound   
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    • Limited Feedback Precoding for Amplify-and-Forward Relaying

      FONT face, Verdana, LI Ting, YANG L, FONT
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1531-1534(2010)
      摘要:In this paper, we first obtain the optimal relay preceding matrix for amplify-and-forward relay system under the requirement of quality-of-service (QoS). Then, in view of the bandwidth limits of the feedback channel in practical communication system, we propose a novel design method of limited feedback relay precoding codebook. Computer simulations indicate that the proposed new limited feedback relay precoding scheme in this paper performs close to the optimal precoding scheme with unlimited feedback, and obtains larger system sum capacity gains and lower biterror rate than that directly based on Grassmannian codebook or random codebook.  
      关键词:precoding;limited feedback;amplify-and-forward relaying   
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    • FONT face, Verdana, CHEN Jing-wen, YANG Feng-fan, FONT
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1535-1540(2010)
      摘要:

      We propose a kind of simple-encoding irregular systematic LDPC codes suitable for relay cooperation. The constructed double LDPC codes are then applied to one-relay cooperation. The authors also suggest a new joint iterative decoding algorithm performed at the destination node for multiple received signals based on the joint Tanner graph for the double LDPC codes. It is demonstrated by theoretical analysis and numerical simulations that the proposed approach can

      well combine the techniques of high-efficiency channel coding and cooperation to fully achieve the potential gains from coding and diversity, which consequently leads to the significant performance improvement over the non-cooperation system under the same conditions.

        
      关键词:relay cooperative communication;low-density parity-check codes;joint iterative decoding;extrinsic information   
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    • FONT face, Verdana, LIU Xing-cheng, YE Yuan-sheng, FONT
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1541-1546(2010)
      摘要:To mitigate the problems of high computation complexity and deteriorated error correction performance in decoding Repeat-Accumulate (RA) codes with Belief Propagation (BP) and Min-Sum algorithms, the idea of Weighted Bit-Flipping (WBF) is applied to improve the BP algorithm. The improved BP decoding algorithm based on the WBF scheme is proposed for systematic RA codes. If decoding is failure in each iteration, bit flipping measure is to be taken according to specific rules in order to obtain legitimate code words. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can decrease the computation complexity effectively for such RA codes while maintaining the excellent error-correction performance.  
      关键词:repeat-accumulate codes;BP decoding algorithm;computation complexity;bite error rate (BER) performance   
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    • An Energy-Aware and Beaconless Geographic Routing for Mobile Ad Hoc Network

