最新刊期
卷 41 ， 期 6 ， 2013
- 摘要：Conventional two dimensional(2D)autofocus algorithms didn't take advantage of the priori information on the structure of phase error.They often suffered from lack of redundancy to accurately estimate the 2D phase error.In this paper,a knowledge aided(KA)2D autofocus approach is presented,which is based on exploiting the priori knowledge on the phase error structure.First,as a prerequisite for the proposed KA method,the analytical structure of residual 2D phase error in SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar)imagery is investigated in the polar format algorithm framework.Then,by incorporating this prior information,a 2D autofocus approach is proposed.The new method only requires an estimate of azimuth 1D phase error,while the 2D phase errors can then be computed directly from the estimated azimuth phase error.Experimental results indicate the effectiveness of the proposed method.关键词：synthetic aperture radar;2D autofocus;prior knowledge aided;polar format algorithm2|2779|4更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：A three-dimensional imaging method for airborne forward-looking array radar is presented in this paper,in which the technique for the estimation of signal source number and direction of arrival(DOA),usually used in array signal processing,is applied.On the basis of two-dimensional imaging,the vector constructed from the images among multiple continuous pulses could be presented as the summation of multiple sine signals from different scatters after the preprocessing of these images,and thus high resolution processing techniques could be used to estimate the number and the frequency of the sine signals,which can be applied to determine the three-dimensional image of the scene.Compared to the traditional imaging method with three-dimensional matched filtering,the method in this paper makes use of the matched filtering of the broadband signal to realize the high resolution over the along-track orientation,as well as the successive pulse signal to realize the high resolution over the altitude orientation.Moreover,the method can reduce the restriction to the flight trajectory because only dozens of pulses are used,and the aircraft can carry out flying more flexible.Compared to the interferometric three-dimensional imaging method,this method could detect and recover every scatter even if multiple scatters are projected to the same pixel,which is usually called for layover.Meanwhile,the method directly use the data in the same pixel for detection to estimate the image correlation matrix,and therefore can realize the there-dimensional imaging effectively even in the situation of seriously inhomogeneous images.关键词：three-dimensional imaging;forward-looking array radar;estimation of signal source number;estimation of direction of arrival;space smoothing2|1672|2更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：A quantum dot thermoelectric engine consists of a quantum dot embedded between two thermal reservoirs at different temperatures and chemical potentials.Based on stochastic master equation,the steady expressions for the particle current of tunneling electrons between two reservoirs are derived analytically.Moreover,the amount of heat extracted from the reservoirs per unit time,the power output and the efficiency are calculated.The performance characteristics curves between the power output and the efficiency are plotted by numerical simulation.The influence of the applied magnetic field on the performance characteristics of the engine is analyzed.Lastly,the variation of the corresponding efficiency at the maximum power output with the ratio of the temperatures between two reservoirs is discussed and the corresponding efficiency is compared with Carnot efficiency and CA efficiency.关键词：single-electron tunneling;quantum dot thermoelectric engine;efficiency;nonequilibrium and irreversible thermodynamics2|1262|0更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：Contention-collision cancellation access control mode is an important access control mode in star networks.Due to the complexity of mathematical analysis for this mode in double-star networks,so far only the study on the condition of heavy load has been reported.Furthermore,the reliability of networking technology is dramatically improved,so that the instance of failed service is approximately ignored.Based on the above points,we formulate the general load double-star network combining light load and heavy load.Then we derive the expended waiting time,which is used to evaluate the performance of double-star network.Finally,we validate the mathematical result through simulation.The conclusion not only provides the theoretical foundation for the application of reliable double-star network,but also firstly resolves non-classical queueing model L\G\n=2\RSS,and expands the theory of random service system.关键词：high reliable double-star network;contention-collision cancellation control mode (C-CC);extended Kendall model;mathematical analysis2|1115|0更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：In order to enhance the local optimization capability of quantum-inspired evolutionary algorithm (QEA),a novel QEA incorporating inverse learning mode is proposed based on adaptive tabu search.In this algorithm,the neighborhood structure and tabu tenure can be adjusted dynamically casing quantum entanglement states,so that the conflict between intensification and diversification is well solved.At the same time,a novel quantum updating mode named inverse learning is designed to help individuals get out of inferior region.Therefore,better balance between exploration and exploitation can be achieved to escape from a local optimum.Experiment results show that local optimization ability has been advanced effectively through the proposed algorithm.