最新刊期

    42 7 2014
    • A Distributed Fountain Code for Cooperative Communications

      ZHU Kai-yan, WANG Hong-yu, SUN Wen-zhu, NIU Fang-lin
      Vol. 42, Issue 7, Pages: 1249-1255(2014) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2014.07.001
      摘要:In order to reduce computation complexity and latency in cooperative communication system based on fountain code,a distributed fountain code based cooperative transmission scheme was proposed.The design of two layer degree distribution was presented.The transmission latency for the distributed fountain code based cooperative transmission scheme and other conventional fountain code based transmission schemes was analyzed and compared.Results show that the total time consumed under the distributed fountain code based scheme can be significantly reduced compared to conventional fountain code based direct transmission and cooperative transmission when the packet erasure rate is big.With the increase of packet erasure rate,the advantage of the distributed fountain code based scheme is more evident.  
      关键词:cooperative communications;relay transmission;digital fountain codes;distributed LT codes   
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    • WANG Xu, HE Fan, FENG Hui, YANG Tao, HU Bo
      Vol. 42, Issue 7, Pages: 1256-1261(2014) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2014.07.002
      摘要:A joint carrier frequency offset (CFO) and channel tracking method for multiple-user multiple-input-multiple-output orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing (MU-MIMO-OFDM) uplink systems is proposed in this paper.We use the expectation maximization (EM) algorithm to solve the nonlinear problem,and use variational inference to approximate the posterior distribution of the latent variable.Besides,to reduce the impact of channel estimation deviation,we consider its distribution when estimating the RCFO.Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm obtains high tracking accuracy,and there is no error floor problem in the high SNR region.  
      关键词:joint carrier frequency offset and channel tracking;expectation maximization;variational inference   
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    • Single-Exposure Frequency-Domain Amplitude Encoding Compressive Imaging

      ZHANG Cheng, CHENG Hong, ZHANG Fen, SHEN Chuan, WEI Sui
      Vol. 42, Issue 7, Pages: 1262-1267(2014) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2014.07.003
      摘要:Super resolution (SR) is being considered as one of the "holy grails" of optical imaging and image processing.Different from the registration error and costly problem faced in multiple subpixel image registration fusion method to achieve super-resolution,this paper introduces the compressive sensing theory into super-resolution imaging,which benefit from the general sparse representation of most nature images,and proposes a novel single-exposure frequency-domain amplitude encoding compressive imaging method.Exploiting the 4-f Fourier optics architecture for modulating the image information by the 0/1 amplitude randomly in the frequency domain,low-resolution CCD device can then be used to records the corresponding measured values by integral downsampling and finally apply optimization methods to reconstruct the original high-resolution images from small number of measured values.Simulation experiments demonstrate that the 2D image information can be effectively acquired and reconstruction from the measured data by our proposed method.In addition,our method can effectively deal with large-scale image compressive imaging problem and thus has an important application prospects.  
      关键词:compressive imaging;image super-resolution;frequency-domain amplitude encoding;4-f optical architecture;single exposure   
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    • FANG Jie, LIU Ren-jin
      Vol. 42, Issue 7, Pages: 1268-1272(2014) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2014.07.004
      摘要:A common way for image reconstruction in frequency domain is the gridding algorithm.However,this approach is liable to introduce inaccuracies and is sensitive to the configuration of the sample points.So a new reconstruction method based on Voronoi diagrams is proposed in this paper.Firstly,the projection data of Voronoi diagram is generated quickly based on triangulation algorithm,data points on the convex shell with the infinite area of Voronoi diagram is turned into the finite compensation area by polynomial fitting and interpolation processing,then all the data points obtained the compensation area of Voronoi diagram.Secondly,the reconstruction algorithm of diffraction tomography using NUFFT(non-uniform FFT) and the density compensation by the area of Voronoi diagram is proposed,and the quality of reconstructed image has been greatly improved.Finally,the results of simulation showed that there is 27.32% less reconstructive time of 1/4 arc than the time of 1/2 arc in the case of considerable quality of reconstruction.  
      关键词:density compensation;diffraction tomography;non-uniform FFT;Voronoi diagrams   
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    • MI Zeng-zhen
      Vol. 42, Issue 7, Pages: 1273-1276(2014) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2014.07.005
      摘要:In order to solve the defects of SSIM algorithm for image quality evaluation,frequency and direction weighed to CSF in Wavelet domain was proposed.This method organic combination the multi-resolution characteristics of wavelet with bandpass characteristic of CSF curve,and get a new algorithm based on SSIM.Firstly,the frequency normalized CSF curves according to 1 octave level into five parts,and then 5 levels CDF 9/7 pairs of orthogonal wavelet decomposition and reconstruction,to get a low-frequency sub-band LL and a plurality of medium or high frequency sub-band HHi,HLi and LHi,then assign different weights according to different frequencies,different directions,which were multiplied with the corresponding sub-band SSIM values,and then do accumulate operations to obtain the weighted structural similarity in wavelet domain named WWSSIM.Experiments show that WWSSIM algorithm has high monotonicity,consistency,accuracy,and closer to human subjective visual experience.  
      关键词:image quality assessment;structural similarity index measurement(SSIM);contrast sensitivity function (CSF);wavelet decomposition and reconstruction   
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    • ZHAO Rong-chang, MA Yi-de
      Vol. 42, Issue 7, Pages: 1277-1283(2014) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2014.07.006
      摘要:A novel image region segmentation method is proposed to improve the efficiency and characteristic for segmented image coding.Based on human visual system and perceptive segmentation,a neural network with pulse-coupled and gradient-sharpened is introduced firstly.Then,a fitting function is used to smooth the neighboring similar stimulus and sharpen the non-continuous.In this way,neurons could find the accurate location of uniform regions and objective boundaries.At last,experimental results show the efficiency of the algorithm.The homogenous regions can be segmented from its background effectively and accurately.In addition,the segmented regions are corresponding to objects in scene.There are high-quality constructed image if this segmentation algorithm is adopted by segmented image coding.  
      关键词:image segmentation;segmented image coding;neural network;region smoothing;gradient sharpening   
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    • A Drift-Depth Control Scheme for Video Steganography in H.264 Stream