      FONT face, Verdana, WANG Guo-dong, WANG Gang, FONT
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1547-1551(2010)
      摘要:Geographic routing has been widely hailed owning to its efficiency and scalability, and it is one of research hotspots for routing algorithms of Mobile Ad Hoc Network. Since node energy in such network is limited and cannot be supplemented easily in many cases, balancing energy consumption is one of the most important method to prolong network lifetime. To solve the problem of the energy-consumption imbalance of greedy routing and perimeter routing, we present an Energy-Aware and Beaconless Geographic Routing (EBGR). It operates in two strategies: contend-based greedy-forwarding strategy and void handling strategy. In the conten-based greedy-forwarding strategy, nodes forward data packets by competition. When receiving a data packet from upstream node, intermediate nodes within its forwarding area contend to relay it by waiting for a dynamic forwarding delay (obtained by energy and location information and called DFD). The intermediate node with minimum DFD transmits the data packet first and other nodes cancel their scheduled transmission for the same data packet by overhearing its packet forwarding. When there are no neighbor nodes in the forwarding area, a void handling strategy is employed. Applying angle progress and energy information to DFD, we can allow data packet to traverse the void and to balance energy consumption. Finally, simulation results show that EBGR exhibits 2%-4% packet delivery ratio higher and 10%-20% network lifetime longer than BLR and GEAR.  
      关键词:beacon;contend;geographic routing;forwarding;network lifetime;energy   
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    • FONT face, Verdana, LIU Zhi-hua, CHEN Jia-xing, CHEN Xiao-kai, FONT
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1552-1556(2010)
      摘要:In wireless sensor networks, the localization space can be divided into distinct regions such as vertice, edges and faces in traditional sequence-based algorithm. But the average location error for locations in a face region is quite in evidence. For the problem of localization error, a new algorithm which is based on the sequencebased algorithm and the three orthocentres method is proposed here. Its principle and realization method have also been studied. The new algorithm uses the three maximal values of Rank Order Correlation Coefficient to judge the three nearest centroids and computes its orthocentre to exclude areas in which nodes do not exist. The new algorithm will bring some computing increases. However, it does not need additional improvement in hardware or complexity of nodes. Simulation experiments prove that the new algorithm can obviously improve the localization accuracy compared to the traditional sequence-based algorithm and the three orthocentres method. If the proportion of anchors increases, the localization error will decrease markedly.  
      关键词:wireless sensor networks (WSN);anchor;localization sequences;three orthocentres method   
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    • FONT face, Verdana, CUI Yong-rui, LI Ming-chu, JIANG He, FONT
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1557-1562(2010)
      摘要:A novel reputation evaluation algorithm for service grid nodes is proposed, which computes the transitive trust between entities by performing a modified Dijkstra algorithm on a directional weighted overlay graph consists of grid entities and their direct trust values, and predicts the evaluation of reputation between entities by taking account of the inter-organization trust relationship, direct and transitive trust together. Besides, the proposed algorithm considers the VO (virtual organization) perspective idea of VO initiator and takes services or resources the target VO required as one of the most important fine-granularity evaluation criterion, which makes the algorithm more suitable for constructing VO in a category of service grid environment which includes autonomic organizations. Simulation experiment results show that our algorithm restrains the bad performers and resists against fake transaction attack and slander attack efficiently. It provides a clear advantage in the design of a VO infrastructure.  
      关键词:reputation;virtual organization formation;service grid;coordinated attacks   
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    • Maximum Likelihood Estimation Based High Dynamic GPS Carrier Tracking Loop

      FONT face, Verdana, XIANG Yang, HU Xiu-lin, FONT
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1563-1567(2010)
      摘要:A new structure of GPS carrier tracking loop is proposed based on maximum likelihood estimation. The loop is used for tracking GPS carrier frequency under the circumstance of high dynamic and low signal-to-noise ratio. Details of the loop are presented in this paper, and the functions of all the blocks in the loop as well as parameter transmission among the blocks are discussed. Performance of the loop is tested using GPS carrier signals with typical high dynamic parameters. Results of the tests indicate that the designed loop greatly improves the loss-of-lock threshold and frequency tracking precision near the threshold compared with the ones in common GPS receivers.  
      关键词:maximum likelihood estimation;high dynamic GPS;carrier tracking   
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    • A Non-Coherent Method of UWB Signal Acquisition Based on Genetic Algorithm