关键词：quantum-inspired evolutionary algorithm;adaptive;tabu search;function optimization;combinatorial optimization2|1497|4更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：Aiming at the contradictory between measurement range and resolution in the traditional time synchronization technology,a high-resolution time synchronization detection method with wide range is proposed on the basis of time interval measurement.Using the accuracy and stability of electromagnetic wave signal transmission in a specific medium,combining the different frequency phase detection principle without frequency normalization between any signals,and based on the conversion of time and space relations,a time-frequency measurement technique based on length vernier is used in navigation satellite for the synchronization detection of 1pps signal,which improves the resolution of the time difference measurement of 1pps signal.Moreover,the multi-levels measurement method formed by combining the technique and the traditional time interval measurement method with high precision has a wide measurement range in time and frequency measurement field.It was found that the method is reasonable and scientific in our experiment.Experimental results show that the measurement resolution with 50ps can be obtained in this method,and its stability is better than 10ps.The novel method may be ussful for providing the theoretical guidancethe and the key technical support of time synchronization to the chinese high-tech areas,such as aeronautics and astronautics,navigation and positioning,communication,metrologica,radar,astronomy and so on.关键词：time synchronization;different frequency phase detection;satellite navigation;multi-levels measurement2|2126|5更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：Polarimetric microwave radiometer is a new passive microwave remote sensor used to measure ocean surface wind field.Digital correlator is the core component of polarimetric radiometer.Compared to analog correlator,the digital correlator radiometer has the configurable,highly integrated and easy-to-control features/At the same time,digital technology will bring radiometer quantization error and phase jitter.Detailed error analysis is the way to verify the feasibility of digital technology in fully polarimetric microwave radiometer.The quantitative error is analyzed.According to practical application,the error caused by multi-bit digital technology can be ignored in the overall system.关键词：quantization error;phase jitter;digital technology;fully polarimetric microwave radiometer2|1197|3更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：Recently,a lot of coding scholars show a great interest in the study of constacyclic codes and constacyclic self-dual codes over the residue rings.In this paper,by utilizing some related linear codes,we first give the general theory of constacyclic self-dual codes of length N over a class of special finite chain rings.Using the obtained results,we give the sufficient conditions of the existence of constacyclic self-dual codes of length N over the ring.Finally,we determine the structures of some constacyclic self-dual codes of length N over the ring and give their generator polynomials.关键词：constacyclic codes;dual codes;self-orthogonal codes;cyclotomic cosets2|1539|10更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：The notion of quantum Büchi automaton (LVBA for short)is introduced,by means of quantum state construction,the equivalence of an LVBA and an LVSBA with crisp transition function is proved,based on this,the algebraic and level characterizations and also the Büchi characterization of quantum infinite regular languages are investigated,and also the closed properties of those quantum infinite regular languages under some regular operations are dealt with.By providing the concept of monadic second-order quantum logic(LVMSO in short),the monadic second-order logic characterizations of infinite regular languages recognized by quantum Büchi automata are presented,which deepen and generalize the fundamental Büchi theorem to quantum setting.关键词：quantum logic;quantum Büchi automaton;quantum infinite regular language;algebraic characterization;monadic second-order quantum logic;Büchi theorem2|1156|1更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：In network intrusion detection,the modes of attack are more and more complex and diversified.Network multi-stage attack has been the main form of current attack.Intelligent planning was used in artificial intelligence,makes the fields knowledge as planning domain,and the issues to be solved as planning problems.In this paper,intelligent planning was used in recognition of multi-stage attack,and based on this,a multi-stage planning problem recognize model was proposed,in order to provide an useful exploration of network attack data formal description.The model is described in PDDL,and evaluation shows the proposed model have well availability.