最新刊期
卷 40 ， 期 1 ， 2012
- 摘要：Trust is the most important key issue for Mobile P2P(MP2P) networks security.As the MP2P networks and the P2P networks environments are fundamentally different,the existing trust models for P2P networks are not suitable for MP2P networks.In view of this,a dynamic secure trust model for MP2P networks (DSTM_MP2P) is proposed.DSTM_MP2P is comprised of two schemes.One is node type-identifying mechanism based on node behavior under the situation of the known or part of the known trust information of the nodes.And the other is node probability selection strategy based on Bayesian game under the situation of the unknown trust information of the nodes.The theoretical analysis and experimental results show that whatever MP2P network environment is,a request node under the direction of the DSTM_MP2P model is always first to connect the safe and reliable nodes,which greatly increases the downloading success rate.关键词：mobile peer to peer networks;security;trust;game theory;node behavior2|2332|7更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：Under the framework of joint information embedding and lossy compression,an algorithm based on secret sharing and unequal protection is proposed.Comparing with arithmetic coding which compressed watermark length,our algorithm can dramatically reduce the amount of information bits embedded into video cover while guaranteeing watermarking authentication.Our algorithm not only improves compression efficiency but also adopts unequal protection strategy,thus improving watermark's robustness considerably.Furthermore,by making full use of dependency among neighbouring macroblocks,an adaptive watermarking algorithm based on motion vectors is proposed to effectively control motion vector's modification and guarantee video quality after watermarking.Experiments demonstrate that this algorithm not only keeps a small PSNR loss and satisfactory visual quality,but also shows resistance against frame-deletion attack.关键词：video watermarking;secret sharing;motion vectors2|1218|4更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：This paper presents a high isolation microstrip diplexer.The lowpass filter based on defected ground structure(DGS) is introduced into the dual behavior resonator(DBR) microstrip bandpass filter.The slow-wave characteristic of DGS can balance the phase-velocity difference between even-mode and odd-mode of DBR filter,so the rejection in the up stop band of filter can be improved.The DBR filer based on DGS has been analyzed.On this basis,a C-band microstrip diplexer has been developped,and the simulation and experimental result indicate that the insertion loss is less than 1.3dB and the isolation is better than 65dB.关键词：dual behavior resonator(DBR);defected ground structure(DGS);diplexer;filter2|1790|4更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：An energy-saving coverage scheme is proposed based on multi-objective genetic algorithms.Genomes are established according to the different opening sequences of nodes and the outstanding individuals are preserved due to the double cross operation which could open as little as possible nodes when meeting certain network coverage requirement.This method could extend the network life,and balance the network energy consumption.It obtains satisfactory performance compared to D-Greedy and DCS-dist methods.关键词：wireless multimedia sensor networks;multi-objective genetic;network coverage;network lifetime2|1161|3更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：Improving of the SNR of the low-dose CT image is a crucial issue for the low-dose CT application.In this paper,we employed an EM (expectation-maximization) scheme to restore the sinogram by the maximum a conditional expectation of the posteriori estimation,based on the special statistical property of low-dose CT sinogram,i.e.,the extremely low SNR and the non-stationary noise property of the sinogram data.At the same time,parameters of the statistical model were estimated in the EM scheme.In addition,a Gibbs sampler was used to solve the computation problem.The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm was validated by both computer simulations and experimental studies.The gain of the proposed approach over other methods was quantified by noise-resolution tradeoff curves.关键词：low-dose CT;noise reduction;parameter estimation;EM algorithm2|1986|3更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：Cognitive radio and cooperation communication are two attractive techniques to improve the spectrum utilization.We study the achievable rate of an underlying cognitive two-way relay network.A two-slot two-way relay scheme using successive interference cancellation and network coding techniques is considered to better utilize the insufficient spectrum resource of the cognitive relay network.Optimal power allocation and time division of this scheme are proposed to achieve fairness and maximize the minimum end-to-end transmit rate of bidirectional communications in the network.Numerical results verify the superiority of the proposed scheme over existing schemes in the practical strongly restricted cognitive radio environment.