      FONT face, Verdana, YANG Zhi-hua, ZHANG Qin-yu, ZHANG Nai-tong, FONT
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1568-1573(2010)
      摘要:Focusing on ultra wideband (UWB) signal acquisition conditional on the uncertain signals to noise ratio (SNR), a non-coherent scheme is proposed in this article based on genetic algorithm, which combines online SNR estimation with genetic algorithm to search the parameters pair of integral length and timing alignment. Contrast with general schemes, the scheme proposed is suitable for the uncertain SNR conditions where integral length is unavailable and dynamic detection threshold is hard to be set. The results show that, compared with Look and Jump by K steps algorithm, the proposed scheme improved significantly the acquisition performances on uncertain SNRs.  
      关键词:ultra wideband(UWB);non-coherent;signal acquisition;genetic algorithm;parameters pair   
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    • FONT face, Verdana, XUE Er-juan, BAO Chang-chun, LI Ru-wei, FONT
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1574-1579(2010)
      摘要:This paper is focused on the model of waveform interpolation (WI) and its parameters quantization, then a waveform interpolation speech coding algorithm based on two-dimensional nonnegative matrix factorization at 1kb/s is presented. This method makes the dimensions of CW magnitude matrix much lower in columns and rows, so it is convenient for quantizing the coding matrix. In addition, speech coders at very low bit rates can hardly get good performance, for there are no sufficient bits to express these coding parameters. Then two-frame joint, inter-frame backward prediction three-stage vector quantization, discrete cosine transform (DCT) and split matrix quantization techniques are promoted in this paper, in order to reduce the speech coding bit rates as well as to improve the quality of the speech. The results of informal subjective listening test show that the performance of 1kb/s 2DNMF-WI coder is a little worse than that of 2kb/s NMF-WI coder.  
      关键词:speech coding;waveform interpolation;characteristic waveform;two-dimensional nonnegative matrix factorization;two-frame joint   
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    • FONT face, Verdana, FU Jian, WANG Hong-jun, LI Bin, JIANG Bai-hong, FONT
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1580-1584(2010)
      摘要:Limited by the scan principle and the hardware such as detectors and X-ray sources, conventional industrial computed tomography (ICT) can not execute the effective tomography imaging of plate-shell microelectronic devices. In order to realize the tomography imaging of this kind of microelectronic device, a method called computed laminography (CL) has been researched. It is based on the cone-beam X-ray tilt scan and the algebraic reconstruction technique (ART). The projection pre-processing method based on the projection convex on sets (POCS) and the non-local means post-processing method based on the similarity between different regions have been discussed. An experiment system based on a-si flat panel detector has been developed. The CL imaging experiments of CPU chip and printed circuit board have been executed successfully. The validity of this method was verified by the results of experiments.  
      关键词:tomography;computed laminography;algebraic reconstruction technique;projection convex on sets;plate-shell microelectronic devices   
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    • Fragile Watermarking Capable of Locating Tampered Blocks in JPEG Images

      FONT face, Verdana, JIN Xi-zi, JIANG Wen-zhe, FONT
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1585-1589(2010)
      摘要:It is significantly meaningful to exactly locating the tampered areas in digital images. This paper proposes a novel fragile watermarking scheme for JPEG covers, in which the hash bits of all blocks with a size of 8×8 are pseudo-randomly reorganized as a series of subsets, and their sums with modulus 2 are regarded as watermark bits. This way, each block maps a number of watermark bits, and each watermark bit corresponds to a number of blocks. Then, a selected non-zero DCT coefficient in each block is used to accommodate one watermark bit. At authentication side, after estimating the tampering rate, the inconsistency between the calculated and extracted watermark bits of each block is used to judge it as “tampered” or “reserved”. Theoretical analysis and experimental result show that the proposed method is capable of locating all tampered blocks when the tampering rate is less than 1%.  
      关键词:fragile watermarking;JPEG image;image authentication   
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    • FONT face, Verdana, FU Xiao-wei, DING Ming-yue, ZHOU Cheng-ping, CAI Chao, SUN Yang-guang, FONT
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1590-1596(2010)
      摘要:Traditional image enhancement algorithms are sensitive to the noise and can easily fall into a sub or over enhancement for medical images. In this paper, two different mathematics expressions of pixel quantum bit are given first according to the basic principle of quantum signal processing. Then, aiming at the characteristics of medical images and combining with gray correlative characteristics of pixels in 3×3 neighborhoods, a medical image enhancement operator is proposed based on quantum probability statistics. In order to optimize the effect of image enhancement, the gray threshold parameter of the operator is adaptively chosen based on the sub-sampling image entropy. Using subjective and objective evaluation, experimental results demonstrated that our method considered both global and local image information and can improve medical images quality effectively.  
      关键词:image enhancement;quantum signal processing;objective evaluation   
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    • Blind Detection of Video Sequence Montage Based on GOP Abnormality