      YOU Xing, XIE Dong-feng, LI Bao-qing, YUAN Xiao-bing
      Vol. 42, Issue 7, Pages: 1284-1290(2014) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2014.07.007
      摘要:Distortion drift is a crucial factor for the embedding capacity and stability of H.264/AVC video in compression domain.In this work,considering practical application,we have exploited the substantive regularities that result in distortion drift.Accordingly,some improvements are made to adapt the influence of distortion drift.Firstly,a drift-depth strategy is proposed to improve the embedding invisibility and security,which can control the distortion range according to requirements of video quality.Secondly,through the analysis of the influence of different drift spreading range,more appropriate steganography positions are discovered to increase the embedding capacity and flexibility.Finally,a drift-depth control scheme is presented.Both analytical and simulation results show that our proposed scheme can improve embedding capacity and security,and meanwhile minimize distortion drift.  
      关键词:video steganography;prediction drift;drift-depth control;distortion compensation   
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    • MAP Based Ultrasound Image Decomposition and Denoising Method

      LI Chun-fang, YANG Xin, ZHANG Xu-ming, DING Ming-yue
      Vol. 42, Issue 7, Pages: 1291-1298(2014) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2014.07.008
      摘要:The speckle noise in ultrasound images reduces image resolution and contrast,and brings difficulty to subsequent image processing.Based on MAP (Maximum A Posteriori),the paper proposes an ultrasound image decomposition method,to decompose an observed image into a speckle-free true image and a speckle image.We use Field II to simulate an ultrasound image,and decompose it with the proposed method.By six tests with different parameters,we study how the weighted parameters influence the decomposition results.Then we use this method to decompose three real ultrasound images.The true image we get by decomposition can be seen as the denoised image,because it has good homogeneity,and preserves details and edges well.Both the true image and the speckle can be used in feature extraction,image segmentation,classification and so on.  
      关键词:image decomposition;maximum a posterior estimation;speckle noise;total variation denoising   
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    • XU Huan-yu, SUN Quan-sen, LI Da-yu, XUAN Li
      Vol. 42, Issue 7, Pages: 1299-1304(2014) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2014.07.009
      摘要:This paper proposes a projection based sparse representation and nonlocal regularization deblurring and denoising image restoration algorithm.The algorithm combines sparse representation via adaptive learned dictionary and nonlocal total variation,and the proposed regularization model is divided into three projection sub problems to solve to improve the efficiency.Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can preserve the detail information effectively,and have nice restoration results for images with different degree of degradation.The proposed algorithm achieves improvement on both visual appearance and objective indices compared with state-of-the-art methods.  
      关键词:image restoration;sparse representation;nonlocal total variation;regularization   
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    • Research on Steganographic Method Integrated in the Compressed Speech Codec