关键词：cognitive radio;network coding;two-way communication;relay4|1272|2更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：A new direct-digital quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) modulator is presented in this paper,which can be reconfigured between 4-QAM,16-QAM and higher modulation formats.Based on current vector sum,this paper first employs two high-speed Operational Transconductance Amplifiers (OTAs) to generate a set of quadrature basis current vectors whose amplitudes are tunable.A pair of vectors is selected by the switch network to be added in current domain,which reduces the nonlinearity.The chip was fabricated in 0.13 μm CMOS technology.The measured data throughput at 5.4GHz carrier frequency is 16Mbps.Experimental results show that the error vector magnitude (EVM) is 6.20% in the 16-QAM modulation state.The chip core occupies an area of 0.09mm2.The circuit consumes 20mA of dc current from a 1.2V supply.关键词：QAM modulator;multi-mode;direct-digital modulation;OTA;transimpedance amplifier (TIA)2|1310|0更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：For wireless unicast applications based on opportunistic network coding,each node caches some packets in a buffer called overhearing buffer for decoding.Traditional FIFO-based(First In First Out) overhearing management policy for "X" coding structure is discussed.With finite overhearing buffers,theoretical result shows that throughput decreases rapidly as the buffer size decreases.Therefore,we propose a Best Effort-based overhearing management policy,which improves the probability of cached packets to be used for decoding,and thus increases the system throughput.Furthermore,to buffer less useless packets,we propose an overhearing management policy based on historical information,which could effectively decrease the impact of interfering flows on system throughput.关键词：network coding;wireless network coding;overhearing buffer;coding performance3|1166|2更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：It is proposed that a matrix with row number 2 is created by original signal and is processed by singular value decomposition (SVD),the component signal corresponding to the small singular value is retained,while the one corresponding to the big singular value is continuously used to create the same matrix to be continuously processed by SVD,by this way original signal can be decomposed into a group of component signals,which have the second order vanishing moment and can detect the accurate position of singularity with Lipschitz index 0 and 1 in original signal.Furthermore,the width of their detection impulse is small,and the modulus maxima in the component signals of the same level are proportional to the quantity of sudden change and the turning slope in the singular point.The defects of wavelet singularity detection,i.e.the deviation of singularity position and big width of detection impulse,are overcome and the faint impacts in the milling force signal are accurately detected by this method.关键词：singular value decomposition (SVD);dichotomizing recursion creation of matrix;singularity detection;signal processing2|1449|8更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：A new type of time-frequency distribution with complex-lag argument (CTD) is proposed recent years.For monocomponent signal,it provides a very high time-frequency concentration.However,for multicomponent signal,CTD realized by definition or traditional frequency domain convolution method may gain a lot of cross terms.In this paper,three aspects of modifications have been done to traditional frequency domain convolution method of CTD.A new modified frequency domain convolution method of CTD suitable for multicomponent signal is proposed.CTD realized by the method which proposed by this paper provides very high time-frequency concentration and the cross-terms are greatly reduced at the same time.This fact is proven by simulation results.关键词：time-frequency distribution;time-frequency distributions with complex-lag argument;multicomponent signal;convolution in frequency domain2|990|2更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：The amplitude and phase modulation caused by the rotating transmit antenna pattern results in pulses loss and phase reversal within the direct-path pulse train.The loss mechanisms of signal to noise ratio (SNR) were discussed for these modulation phenomena.With respect to the ordinal number of pulses loss or/and phase reversal happened,the analytical expressions for the peak output of CAF were derived.Simulation results show that the maximum loss in SNR is less than 4 dB,and the SNR loss curves of different Doppler frequencies and number of pulse loss are conformed to the analysis in theory.The maximum error of Doppler frequency estimation is about 0.75 of the frequency resolution cell.关键词：passive bistatic radar (PBR);cross-ambiguity function (CAF);Antenna Pattern;direct path pulses loss;phase reversal2|1149|1更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：A method of adaptive waveform design for multiple targets recognition is proposed.It includes three main parts:first,a new information theoretic criterion which is the mutual information between the received signal and the weighted linear sum of the target impulse responses (WLS-TIR) is proposed;second,a method of calculating the weights is developed;third,a strategy of adaptively adjusting the waveforms for multiple targets recognition is present.The simulation results show that the proposed method increases the performance of a radar system apparently for multiple targets recognition,besides,it is realistic and feasible.