      FONT face, Verdana, QIN Yun-long, SUN Guang-ling, WANG Shuo-zhong, ZHANG Xin-peng, FONT
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1597-1602(2010)
      摘要:This paper proposes a blind detection technique to reveal malicious attacks on video contents by video sequence montage. The method is based on an analysis of Fourier transform of the series of motion errors. For an MPEG-2 video sequence with a particular structure of the group of pictures (GOP), spikes exist in the Fourier transform magnitude of the error series. Multiple MPEG compression with different GOP structures results in variation of spikes in the Fourier domain, leaving clear signatures of the coding history in the video sequence. These spike artifacts are used to detect video splicing, i.e., replacing certain sections of the video with fake contents taken from other sequences with different GOP structures. This method can also be used to detect suspicious multiple compressions and find the initial GOP structure, providing useful clues to the authentication of video contents. Experiments show effectiveness of the proposed method.  
      关键词:video montage;video splicing;motion error;group of pictures(GOP) artifacts;double compression   
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    • The Cellular Genetic Algorithm with Evolutionary Rule

      FONT face, Verdana, LU Yu-ming, LI Ming, LI Ling, FONT
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1603-1607(2010)
      摘要:In order to mimic the nature more true, according to density and distribution of cell, the dynamitic influence among all individual with each other were considered during evolutionary operation. Therefore, a dynamitic environment is built by the rules of the cellular automata and in turn, the cellular genetic algorithm with evolutionary rules (CEGA) is proposed in this paper. The experimental results of two typical test functions show that CEGA can efficiently remain the diversity of population, carry out the global exploitation, and improve the speed of searching solution. We conclude that moderate density cell is favourable to solution.  
      关键词:cellular genetic algorithms;cellular automata;evolutionary rule;diversity   
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    • FONT face, Verdana, JIN Hui-long, XU Cheng-qian, FONT
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1608-1611(2010)
      摘要:In this paper, the cyclotomic classes are used in the new construction of pseudorandom sequence pairs and a new method of constructing pseudorandom sequence pairs, i.e. cyclotomic classes is presented. The difference set pairs is given by the cyclotomic classes. Then the new pseudorandom sequence pairs can be constructed by using the equivalence relation between difference set pairs and pseudorandom sequence pairs. This new binary sequences has optimum balance among 0′s and 1′s. As a result, the new theoretical basis for using differences set pairs to study pseudorandom sequence pairs is provided.  
      关键词:Signal design;cyclotomic class;difference set pair;pseudorandom sequence   
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    • Low Computational Complexity Algorithms of LDPC Decoder for CMMB

      FONT face, Verdana, JIANG Xiao-bo, NIE Zheng-hua, FONT
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1612-1615(2010)
      摘要:In the paper, two LDPC decoding algorithms based on reliability are proposed. First, the conventional early detection method is poor performance due to misjudgment. A new early detection method is proposed, which reduces the probability of misjudgment and lead to performance improvement. At AWGN and Rayleigh fading channel simulation, the performance of the new algorithm exceed standard BP algorithm. Second, the layered reliability decoding algorithm is proposed. Compared with standard BP algorithm, the performance is increased by 0.1dB, velocity of the convergence is twice faster and computational complexity is decreased by 65%.  
      关键词:low density parity check (LDPC);China mobile multimedia broadcasting (CMMB);layered decoding;rayleigh fading channel   
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    • Direct Data Domain Approach with Adaptive Match Filter

      FONT face, Verdana, YANG Zhi-wei, LIAO Gui-sheng, HE Shun, ZENG Cao, FONT
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1616-1620(2010)
      摘要:

      This paper describes a new non-stationary clutter mitigation method. The approach, called as D^3AMF, is performed in three stages, i.e. sub-aperture space-time spectral estimation using only a single range bin, full-dimension space-time spectral reconstruction with least-square fitting and clearing, target detection with adaptive match filtering. An important feature of the proposed method is its ability to extract requisite implementation information from the data itself and without sacrificing space-time aperture. A preliminary result against an airborne simulation data demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method.