      YANG Wan-xia, YU Hui, HU Ping
      Vol. 42, Issue 7, Pages: 1305-1310(2014) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2014.07.010
      摘要:This paper proposes a kind of information hiding method which is based on dynamic codebook generating technique,together with the corresponding inserting method and extracting algorithm.This method greatly solves the problem of deficiency in anti-testing of code analysis,which is faced by the information hiding that is based on static codebook partition techniques.The experimental result shows that the proposed algorithm can get 450 bps steganographic capacities within 13.3 Kbps carrier rate,while the loss of PESQ value of speech with steganographic information is less than 6%.  
        
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    • ZHAI Yun, WANG Shu-peng, MA Nan, YANG Bing-ru, ZHANG De-zheng
      Vol. 42, Issue 7, Pages: 1311-1319(2014) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2014.07.011
      摘要:Classification in imbalanced datasets poses a great challenge to machine learning region,where the synthetic minority over-sampling technique(SMOTE)has become a powerful means and widely adopted as an effective method.But in generating new instances,SMOTE uses all instances in minority class such that it takes with over-generalization.To better solve the problem,a data mining method for imbalanced datasets based on one-sided link and distribution density of the minority(OSLDD-SMOTE)is proposed in this paper.OSLDD-SMOTE firstly selects the minority near the classification boundary using the one-sided link,then generates new instances with SMOTE based on the dynamic distribution density of these instances.Effects of synthetic degree on new generated instances and accuracy of the minority are respectively compared with the OSLDD-SMOTE,SMOTE,Borderline-SMOTE and Surrounding-SMOTE method.Furthermore,from the simulation results with 8 UCI datasets,our proposed method has the most accurate and robust performance on the G-mean,F-measure and AUC metrics.  
      关键词:classification in imbalanced datasets;one-sided link;distribution density;resample   
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    • GONG Dun-wei, HU Ying, ZHANG Yong
      Vol. 42, Issue 7, Pages: 1320-1326(2014) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2014.07.012
      摘要:Different features of a sampling datum have different quality as a result the influence of the environment and the equipment precision.For the feature selection of this kind of heterogeneous data,both the accuracy and the reliability of the classifier determined by a feature subset are required to simultaneously consider,which enhances the difficulty of selecting features.The problem of the feature selection of heterogeneous data is focused on in this paper,and a method of selecting features is presented based on multi-objective particle swarm optimization.In this method,the above problem is first converted to a multi-objective optimization problem by regarding the probability of selecting a feature as the decision variable.When particle swarm optimization (PSO) is employed to solve the converted problem,the global guider of particles is generated by Gaussian sampling so as to improve the performance of Pareto solutions in distribution.In addition,the particle to be disturbed is determined according to the speed of updating a particle in the archive to help the swarm jump out of local optima.The proposed method is applied to classify several benchmark data sets,and the experimental results demonstrate its effectiveness.  
      关键词:feature selection;heterogeneous data;multi-objective optimization;particle swarm optimization;Gaussian sampling   
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    • Micro-Aggregation Algorithm Based on Sensitive Attribute Entropy