关键词：multi-stage attack;intelligent planning;security planning problem;PDDL2|1540|2更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：According to the problem that partial path transmission is better than the full path when there is a big difference in the quality of the path in concurrent multipath transfer(CMT)environment,the fitting relationship of the path average throughput,packet loss rate and delay is established.A retransmission strategy named RTX_PW using path weight is proposed,and this strategy can decrease the receive buffer block and improve the throughput of concurrent multipath transfer.Finally,simulation results show the performance of RTX_PW outperforms that of the traditional retransmission strategies of RTX_CWND and RTX_SSTHRESH.关键词：concurrent multipath transfer;path weight;receive buffer blocking;throughput2|1240|1更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：It is known that error-correcting output codes (ECOC) is a common way to model multiclass classification problems,in which the research of encoding based on data especially attracts attentions.In this paper,we proposed a method for learning error-correcting output codes with the help of a single layered perception neural network.To achieve this goal,the code elements of ECOC are mapped to the weights of network for the given decoding strategy,and an object function with the constrained weights used as a cost function of network.After the training,we can obtain a coding matrix including lots of subgroups of class.Experimental results on artificial data and UCI with logistic linear classifier (LOGLC) as the binary learner show that our scheme provides better performance of classification with shorter length of coding matrix than other state-of-the-art encoding strategies.关键词：multiclass categorization;error-correcting output codes;neural network2|1540|1更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：For the bandwidth limitation and unstable network topology in wireless video sensor networks(WVSNs),an energy-efficient,distance-aware and QoS-guaranteed multi-path routing(EDQMR)protocol for WVSNs is proposed in this paper.The optimum routing is selected in the protocol comprehensively considering constrains such as delay,the maximum hop distance and the node residual energy.Simulation results show that when delay requirements are met,compared to existing protocol AOMDV,the proposed EDQMR can significantly enhance the packet delivery ratio while prolonging the network lifetime.关键词：WVSNs;QoS-guaranteed;multi-path;routing protocol2|1594|5更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：IM(Instant Messaging) is used widely,which is an avenue for the propagation of IM malicious codes.To restrain IM malicious codes,we proposed a collaborative defending scheme based on social computing.Users can obtain experience after they browse through web pages and run malicious codes.Based on the trust between a user and his friends,through social computing,the experience and the checking results about IM malicious codes from different antivirus softwares on hosts are collected to result in collective intelligence.The platform used in the scheme is the social network formed by IM tool.Dynamic trusts on friends are calculated according to massages from friends.The scheme is a distributed system which is implemented in clients.Users collaborate with their friends to slow down the propagation of IM malicious codes.The experiments show all nodes in the social network are immune at last in the case when most users accept the warning,and the defending capacity of the whole social network is enhanced.关键词：social network;IM network;IM worm;social computing;social trust;collective intelligence2|1592|0更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：This paper proposes a new media access control protocol with continuity provisioning (CP-MAC) by converging time division multiple access and contention window differential service mechanism for the continuous services.The continuous access probability would be guaranteed by a priority method.We give the mathematical framework by Markov chain model in terms of the system capacity,latency and the blocked gain of the general users in unsaturated networks.Compared with the current protocols,CP-MAC can access the network with a higher probability and lower latency while there is no any system capacity loss for the continuous users.关键词：cognitive radio (CR);unsaturated networks;media access control (MAC);continuity2|1799|1更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：An invariant feature extraction method called GIFT(Gabor scale-Invariant Feature Transform)is proposed,which has multi-characteristic scales.Firstly,by using 2D Gabor filter bank to model the biological cognitive computational model,intuitional and robust keypoints are detected.It is accordant with vision perceptive characteristic.Secondly,multi-characteristic scales of the detected keypoints are selected based on the Gabor kernel function,and then multi-characteristic descriptors with high distinctiveness are obtained.Finally,a feature matching strategy for multi-characteristic scales is designed,which increases the reliability of feature matching.The comparison experimental results on the standard dataset show that the proposed GIFT outperforms SIFT on both feature matching rate and robustness.