        
      关键词:airborne early warning radar;ground moving target indication;STAP;clutter mitigation   
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    • FONT face, Verdana, YANG Bin, YANG Xiao-wei, HUAGN Lan, LIANG Yan-chun, ZHOU Chun-guang, WU Chun-guo, FONT
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1621-1625(2010)
      摘要:A novel adaptive and iterative training algorithm of least square support vector machine regression (AILSSVR) is presented based on the least square support vector machine regression (LSSVR) and the proof for inverse of an order-reduced matrix is given. Compared to the standard LSSVR, the proposed algorithm takes advantage of the previous training results when learning from a new sample; therefore, it can obtain a new learning machine efficiently. Numerical simulations demonstrate that AILSSVR can adaptively decide the number of support vectors and preserve the sparse property of support vectors in QP training methods. Under the similar regression accuracy, AILSSVR can speed up the learning process remarkably.  
      关键词:support vector machine;adaptive;iterative;regression;least square   
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    • Global and Local Preserving Based Semi-supervised Support Vector Machine

      GAO Jun, WANG Shi-tong, DENG Zhao-hong
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1626-1633(2010)
      摘要:The support vector machine (SVM), as one of special regularization methods, has been used successfully in the field of pattern recognition. However, the traditional SVM, a supervised learning methed, gets the normal vector of the decision boundary mainly according to the largest interval principle but has not considered the underlying geometric structure and the discriminant information fully. Therefore, a global and local preserving based semi-supervised support vector machine: GLSSVM, is presented in this paper by introducing the basic theories of the locality preserving projections (LPP) and the within-class scatter of linear discriminant analysis (LDA) into the SVM. This method inherits the characteristics of the traditional SVM, fully considers the global and local geometric structure between samples, shows the global and local underlying discriminant information and meets the consistency assumption which the semi-supervised method must coincides with so that the shortcomings of the supervised methods can be overcome and the classification accuracy can be increased. The tests on the artificial and real datasets show the above mentioned advantages of the GLSSVM method.  
      关键词:support vector machines;locality preserving projection;linear discriminant analysis;semi-supervised;consistency assumption   
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    • A Model for Topology of P2P Network Based on Fitness and Node Clustering

      ZHANG Ke, HUANG Yong-feng, LI Xing
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1634-1640(2010)
      摘要:The measuring topology data of Gnutella network were analyzed, then cumulative degree distribution function, clustering coefficient, average path length and rich-club coefficient of Gnutella network were extracted from analysis result. By introducing fitness, nodes with neighbours limitation and nodes clustering, the FCL (Fitness model with tunable Clustering and neighbours Limitation) model and the algorithm is proposed. Simulation indicated that the model is valid.  
      关键词:peer-to-peer (P2P) network;fitness;node clustering;scale-free network;small-world network   
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    • A Clutter Suppression Method Using Smooth Filter in Wavelet Domain

      FONT face, Verdana, ZHOU Ning, LI Zai-ming, FONT
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1641-1645(2010)
      摘要:An image background clutter suppression method using smooth filter in the wavelet domain is proposed in this thesis. Firstly, the WT(Wavelet Transform)of the observed image data is performed. Then, the smooth filter and difference process is operated respectively to the wavelet coefficients of every wavelet belt to suppress background clutter and noise of the image. Finally, the IWT(Inverse Wavelet Transform) of the processed image is carried out. The experiment results show that the residual image obtained by this method has very good Gaussian normality and independence, and the average gain of the target’s neighbor SCNR (signal-to-clutter-noise ratio) is improved about 2dB, compared with the other traditional image smooth-filtering algorithms. So the method in this paper has better performance than the other traditional image smooth methods.  
      关键词:dim moving target;background clutter suppression;wavelet smooth filter;signal-to-clutter-noise ratio   
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    • DSP Based Equivalence of SVPWM and Carrier-Based PWM Study

      FONT face, Verdana, YANG Jin-hui, DAI Yu-xing, YI Long-qiang, FONT
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1646-1653(2010)
      摘要:For the control of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) inverter, the Space-Vector PWM(SVPWM) technique was been applied to three-phase inverter and single-phase inverter based on the inverter voltage space vector analysis. Then, the realization method based on Digital Signal Processing (DSP) for three-phase and single-phase SVPWM technique was described in detail. An optimal switching SVPWM technique was given. The three-phase SVPWM carrier-based modulation form and its zero-squence signal has been deduced. Through the point of carrier zero-sequence signal correspondding to space-vector zero voltage vector, the equivalent of space-vector based modulation and carrier based modulation was been proved. Finally, the experiment proved those ideal in this paper.  
      关键词:PWM(pulse width modulation) Inverter;SVPWM (space-vector pulse width modulation);Carrier-Based PWM;DSP (digital signal processing);Zero-sequence signal   
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    • A RTL Level ODC Algorithm for Data Path Low Power Optimization