      YANG Jing, WANG Chao, ZHANG Jian-pei
      Vol. 42, Issue 7, Pages: 1327-1337(2014) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2014.07.013
      摘要:In the process of clustering,inappropriate distance measure leads to unnecessary loss of information during the anonymous process,so it is a difficult problem to define a proper distance measurement for different types of variables.We put forward the concept of semantic attribute,and propose a coding hierarchy tree to represent semantic attribute and to reduce the information loss in the anonymous process.In the p-sensitive k-anonymity model,the uneven distribution of the sensitive attribute values in the clustering results may cause sensitive information disclosure,so we propose a micro-aggregation algorithm based on sensitive attribute entropy.Moreover,we propose the concept of anonymous protection factor to describe the degree of privacy protection.During the process of clustering,in order to improve the uniformity of the distribution of sensitive attribute values in the clustering results,the algorithm ensures the maximum of anonymous protection factor,so it can deal with the background knowledge attack and reduce the risk of privacy leaking.Finally,the rationality and validity of the algorithm is verified by experiment.  
      关键词:privacy preserving;code hierarchy tree;micro-aggregation;p-sensitive k-anonymity;sensitive attribute entropy   
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    • CHEN Zu-xi, XU Zhong-wei, HUO Wei-wei, YU Gang
      Vol. 42, Issue 7, Pages: 1338-1346(2014) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2014.07.014
      摘要:The key to model checking algorithm is the computation of strongest post condition.This article encodes the bounded model checking problem for linear hybrid automata as formula of SAT Modulo theories for linear arithmetic.We divided the formula into two specific parts to obtain the interpolation with a linear time complexity.According to the properties of Craig interpolation theorem for first order logic,the interpolation as an over-approximation strongest post condition and can replace the original strongest post condition used in symbolic model checking for hybrid automata with exponential time complexity.This method does not require to the transition relation is fully expanded the same as bounded model checking to check satisfiability,also.We implement the hybrid systems model checking algorithm without false counter-example using the over-approximation strongest post condition operator together with bounded model checking algorithm.Experiments show that our approach can be more efficient than bounded model checking for hybrid systems.  
      关键词:Craig interpolation;satisfiability modulo theories;linear hybrid automata;model checking;hybrid systems   
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    • LAI Yu-ping, DING Hong-wei, ZHOU Ya-jian, GUO Yu-cui, YANG Yi-xian
      Vol. 42, Issue 7, Pages: 1347-1352(2014) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2014.07.015
      摘要:Since the integration expression is present in the conjugate prior distribution,Bayesian estimation of the parameters in finite Beta-Liouville mixture models(BLM)is analytically intractable.In this paper,an approach based on the variational inference framework is proposed.Adopting gamma distributions to approximate the prior distributions of the parameter in BLM and using some reasonable non-linear approximations;the closed form solution for the posterior distribution of the parameters is obtained.Compared to the conventional expectation maximization(EM)algorithm,the proposed algorithm is able to simultaneously estimate the model parameters and determine the number of components;our method also avoids the problem of overfitting.Extensive experimental results based on the synthetic data sets and scenes classification show that the proposed method is efficient and feasible in terms of parameter estimation and model selection.  
      关键词:finite mixture models;Beta-Liouville distribution;factorized approximation;model selection;variational inference   
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    • The Research on Taxi Sharing Benefit Based on Tendency Estimation

      SONG Fei, LI Rong, ZHANG Si-dong, ZHANG Hong-ke
      Vol. 42, Issue 7, Pages: 1353-1359(2014) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2014.07.016
      摘要:An urban taxi sharing scheme based on VANET is proposed firstly.We elaborates the necessary processing of the data derived from 6499 GPS sets of Beijing taxis in operation and mainly analyzes the data from both macro and micro scopes.The location and timing of 81785 picking up points are obtained as well.The feasibility and benefits of the sharing scheme are discussed.Two different prediction methods,i.e.grey prediction and curve fitting,are employed to create mathematical models to predict the trend of picking up points.The conclusion is that by adopting the taxi sharing method,more than 1/3 of the picking up points and about 20~30% mileage will be reduced,which will certainly contribute towards relieving the traffic pressure and creating an environment-friendly city.  
      关键词:VANET;taxi;sharing scheme;data analyses   
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    • LI Zhe-tao, PAN Tian, ZHU Geng-ming, PEI Ting-rui
      Vol. 42, Issue 7, Pages: 1360-1364(2014) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2014.07.017
      摘要:Compressed sensing is a theory for signal description,sampling and reconstruction,the core issues of which are selection and construction of measurement matrix as well as reconstruction algorithm.This paper firstly presents the definition of sensing matrix with power average column coherence,and gets the preferential principle of measurement matrix according to the power average column coherence;then a construction algorithm of measurement matrix based on equiangular tight frame (ETF) and approximation method of eigenvector is proposed to decrease column coherence of sensing matrix.Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm decreases the coherence of sensing matrix efficiently.Meanwhile,the proposed algorithm obtains lower reconstruction error ratio compared with Gaussian,Elad's,Xu's,and Vahid's method with the same reconstruction algorithm.  
      关键词:compressed sensing;measurement matrix;column coherence;equiangular tight frame   
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    • WANG Hong-jian, LIU Guang, XUE Fei, CHEN Xue, YI Min, ZHAO Xin
      Vol. 42, Issue 7, Pages: 1365-1368(2014) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2014.07.018
      摘要:A simple but feasible method for the large and high frequency antenna patterns measurement is proposed in this paper.The computational electromagnetics method physical optics(PO) analysis based on targets data obtained by optical tests and finite element methods(FEM) is used to simulate the far field patterns and gains of the antenna.Because the optical testing systems have the accuracy well above the need for the microwave and terahertz(THz).Therefore the measurement data outline the real surface instead of ideal curve of the antenna.The PO simulations of currents integration of the real surface fitted by the sample spots represent the actual antenna radiation pattern.This method can also be used to evaluate the antenna radiation under special condition such as high and low temperature vacuum chamber test,THz antenna radiation test,deployable and inflatable antenna test(that are easily affected by gravity,wind and other environment etc.).The good agreement of the antenna patterns between direct test and simulations verifies the effectiveness and accuracy of this method.  
      关键词:electrical large antenna;optical testing;antenna patterns;terahertz   
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    • Parallel Resonant DC Link Inverter with Low-Loss Auxiliary Circuit