关键词：invariant feature;local invariant feature;characteristic scale;Gabor filter bank2|3517|10更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：In order to overcome the drawback of localization accuracy for intraframe tampering detection based on video watermarking,this paper proposes a novel video watermarking generation and intraframe tampering detection algorithm based on feature representation of MPEG-4(Moving Picture Experts Group-4) video content by compressed sensing(CS).First,U and V,feature parameters of I-VOP(Intra-Video Object Plane) frame,are extracted utilizing projection of DCT(Discrete Cosine Transform) measurement matrix of the CS,generate the CS-watermarking of the video content,and embed the CS-watermarking data into the coefficients of low frequency and high frequency of DCT domain in the Y component of image.Compared to Hash-watermarking generating algorithm,experiment results show that the CS-watermarking algorithm has better data recovery capability and localization accuracy for video intraframe tampering detection.关键词：compressed sensing;moving picture experts group-4(MPEG-4);video watermarking;tamper detection2|1500|2更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：A spectral algorithm using weighted sparse coding is proposed for visual saliency detection in this paper.This algorithm is able to improve the accuracy of the traditional spectral saliency detection approaches while preserving their advantage of fast processing speed.Based on the traditional sparse coding algorithm,the sub-codes are weighted according to their incremental coding length.Then,the image is encoded by weighted sparse coding instead of directly transforming the raw images into frequency domain.Finally,we improve the multi-channel method developed in a recently published algorithm called image signature through information theory.Our method yields the saliency map with the form of the Shannon self-information.The experimental comparisons between the proposed and 9 state-of-the-art approaches and the analysis of complexity of our algorithm demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our method.关键词：saliency detection;weighted sparse coding;spectral algorithm;information theory2|945|0更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：Blind recognition of channel coding plays an important role in the field of non-cooperative signal processing,which has been extended from the signal level to the information level.Blind recognition of channel coding is widely used in the fields of intelligence communication,information interception and information countermeasure.Firstly,the recognition algorithms of convolution code,BCH code,RS code,Turbo code and scramble code which are commonly used in modern digital communication systems were summarized and classified.Then the theories of the algorithms were described,and the computational complexity and performances in noisy environment of the algorithms were analyzed.Finally,the future of blind recognition of channel coding was pointed out based on the shortcoming of current algorithms and practical need.关键词：channel coding;convolution code;BCH code;Reed-Solomon code (RS code);Turbo code;scramble code;blind recognition4|6151|36更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：In view of some short comings,such as the premature convergence and bad local optimal searching capability in traditional intelligence methods for pattern synthesis,a novel algorithm is proposed based on quantum particle swarm optimization(QPSO) with probability amplitude coding of quantum bits,which is designed by use of stagnation detection and selective variation in particles and is applied in the pattern synthesis of array anttenas.The simulation results show its high performance in the pattern synthesis of array anttenas with multi-null and low sidelobe restrictions,and in addition,the algorithm proposed is superior to neighborhood particle swarm optimization(NPSO)and immune clonal selection algorithm(ICSA)in optimization accuracy and operation speed,and it has very good generalization capability.关键词：array antenna;pattern synthesis;probability amplitude coding of quantum bits;particle swarm optimization2|1504|5更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：Based on fuzzy support vector machine(FSVM),we presented a rough margin based fuzzy support vector machine(RFSVM)by introducing the effects of positions of training samples in the margin on decision hyper-plane in this paper.After computing the degree of fuzzy membership of each training point,we used these data for training to obtain the decision hyper-plane by maximizing rough margin's method.In this algorithm,points in the lower margin have major penalty than those in the boundary.We compared RFSVM with other support vector machine algorithms on several benchmark datasets.Experimental results show that RFSVM is effective and feasible.关键词：fuzzy support vector machine(FSVM);rough margin;classification;accuracy2|1352|0更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：Current Retinex algorithm applied in foggy image enhancement with fixed filter can't adapt to the situation of various depth of field and atomization.This paper presents a self-adaptive filter Retinex algorithm based on dark channel prior model.The model of dark channel prior reflects the information of field depth and distribution of atmosphere in foggy image.We are inspired to design an self-adaptive filter according to the local value of dark channel using different filters in different depth of field and foggy area to estimate the illumination component of the image,and to achieve the clarity of foggy image.Finally,we compare the result of the proposed algorithm with the result of HE algorithm and result of fixed filter MSR algorithm using the subjective observation and objective data analysis method.The comparison shows that the result of Retinex algorithm based on dark channel prior has better detail of image and global effect than that of the HE algorithm and fixed filter MSR algorithm.