      FONT face, Verdana, MENG Jian-yi, DING Yong-lin, YAN Xiao-lang, GE Hai-tong, FONT
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1654-1659(2010)
      摘要:This paper proposes an efficient and low-overhead optimization algorithm for clockgating based low power design. It searches the Observability Don′t Care (ODC) conditions of data path at RTL level. It analyzes the ODC conditions of RTL logic level signal which is defined as Bus-ODC model. Data path is cut down into several short paths and computed ODC condition separately, which is defined as Path-ODC model. These two models can reduce the ODC computation load and improve the computation efficiency, and make it sufficient for VLSI low power optimization. Probability of ODC conditions is also proposed in this paper and used as an important basis of clock gating logic synthesis. It is preferred to insert clock gating logic into the data path with high probability of ODC condition. Probability driven clock gating logic synthesis improves the efficiency of clock gating network with tiny hardware overhead. Compared with the result of traditional ODC algorithm, computation load of RTL level ODC algorithm is only one-eight of that, power can be reduced by 12.35% and hardware overhead is cut down by 13.44% in average.  
      关键词:low power data path;bus-ODC model;path-ODC model;probability of ODC condition   
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    • Research Progress on Attribute-Based Access Control

      FONT face, Verdana, WANG Xiao-ming, FU Hong, ZHANG Li-chen, FONT
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1660-1667(2010)
      摘要:Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) can address the issues of the fine-granularity of resource protection and the user scalability of network systems, and it can provide appropriate strategies for the access control in the open network environment in the future. This paper in detail analyzes and summarizes the existing domestic and international research achievements in the area of Attribute-Based Access Control from two aspects of the theoretical researches and application researches of ABAC, also analyzes the problems waiting to be solved and some research trends in the area of the ABAC research in the future. It may provide some new insights and literature references for the research of the access control of complex information systems in the open network environment in the future.  
      关键词:security policy;access control;ABAC;entity attribute;formal model   
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    • FONT face, Verdana, HE Xiao-wei, LI Jin-wen, ZHANG Min-xuan, FONT
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1668-1672(2010)
      摘要:A two-stage 1.5-6GHz CMOS Low Noise Amplifier(LNA) for Ultra-Wide-Band(UWB) applications is presented. By introducing common-gate(CG) and common-source(CS) stages to obtain broad-band input matching and current mirror to reuse current through a peaking inductor, the proposed LNA has achieved extra flat power gain and Noise Figure(NF). This LNA has been implemented by a 0.18μm standard CMOS process. Post simulation results have indicated that the power gain(S21) achieves 11.45±0.05dB over the wide frequency band of 1.5-5GHz, and NF maintains 5.15±0.05dB from 2GHz to 6GHz with input return loss(S11)<-18dB in the entire band. The simulated input-referred third-order intercept point(IIP3) at 5GHz is -7dBm, while the 1dB compression point is -5dBm. It draws 6mA from 1.8V supply and occupies an area of only 0.62mm^2.  
      关键词:ultra-wide-band(UWB);low noise amplifier(LNA);noise figure(NF);broad-band;CMOS   
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    • FONT face, Verdana, SHAN Guang-jun, ZHU Guang-xi, LIU De-ming, LI Jian-ming, FONT
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1673-1677(2010)
      摘要:It have been proved that RWA (routing and wavelength assignment) algorithm in arbitrary mesh optical networks is a NP-complete problem. Previous works intended to address this problem through heuristics method or graph theory. However, the computational complexity will be increased exponentially with the network size, also, the mathematical modeling for link blocking probability is quite complicated. We propose a novel RWA algorithm that is based on the “Key Link” forecasting mechanism and jointly take the hop number and free wavelength number into account, thus, it not only addresses RWA problem from link level (setting dynamic weight), also from network level (proactively avoiding “key links”). Results show our scheme can achieve better load balance and lower blocking ratio with low computational complexity.  
      关键词:optical network;routing and wavelength assignment (RWA) algorithm;computational complexity;blocking ratio;load balance   
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    • FONT face, Verdana, MA Ke, YU Neng-hai, YANG Fu-rong, FONT
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1678-1682(2010)
      摘要:TDMA has been introduced into ad hoc networks because of its ability to provide collision-free packet transmission. Slot assignment protocol is a vital part of TDMA technique which can affect the throughput of the network significantly. EASA, a novel efficient adaptive slot assignment protocol for clustered ad hoc TDMA network is proposed. The effectiveness of EASA has also been verified by simulation experiments in different scenarios. It is proved by simulation results that EASA can increase throughput of the network dramatically.  
      关键词:TDMA;slot assignment algorithm;clustered ad hoc network   
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    • COPS: A COoperative Power Saving Mechanism in IEEE 802.16e