      WANG Qiang, LIU Yan-song, CHEN Xiang-xue, XING Yan
      Vol. 42, Issue 7, Pages: 1369-1373(2014) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2014.07.019
      摘要:A parallel resonant DC link inverter with low-loss auxiliary resonant circuit was proposed to improve efficiency of the inverter.Auxiliary resonant circuit was added to DC link of conventional inverter to make DC-bus voltage decreased to zero periodically,which realized zero-voltage operation of all switching devices in inverter.Auxiliary switching devices could also be turned on under zero-current and turned off under zero-voltage.In addition,only one auxiliary switch was in auxiliary resonant circuit so that control strategy was simple;auxiliary switch and resonant devices were all in parallel with DC-bus to reduce loss of auxiliary resonant circuit.The operation principle was analyzed.The equivalent circuits at different operation modes and conditions for realization of soft-switching were presented.A 5kW laboratory prototype had been built.Experimental results were demonstrated to confirm validity of soft-switching inverter presented.  
      关键词:soft-switching;zero-voltage;resonant;low-loss;inverter   
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    • Beamforming Algorithm Based on Central Moment

      GU Xin-yu, LI Xiu-kun
      Vol. 42, Issue 7, Pages: 1374-1378(2014) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2014.07.020
      摘要:The high-resolution underwater target detection has always been one of the important issues in the underwater acoustic signal processing.However,many of the high-resolution algorithms,such as MUSIC ESPRIT,suffer from poor estimation of the signal numbers which makes the direction-of-arrival (DOA) performance bad.A new high-resolution DOA method is proposed which makes use of the central moment without the prior information.The principle of the new method is explained and the advantage over other algorithms is discussed.Simulation result shows that the performance of proposed method which has good resolution and low sidelobe level is close to the conclusions of the theoretical analysis.  
      关键词:underwater target detection;central moment;beamforming;high-resolution   
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    • A New Quasi-Random LDPC Convolutional Codes and Window Decoding