关键词：foggy image enhancement;Retinex algorithm;dark channel prior model;HE algorithm;MSR algorithm2|1784|12更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：The distortion of audio signal associated with watermarking has received little attention.We have obtained some distortion laws in this paper.When a certain alternative coefficient is modified in DCT(Discrete Cosine Transform) domain,the law of audio amplitude distortion meets the cosine curve after inverse DCT.For the DWT(Discrete Wavelet Transform) domain audio watermarking,the distortion of audio signal shows the shape of scaling function after inverse DWT if a certain approximation coefficient in DWT domain is justified.Furthermore,analysis on embedding watermark in DWT-DCT domain is performed.By derivations and experiments,we draw the conclusions that the relationships between the variation of sample value and that of the low frequency coefficients in DCT,that of the approximation coefficient in DWT,and that of the low frequency coefficient in hybrid domain,are linear respectively.Our conclusions are helpful to find the discontinuities due to embedding watermark,which may cause audible noise,and improve the efficiency of embedding watermark.关键词：audio watermarking;DCT;DWT;hybrid domain;audible noise2|1644|1更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：The three-dimensional whole tube model for an X-band coaxial multi-beam relativistic klystron amplifier is designed.With the integrated model,the high frequency characteristic analysis and the tube are presented.A three-dimensional full electromagnetic particle in cell code is used to simulate the absorption of injected microwave,and the fundamental harmonic modulated current when electron beams propagate through the input cavity and idler cavity gaps have also been simulated.A 1.3GW averaged microwave power over the oscillator period is generated by simulation with 600kV electron beam voltage,5kA current and 0.6T leading magnetic induction intensity,the frequency is 9.37GHz and the efficiency is 43%.关键词：relativistic klystron amplifier;X-band;coaxial multi-beam;particle in cell5|1151|0更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：In order to continue the Moore's law,three dimensional integrated circuit(3D IC)provides an efficient solution.Although 3D IC has a lot of advantages,it faces a set of challenges.Thermal dissipation is one of the most serious problems.In this paper,we proposed a scan architecture for 3D IC testing.Moreover,we develop a test ordering scheme in order to prevent hotspot in the 3D IC from getting higher.Experiment results present that the peak temperature can be reduced by 15%.When combined with test ordering scheme,the three dimensional scan tree can even reduce peak temperature by more than 25%.关键词：thermal driven;scan tree;3D IC(three dimensional integrated circuit);test ordering2|1392|7更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：Electroencephalography(EEG)is easily affected by ocular artifact(OA),which appears in EEG randomly as a big pulse.Based on discrete wavelet transform(DWT)and independent component analysis(ICA),a novel automatic method of OA removal,denoted as DWICA,was proposed.Firstly,DWT was applied to the recorded EEG and electrooculogram(EOG)to obtain multiple scale coefficients,and the combined coefficients were considered as the input for ICA.Secondly,the independent components were acquired based on FastICA algorithm with negentropy criterion.The angle cosine criterion was introduced to recognize ocular artifact component.Furthermore,the inverse algorithm of ICA was applied to project the independent components without OA to original electrodes.Finally,the EEG were reconstructed using the inverse algorithm of DWT,and then the pure EEG were obtained.Experimental results show that DWICA is preferable in automatic removal of OA.The method provides a new idea for on-line preprocessing of EEG signals.关键词：electroencephalography;ocular artifact;discrete wavelet transform(DWT);independent component analysis(ICA);automatic removal5|4981|13更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：Based on the linearity theory of transconductance amplifier and mathematical analysis,a method of improving linearity is presented.In this method,the mathematical analysis and simulation experiments proved that linearity of double ended input transconductor is better than single ended input transconductor.When one end input signal is 4/3 of the other end input signal and plus 1,the transconductor linear distortion can be minimized.A new transconductor is proposed according to the optimization measure.The simulation results show that the spurious free dynamic range of the transconductor is 60.25dB,and noise-floor reach up to -100dB.关键词：transconductance amplifier;linearity;double the input-double the output;harmonic distortion2|1777|0更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：As an important extension to conventional clustering algorithms,cluster ensemble techniques became a hotspot in machine learning area.In this paper,cluster ensemble problem was first viewed as a direct problem of seeking the best subspace.And then,we formally described the problem as an optimization problem with constraint according to linear algebra,and further transformed into a matrix low rank approximation problem by relaxing the discrete constraint.Lastly,a set of orthonormal basis of the best subspace was attained by solving the singular value decomposition problem of the hypergraph's weighted adjacent matrix.Hereby,a matrix low rank approximation-based algorithm was proposed,which called K-means algorithm to cluster objects according to their coordinates in the low dimensional space and obtained the final clustering result.Experiments on baseline datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm,and it outperforms other baseline algorithms.