      FONT face, Verdana, ZHU Bin, XUE Kai-ping, HONG Pei-lin, LU Han-cheng, FONT
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1683-1687(2010)
      摘要:This paper theoretically analyzes the performance of the sleep mode for the mobile station with multi-services, and finds that the energy-saving efficiency is very poor due to the asynchrony of the listening windows of different power saving classes. Then it proposes a COoperative Power Saving Mechanism (COPS) which tries to synchronize the listening windows of different power saving classes cooperatively to improve the energy-saving efficiency. Both theoretical results and simulation results show that COPS not only improves the energy efficiency but also reduces the average MAC frame response time.  
      关键词:IEEE 802.16e;WiMAX;Sleep Mode;COPS   
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    • FONT face, Verdana, SUN Ke, TANG You-xi, SHAO Shi-hai, DENG Kai, FONT
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1688-1692(2010)
      摘要:In multi-input multi-output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems with distributed transmit antennas, each transmit antenna has its own oscillator, which leads to different frequency offsets (FOs) between the receiver and each transmit antenna. In order to reduce the inter-carrier interference caused by the FOs, a FOs correction algorithm is proposed, which maximizes the conditional average signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR) of subcarriers on each receive antenna. By properly exploiting the polynomial approximation method to approximate the conditional average SINR, a computationally efficient expression of the FOs correction value is obtained. Compared with the existing FOs correction algorithm, the proposed algorithm offers slight performance improvement and achieves at least 50% complexity reduction.  
      关键词:distributed transmit antenna system;multi-input multi-output;Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing;frequency offsets correction   
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    • FONT face, Verdana, SHEN Jun, WU Bo, JIANG Wei, SHANG Yong, XIANG Hai-ge, FONT
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1693-1698(2010)
      摘要:The power allocation problem to maximize the multicast rate in one multicast group under the total power constrain is investigated in multicast Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system. The greedy algorithm is applied to reduce the complexity. To improve the multicast rate, two power allocation algorithms based on subcarrier pairwise exchange are proposed. The proposed algorithms both have two steps: initial power allocation and adjustment. During the adjustment period, power is exchanged between subcarriers and the algorithms are terminated only when the multicast rate cannot be increased any more. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithms can achieve near optimal result with low complexity.  
      关键词:orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM);multicast;power allocation   
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    • FONT face, Verdana, HAN Xiao-bo, LUO Tao, FONT
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1699-1704(2010)
      摘要:A Common Channel Establishing Algorithm Based on Game Theory in Ad Hoc Cognitive Radio Network (CRN) is proposed in this paper. However, this algorithm cannot guarantee that the cognitive radios converge to the same common channel. Then two improved algorithms which can guarantee convergence are proposed. The simulation results demonstrate that two improved algorithms can adapt to different scenarios and establish the common channel among Cognitive Users successfully through the gaming process. The channel quality can be ensured as well. In the end, this paper gives the argumentation on the algorithms’ convergence.  
      关键词:game theory;dynamic;Ad Hoc CRN;cognitive radio   
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    • FONT face, Verdana, QIAO Fei, WEI Ding-li, YANG Hua-zhong, WANG Hui, FONT
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1705-1710(2010)
      摘要:This paper presents the design of a CAVLC encoder for H.264 featuring a highly parallel and double-level pipelined architecture. In order to overcome the speed bottleneck of one coefficient per cycle during scanning, the proposed design uses four-channel parallel processing instead of serial scanning. And the delays of all stages in the pipelined architecture are averaged by FIFOs, which achieves a high efficiency for the entire pipeline. The pipelined structure is also widely used in sub-modules for higher throughput. Based on 0.18μm CMOS technology, the proposed architecture is synthesized into 20685 logic gates and achieved average 27M blocks/s at 166.7MHz frequency, and even meets the requirements of real-time processing of digital cinema video (4096×2048@30fp). The date throughput of the proposed architecture is 3.46 times of that of the previous reported work with acceptable increase in area.  
      关键词:H.264;context-adaptive variable-length coding (CAVLC);encoder   
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    • A Rapid Edge Detector for 2D Scan Line in Range Image