      PENG Wan-quan, WU Xiao-bing, ZHANG Cheng-chang, FENG Wen-jiang
      Vol. 42, Issue 7, Pages: 1379-1386(2014) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2014.07.021
      摘要:Using column permutation,number setting,cutting and merging,a new(l,3,6)quasi-random LDPC convolutional codes is derived from Gallager LDPC block code.Aiming at this codes,the paper advances a windowed decoding,which the size of window sash is invariable and sliding step is optional,and it can considerably reduce the size of the register and decoding delay.The simulation defines the value range of sliding step and confirms the effectiveness of the construction method and windowed decoding,and also tests the BER performance of quasi-random LDPC convolutional codes with different constraint degrees.The results show that l=1535 can obtain an error-correcting ability about 1 dB from the capacity limit.  
      关键词:convolutional codes;low-density parity-check codes;time-varying periodic convolutional codes;pipeline decoding;windowed decoding   
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    • SHI Min-jia, LIU Yan
      Vol. 42, Issue 7, Pages: 1387-1391(2014) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2014.07.022
      摘要:We first give the structures of linear codes and the proposition of their Gray images.A complete weight enumerator of linear codes over ring R=Fp+vFp+v2Fp is defined;we define some weight enumerators of linear codes and their dual codes,and then discuss the relations between them.A MacWilliams identity between linear codes and their dual over R with respect to the complete weight enumerator is given.By using this identity,a symmetrized form MacWilliams identitiy between linear codes and their dual over the ring is also established,and MacWilliams identities with respect to Hamming and Lee enumerator can be as results of the symmetrized MacWilliams identitiy,we generalize the results in[7] using different method.  
      关键词:linear code;complete weight enumerator;symmetrized weight enumerator;MacWilliams identity   
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    • QI Yan-jie, LIU Zhang-fa
      Vol. 42, Issue 7, Pages: 1392-1397(2014) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2014.07.023
      摘要:The design of a direct digital frequency synthesizer (DDFS) is proposed in this paper.Parallel_CORDIC (Cordinate Rotation Digital Computer) algorithm module is used to replace the traditional look-up table method,the phase and amplitude of a one-to-one correspondence is realized,and outputs are sine and cosine waveforms that completely orthogonal in phase.The angle prediction and 4:2 Carry Save Adder (CSA) technologies are also applied in the design,the calculation speed is 41.7% faster than the traditional CORDIC algorithm and the accuracy is improved to 10-4.Finally,the whole design is implemented based on Xilinx FPGA development board.  
      关键词:direct digital frequency synthesis (DDFS);Parallel CORDIC;Carry Save Adder (CSA);FPGA   
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    • LI Ting-ting, ZHANG Ming, PAN Ming-jun
      Vol. 42, Issue 7, Pages: 1398-1402(2014) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2014.07.024
      摘要:An optocoupler isolation amplifier with MHz bandwidth is designed based on HCNR201.It is mainly used in computer data acquisition system,and isolates the signal to realize over-voltage protection and improve the common mode rejection ratio.The HCNR201 consists of double photodiodes which can form a feedback loop in the input port to eliminate the impact of current transfer ratio of the optocoupler on the DC gain.This paper presented the equivalent circuit of HCNR201 for facilitate analysis.This paper built mathematical model of the circuit,derived the transfer function,and gave theoretically analysis and optimized the parameters.We presented the analysis and design results,and the experiment test of the circuit consistent with theoretical analysis is given.The optocoupler isolation amplifier meets the requirements and the theoretical analysis method can provide reference for similar circuit design.  
      关键词:isolation amplifier;optocoupler;mathematical model   
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    • WANG Da-lei, YANG Bin, WU Ying, WANG Xiu-xiu
      Vol. 42, Issue 7, Pages: 1403-1409(2014) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2014.07.025
      摘要:Aiming at blind equalization and carrier-phase recovery of Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) signal,a new criterion based on kurtosis maximizing and the property of vector norms is proposed in this paper.Based on a formal proof under noiseless condition,we show that a perfect equalization solution and carrier-phase recovery can be obtained at every local optimum of the objective function.Then,four batch implementations of the new algorithm are presented.Finally,through formal proof and computer simulations,we show that the new proposed criterion is more robust to Gaussian noise in comparison to existing methods optimizing the energy.  
      关键词:blind equalization;kurtosis;carrier-phase recovery;local convergence;vector norm.   
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    • Audio Enhancement in Compressed Domain Based on MPEG-AAC Codec

      DENG Feng, BAO Feng, BAO Chang-chun
      Vol. 42, Issue 7, Pages: 1410-1418(2014) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2014.07.026
      摘要:An audio enhancement method based on MPEG-AAC codec in compressed domain is proposed.First,the bit-stream derived from noisy audio signal is decoded to obtain MDCT coefficients of noisy audio signals.Then,the noise power is estimated by modified weighted recursive averaging (MWRA).Next,the adaptive β-order COSH statistic modal method is employed to enhance MDCT coefficients.Finally,the enhanced MDCT coefficients are re-quantized to obtain an enhanced bit-stream which is used to get the enhanced audio signals by AAC decoder.The test results indicate that the proposed algorithm can effectively remove the noises derived from AAC bit-stream of audio signals and obviously outperforms the reference noise reduction methods.  
      关键词:audio enhancement;AAC bit-stream;compressed domain;MWRA noise estimation;COSH estimator   
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    • A Statistical Measure for Blind Image Quality Assessment