关键词：unsupervised learning;clustering analysis;cluster ensemble;matrix low rank approximation2|3030|7更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：Note onset detection is the preliminary work for recognition of high-level musical feature,such as pitch,rhythm,tempo and paragraphs,in content-based music information retrieval.This paper proposed two novel algorithms based on matching pursuit(MP):the algorithm of MP degree of explaination and the algorithm of MP change of partial.Firstly,the musical signals were decomposed through MP,and then the code books were analyzed with the two algorithms.Finally,a modified peak-picking algorithm was applied to generate note onset vectors.The experiments showed the performance of our algorithms was nearly as good as that of 2011 MIREX.关键词：note onset detection;matching pursuit;MP degree of explaination;MP change of partial3|1706|1更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：The statistics of the covariance matrix with the Wishart distribution is fully developed to be used in the data analysis of multilook polarimetric radar images.The determinant of the covariance matrix describes the distributed degree of target scattering,which gives a good performance in parameter estimation.In this paper a comparison has been performed among the determinant of the normalized covariance matrix,polarization entropy and polarization diversity,which all characterize the distributed degree of the random scattering.The mathematical relations among them are been presented with the two variables:the degree of polarization and the degree of direction.The differences among three characterizing methods only lie on the different combination of the two variables.Then the statistics of the determinant of the Wishart distribution is analyzed via Mellin transform.The log-cumulants are obtained from the distribution of the determinant of a complex Wishart distributed matrix based on its characteristic function of the logarithm of the determinant of a complex covariance matrix.The probability density function of the determinant of the matrix is derived.The maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) is put up to improve the precision of parameter estimation based on the distribution of the determinant of the matrix.Finally the simulated data and experiment data are used to verify the correctness of the above theory,and the results are according to our derivation.The statistics of the determinant and the novel ML estimator of the equivalent number of looks are helpful to target detection,parameter estimation and segmentation.关键词：radar polarimetry;covariance matrix;Mellin transform;method of-log-cumulants;degree of polarization(DOP);MLE2|2342|5更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：The probability density functions(PDF's)and cumulative distribution functions(CDF's)of complex random variables RVA's)are basis for calculating the probabilities of false alarm(PFA's)and probabilities of detection(PD's)in complex-valued signal detection theory.In this paper,some relationship between the complex statistical distributions and the real ones is investigated.The PDF's and CDF's of the complex F and complex Beta distributions,both central and noncentral,and the PDF of the central complex t distribution are derived.关键词：complex random variables;cumulative distribution function;complex-valued signal detection;probability density function;multichannel detection2|2059|1更新时间：2025-07-16
- 摘要：There are some features in object-oriented software,such as classes,encapsulation,inheritance,and dynamic connections.They make the division of object-oriented testing procedures and the choice of strategy different from traditional testing ideas.According to the characteristics of object-oriented software,the paper adopts the methods based on models for testing software and adds OCL(Object Constraints Language)constraints for sequence diagram of UML(United Model Language)design model and tests interaction among classes.The paper proposes the algorithm for generating EG(Execution Graph)and transforms SD(Sequence Diagram) to EG,and SD is constrainted by OCL for testing interaction among classes.In this algorithm,the testing problem for four major combined fragments including alt,loop,opt,break in the new features,and their nesting among them and the polymorphism,will be solved in sequence diagram of UML 2.0.In order to get the smallest complete test pathes,strategy for traversing EG and algorithm for generating test paths are presented.Finally,the paper proposes algorithm for determining test scenarios by testing pathes,deleting invalid scenarios by OCL constraints,and generating test cases.Experimental validation shows that our solution can test software based on UML sequence diagram and OCL.关键词：UML(United Model Language);sequence diagram;OCL(Object Constraints Language);execution graph (EG);test scenario;test case2|1597|3更新时间：2025-07-16
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