      FONT face, Verdana, WANG Jian, YAO Zhen-qiang, YIN Ming-de, ZHU Yao-jie, LI Kang-mei, FONT
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1711-1715(2010)
      摘要:In this paper, we propose a novel rapid detector which is used to denoise and recognize edges for 2D scan line in range image. Based on silhouette analysis in a scan line, a few coefficients are defined to characterize large noise and edge points, and several determinative criteria are stipulated for rapid denoising and edge etection. Because all the coefficients used are distances or their ratio, the proposed method is inherently invariant to translation and rotation. The threshold set is trained by selecting some feature point candidates. By merging parameter attributes calculation, redundant computation is decreased to the lowest in an integral mode algorithm. Based on real data experiments, computational complexity, time expenditure, accuracy and stability of the method are evaluated in detail. The proposed detector under integral mode can process a scan line within 0.15 ms on an ordinary PC. The results indicate that the proposed method has excellent performance on efficiency, accuracy, robustness and scalability, and is qualified for real-time processing in stringent industrial occasions.  
      关键词:rapid edge detection;real-time data processing;laser range finder;denoising large noise;3D range image;computer vision   
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    • FONT face, Verdana, TENG Xue-jian, GU Xiao-dong, CHEN Xiao-min, FONT
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1716-1722(2010)
      摘要:This paper presents a high performance image compressor for onboard space image, based on CCSDS algorithm by using Handel-C language. The hardware solution proposed here exploits many parallel architectures and pipeline techniques under the Handel-C language′s hardware mechanism, thus effectively improves compressing speed. A testing system is introduced to verify the design and the experimental results indicate that this core is a very good middle course between chip resource and speed. The average PSNR can be achieved to near 40dB with 8:1 compression ratio and 30dB plus with 16:1 compression ratio, and a maximum data rate of 15.2Mpixels/s is sustained at 50MHz.  
      关键词:Handel-C;CCSDS;discrete wavelet transform;parallel processing;pipeline;bit plane encode   
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    • Individuation Privacy Preservation Oriented to Sensitive Values

      FONT face, Verdana, HAN Jian-min, YU Juan, YU Hui-qun, JIA Jiong, FONT
      Vol. 38, Issue 7, Pages: 1723-1728(2010)
      摘要:Existing anonymity models for privacy preservation cannot implement individuation preservation oriented to sensitive values. To solve the problem, the paper proposes a complete (α,k)-anonymity model which can implement individuation privacy preservation for sensitive values by setting the frequency constraints on each sensitive value in every equivalence class. The paper also proposes a (α,k)-clustering algorithm to implement all kinds of (α,k)-anonymity models .Experimental results show that the complete (α,k)-anonymity model provides better privacy preservation than other (α,k)-anonymity models with the similar information loss and execution time.  
      关键词:(α;k)-anonymity model;k-anonymity;l-diversity;homogeneity attack;background knowledge attack   
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