关键词：cognitive radar;radar target recognition;multiple targets;adaptive waveform design2|1299|7更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：By introducing speech,a multiple audio watermarking algorithm for database based on blind source separation is presented.The watermarking,a mixture of the speech signals of multiple copyright owners is inserted into database.After multiple watermarking is extracted,the speech signals of copyright owners will be separated by blind source separation algorithm based on maximum signal noise ratio.The speeches are matched by speech recognition technology based on DWT algorithm in order to prove that speeches are owned by multiple copyright owners.关键词：database watermark;blind source separation;audio;copyright protection2|1674|3更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：A novel invariant region-shape descriptor based on Fourier transform is proposed in this paper.In this method,a shape pixel-matrix is firstly generated by image re-sampling using polar raster.Two times of 1D Fourier transforms and a correcting operator of phase are then conducted against the shape pixel matrix.The resulting matrix formed by the Fourier coefficients of low frequency is used to describe the region shape.The obtained shape descriptor not only preserves the phase information of the Fourier coefficients,but also achieves invariance to translation,scale and rotation.The experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms the existing Fourier region-shape descriptor and Zernike moment descriptor.关键词：Fourier transform;region-shape descriptor;image retrieval2|1253|9更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：Previous qualitative spatial reasoning (QSR) studies the qualitative constraints satisfaction problem for single relations on single kind of objects.Heterogeneous QSR is proposed,which includes the spatial reasoning for heterogeneous spatial objects,heterogeneous spatial relations and the fusion of qualitative and quantitative objects.The combination of more than three heterogeneous relations is studied,while the previous works focused on two relations.The reasoning algorithm for heterogeneous objects is given,while previous works only studied the representation models.The spatial reasoning which combines qualitative objects and quantitative objects is put forward.An alternative expression for this problem is the extension from a partial solution to a global solution.These results can be applied to Ambient Intelligence and other applications.关键词：qualitative spatial reasoning;combining multi-types spatial relations;combining multi-types spatial objects;qualitative and quantitative spatial information fusion2|1059|0更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：The key operation of the automata-theoretic approach for model-checking is an emptiness checking algorithm,which can tell whether a finite state system satisfies its properties.It is usually done on standard Büchi automata with a single acceptance condition,whose state size is very large and the state space explosion is prone to happen.In this paper,a heuristic SCCs emptiness checking algorithm for generalized büchi automata is proposed,which is based on the on-the-fly algorithm,and can compute accepting runs of transition-based generalized Büchi automaton by heuristic depth first searching and detecting for strongly connected components.The correctness and feasibility of our method have been confirmed by theoretical proofs and experimental results.Compared with the traditional methods,while transition-based generalized Büchi automaton is not empty,the time and memory consumption are reduced in our method.关键词：model checking;Büchi automata;on-the-fly algorithm;emptiness checking2|1231|1更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：This study proposed a mutation testing method based on comparison of paths.First,whether a mutation is killed is determined by comparing the traversed paths;then,a model of test data generation for mutation testing based on path coverage is proposed.In the mathematic model,the objective is to kill the mutation and the constraint is to traverse the chosen path.Finally,we applied the proposed method to some typical programs.The experimental results show that the proposed method can not only reduce the difficulty of mutation testing,but also improve the efficiency of generating test data.关键词：mutation testing;path comparison;test data;genetic algorithm2|1326|4更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：Considering the inefficiency in model and scene reconfiguration,difficulty in modification and complexity in motion-control using current 3D modeling technologies,we researched a reconfigurable 3D modeling method based on gene recombination.Based on hierarchical indexing,a new motion control method applying to reconfigurable character modeling was proposed.Path-planning method on Characteristic model in intelligent area was analyzed.Finally,an artificial animal simulation framework,based on reconfiguration,was given.The function of each important component of the framework was proposed.关键词：model reconfigurable method;hierarchical indexing;scene manager;simulation platform1|1279|0更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：Dynamic detection technology of Rootkit malicious code has been studied.It summarizes typical dynamic system API functions which are called by Rootkit malicious codes.It extracts behavioural characters of the typical system API functional series accompany with the running of malicious code,forms feature vectors by counting up the generating elements important degree of system call series,uses fuzzy membership function and normalization fuzzy weights vector,and comes to the fuzzy pattern recognition conclusion with the use of weighted averaging method.It exactly locates the types of Rootkit malicious code based on the analysis method of layered multi-attributes support virtual machine,according to the subtasks constructed by the independent API system call behaviours,and with the calculation of hamming distance of dynamic behaviour properties.Experiments indicates the proposed dynamic detection method of combining fuzzy pattern recognition with support virtual machine technology not only improves the accuracy rate of Rootkit automatic detection but also has the ability of detecting the previous unknown type malicious code.关键词：network security;malicious code;fuzzy pattern recognition;support virtual machine;application programming interface system call2|1191|4更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：Overlapping coalition formation is a very challenging topic in complex intelligent systems.When an agent with insufficient resources may join in several different tasks but can not satisfy those tasks' need at the same time,resource conflicts will take place.To tackle such scenarios,this paper mainly focuses on how to revise an invalid two-dimensional binary encoding into a valid one to resolve conflicts over the usage of joint resources.A dynamic virtual coalition is proposed to inherit the surplus resources of all feasible coalitions to join and help other invalid coalitions.Finally,contrastive experiments are made to show that the proposed algorithm does not discard any invalid encoding and is more effective to resolve possible resource conflicts.关键词：complex intelligent systems;multi-agent systems;overlapping coalitions;two-dimensional binary encoding;virtual coalition2|1206|5更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：With the widespread application of 3D motion capture system,the fact that both sampling frequency and storage for motion database are increasing causes various problems.In this paper,the concept of asynchronous resampling on multi-channel signals is proposed for motion data compression.Theoretical proof on objective and subjective constraint condition of human motion is provided,which contributes to asynchronous sampling for reducing redundancy in order to get higher compression ratio than synchronous sampling based methods.By means of cubic spline function an adaptive asynchronous resampling is achieved for 3d motion data compression.Extensive experiments on motion data show that the proposed algorithm accomplishes high compression ratio at different motion stage,among which the highest one reaches 13.24.Moreover,when the error is 0.5 cm per marker the pose can be reconstructed without visual defects.关键词：human motion;data compression;asynchronous resampling;cubic spline2|1308|1更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：Most one-class classification algorithms measure similarity based on Euclidean distance between samples.Unfortunately,the Euclidean distance couldn't reveal the internal distribution of some datasets,and so reduced the descriptive ability of these methods.A distance metric learning algorithm was proposed to improve the performance of one-class classifiers in this paper.Compared with existing distance metric learning algorithm,the algorithm only needed to provide target class data,it could effectively solve distance metric learning problem for one-class samples in high-dimensional space by imposing sample distribution prior and sparsity prior with l1-norm constraint on the distance metric,and the formulation could be efficiently optimized in a block coordination descent algorithm.The learned metric can be easily embedded into one-class classifiers,the simulation experimental results show that the learned metric can effectively improve the description performance of one-class classifiers,in particular the description of covering classification model and obtain better generalization ability of one-class classifiers.关键词：pattern recognition;Sparse distance metric learning;L1-norm;One-class classifier2|1205|3更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：For the disadvantages of the existing method of bionic polarization navigation,that calculates the navigation direction angle based on the polarization information of the local sky region,a method is proposed to calculate the navigation direction angle based on the symmetrical distribution of the atmospheric polarization mode.The function of polarization response sum is defined according to the symmetry of the atmosphere polarization mode,a finite number of sampling points of the atmospheric polarization are acquired to calculate the position of the solar meridian and to determine the navigation direction angle.The corresponding validation experiment is also given to test the method of navigation direction angle calculation using the symmetry of the atmospheric polarization distribution mode.关键词：atmosphere polarization pattern;solar meridian;the function of polarization response sum;navigation direction angle2|2095|16更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：With the explosion of novel wireless applications,the increasing growth of spectrum requirement has outpaced available spectrum resources.Cognitive Radio Network (CRN) has emerged as a promising solution to address the above dilemma by dynamically sharing spectrum among users.Recently,CRN technology has attracted great research interests as well as efforts.In this paper,we review the state-of-the-art of spectrum allocation techniques in CRNs.We first illustrate the technical background of CRNs,and then analyze the key issues in spectrum allocation algorithms design.Following that we review the design rationale and technical feature of typical allocation models,and further investigate the implementation mechanism of classical algorithms for each model.Finally,we envision the possible issues for future work on spectrum allocation.关键词：cognitive radio networks;spectrum allocation;algorithms3|4155|23更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：Cognitive learning is a very important part for cross-layer design in cognitive radio networks (CRNs).CRNs are required to take advantage of the known cross-layer parameters for learning environment and reconfiguring the network.This paper proposes a cross-layer learning scheme for CRN based on rough set,builds database of case events,knowledge base and rule matcher.This model solves the cross-layer learning in CRNs through combining data discretization,attribute reduction,value reduction and rule generation.By comparing the simulation results of typical testing data sets,a group of rough set algorithms are selected for the proposed model.The simulation results show that the set of algorithms can effectively solve accuracy and validity of knowledge extraction,rule generation for CRN cross-layer learning.The proposed model can be validly used in knowledge learning for CRNs.关键词：cognitive radio networks;rule generation;learning engine;cross-layer design2|1113|1更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：A new synchronization method for asymmetrically clipped optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (ACO-OFDM)-based optical wireless communications systems with the superimposed m sequence is proposed.The pseudo-noise (PN) sequence modulated by ACO-OFDM as training sequence is sent with a data symbol in the same symbol cycle.Receiver by using local sequence and the received signal correlation operation,accumulates the energy of the superimposed training sequence in order to achieve timing synchronization.Via simulation,both in LOS channel and diffuse channel,the proposed method has better synchronization accuracy,lower timing offset estimator variance,and the flexibility of time and power allocation,improves the bandwidth efficiency.关键词：optical wireless communications;asymmetrically clipped optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing;timing synchronization;superimposed training2|1459|3更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：Coverage is one of the hot research topics in wireless sensor networks,which indicates sensing QoS by wireless sensor networks.Motivated by the existing coverage-enhancing algorithm of wireless multimedia sensor network,a new three dimensional sensor perception model is established and a coverage-enhancing algorithm based this model (TDPCA) is proposed.This algorithm divided the three-dimensional perception model into pitch angle and deviation angle,thus the best optimal pitch angle is calculated according the location of monitoring area and nodes,and then deviation angle is optimized based on particle swarm optimization,which eliminate overlap and blind perception area effectively.Experimental results show that compared with the existing three-dimensional cover-enhancing algorithm in wireless sensor network,sensation overlap area and blind spots may be eliminated by TDPCA,and thus ultimate coverage performance of the wireless sensor network can be enhanced.关键词：wireless multimedia sensor networks;three-dimensional perception model;coverage-enhancing;particle swarm optimization2|1475|10更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：There are generally two categories of RAID6 codes in their code structures,horizontal codes and vertical codes.Horizontal codes are very easy to be extended to an arbitrary length,while the lengths of vertical codes are usually restricted.We propose a novel and efficient code shortening algorithm for vertical codes,by which the length of a vertical code can be extended to an arbitrary given one.The shortening algorithm maintains the MDS (Maximum Distance Separable) property of the vertical codes.In the context of our shortening algorithm for vertical codes,we conduct an performance analysis on the representative vertical and horizontal RAID6 codes at all code lengths,and reveal the impacts of the code shortening algorithms on the performance of the RAID6 codes in various performance metrics.关键词：redundant array of independent disk 6(RAID6) codes;horizontal codes;vertical codes;code shortening;performance analysis2|1291|1更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：By imitating the function of receptive fields of the primary visual cortical neurons,we proposed a color-constancy model that combines the ideas of image derivative framework and non-negative sparse coding.From the standpoint of image processing,statistical measures showed that the color compensation ability of the proposed model can be comparable to the current best technical methods.In the view of computational neuroscience,our results also provide support for the notion that primary visual cortex plays critical role on the capacity of color constancy.关键词：color constancy;derivative framework;non-negative sparse coding;primary visual cortex;receptive field2|1366|2更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：The echo of accelerating targets can be approximated as a linear frequency modulated signal which may degrades the MTD's coherent integration performance.This paper presents an LFM detection method based on both discrete polynomial phase transform (DPT) and the fractional Fourier transform (FRFT).First,the interrelation between frequency resolution,cross-correlation delay,pulse length and integration performance of the classic DPT algorithm are analyzed.The result shows that detection performance of the DPT algorithm with a small time delay can be improved 3dB than classical algorithm.This is helpful to detect accelerating target under low SNR,but causes large parameter estimation error.Second,based on DPT algorithm,the FRFT is applied to further improve the accuracy of chirp rate estimation.When the input signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is greater than-11 dB,one-dimensional Newton's iteration method can help to improve the operation speed in the fractional domain.Finally,the algorithm complexity and the theory of estimation error are presented,and the validity of proposed algorithm is verified by simulation results which make the theory perfect.关键词：accelerating Target Detection;DPT;FRFT;Newton's iteration method3|1388|13更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：For the case when the search space is confined to a two-dimensional complex subspace,if the total number of an unsorted database is sufficiently large,then a unique desired state can still be found with high success probability provided any two sets of phase rotation angles,which are completely independent (unrelated to each other) but the number of elements in one of the sets is relatively small compared to the total number of an unsorted database,satisfy the multiphase matching equation.In this paper we showed that for a quantum search problem with some specific requirements,one may combine the multiphase matching equation and the classical exhaustive algorithm such that a unique desired state can be found with success probability almost close to unity.Finally,we gave a numerical example.关键词：Grover quantum search algorithm;two-dimensional complex subspace;multiphase matching equation;exhaustive algorithm2|1085|3更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：Based on the adaptive multi-tree search anti-collision algorithm,we proposed an improved adaptive multi-tree search anti-collision algorithm (IAMS) by optimizing the prefix sent by readers.Our algorithm reduces idle time slots by choosing the number of search tree branches adaptively according to the collision factor and optimizing the query prefix of quadtree.By mathematical analysis,we accurately predict the total number of time slots required for the tag identification in IAMS algorithm.Simulation results show that the IAMS algorithm has faster identification speed and higher system throughput.关键词：RFID(radio frequency identification);anti-collision algorithms;multi-tree;adaptive2|1598|32更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：The theory and model of auditory peripheral has made great progress,and has been widely used in speech signal processing.The text combined Gammatone filter and Meddis model to simulate processing mechanism of cochlear,and modified parameters of Meddis model according to the characteristics of underwater acoustic signals.Based on the Gammatone-Meddis auditory peripheral model,an approach to extract features from underwater target signal was presented.Then a twenty-three dimension feature vectors were obtained.With the feature vectors,the training and recognition processes was performed.The real sea experiments show that the features can classify effectively and the recognition ratio may arrive 94% above,that the features are robust and the capability of recognition does not decline when convolution noises are added to original signals.Finally,the experiments prove that both nonlinear selecting frequency by basement membrance and inner hair cells can restrain noise.关键词：underwater acoustic signal processing;auditory model;target recognition;feature extraction2|1662|15更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：A parameter selecting method of Multiple Vortex Ring Microburst Model(MVRMM) based on NPSO (Nested Particle Swarm Optimization) is propesed, which can select the parameters of MVRMM by any proportion between maximal horizontal velocity and maximal vertical velocity.The nested particle swarm structure is designed which contained parent swarm and subswarms.Find the maximal horizontal and vertical velocity with subswarms,and find the optimal parameters with parent swarm.Calculate several parameters of MVRMM by this method,which the proportion between maximal horizontal velocity and maximal vertical velocity is between 0.3 to 0.7.And the error between the factual proportion and the setting proportion is within 10-4.关键词：microburst model;multiple vortex ring model;particle swarm optimization;wind shear;flight simulation2|1587|2更新时间：2025-07-16
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