      HUANG Hong, ZHANG Jian-qiu
      Vol. 42, Issue 7, Pages: 1419-1423(2014) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2014.07.027
      摘要:A statistical measure for blind image quality assessment (IQA) is proposed.The wavelet coefficients' distribution parameters of the distorted images are blind estimated based on the natural scene statistics and the image distortion model;the mutual information between the distorted and the corresponding reference images is further calculated from the estimated distribution parameters.The quantified information fidelity is regarded as an efficient image quality assessment criterion.The proposed statistical measure in this paper does not require any prior information of the reference image and avoids the feature selection,feature extraction and machine learning processes required by existing blind image quality assessment methods.Evaluated on the LIVE IQA database,it is demonstrated that the proposed statistical measure corresponds well with the subjective human evaluations and outperforms the state-of-art blind IQA algorithms.  
      关键词:blind image quality assessment;mutual information;information fidelity;natural scene statistics (NSS) model;Gaussian scale mixture (GSM) model   
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    • LIN Wen-jing, ZHANG Yu-feng, ZHANG Ke-xin, LI Zhi-yao, LI Hai-yan, GAO Lian, LI Yuan-yuan
      Vol. 42, Issue 7, Pages: 1424-1428(2014) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2014.07.028
      摘要:A fine separation based on the ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) algorithm is proposed to improve the accuracy of the blood flow signal extraction.Firstly,a white noise with proper amplitude is estimated according to the energy of blood flow signals.Intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) without mode mixing are obtained by EEMD.Finally,those IMFs belong to the blood flow are delicately separated.Experimental results from both simulation and real human carotid Doppler signals based on the proposed method are compared with those by using the high pass filter,the original empirical mode decomposition (EMD) method and the improved EMD delicate separation method.It is shown that the proposed method provides the highest separation accuracy.Especially for those signals with larger WBSR=70dB,the accuracy is higher than those based on the methods mentioned above by 35%、38% and 17%,respectively.  
      关键词:Doppler blood flow signal;vessel wall signal;signal extraction;ensemble empirical mode decomposition   
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    • Model-Based Factored Bayesian Online Reinforcement Learning

      WU Bo, ZHENG Hong-yan, FENG Yan-peng, CHEN Xin
      Vol. 42, Issue 7, Pages: 1429-1434(2014) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2014.07.029
      摘要:Due to the enormous number of parameters and slow convergence which are the major obstacles for online learning in model-based Bayesian reinforcement learning,the paper presents a model-based factored Bayesian reinforcement learning approach.Firstly,factored representations are made to represent the dynamics with fewer parameters.Then,according to prior knowledge and observable data,this paper exploits model-based reinforcement learning to provide an elegant solution to the optimal exploration-exploitation tradeoff.Finally,a pointed-based Bayesian reinforcement learning approach is proposed to speed up the convergence to achieve online learning.The experimental results show that the proposed approach can approximate the underlying Bayesian reinforcement learning task well with guaranteed real-time performance.  
      关键词:Markov decision processes;Bayesian reinforcement learning;dynamic Bayesian networks   
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    • LAI Yu-ping, ZHOU Ya-jian, DING Hong-wei, GUO Yu-cui, GUO Chun, YANG Yi-xian
      Vol. 42, Issue 7, Pages: 1435-1440(2014) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2014.07.030
      摘要:Finite inverted Dirichlet mixture models play an important part in positive non-Gaussian data analysis.However,it is always different to obtain the analytical solutions to model parameters by using conventional approaches such as maximization likelihood estimation and moment estimation.In this paper,we have proposed a variational inference framework.Within this framework,parameter estimation and automatic model selection can be carried out simulta-neously.Experimental results on synthetic and real-world data sets demonstrate the effectiveness and the merits of the proposed approach.  
      关键词:inverted Dirichlet distribution;Bayesian estimation;variational inference;extended factorized variational approximation;model selection   
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    • Double-Step Scaling Free CORDIC

      XU Cheng, QIN Yun-chuan, LI Ken-li, QI Fang-fang
      Vol. 42, Issue 7, Pages: 1441-1445(2014) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2014.07.031
      摘要:CORDIC (Coordinate Rotation Digital Computer) can be an efficient vector rotation algorithm in the design of integrated circuit.Many researches focus on the reduction of iteration times,and to expand the scope of the convergence and reduce the cost of scaling factor compensation.This paper presents a double-step scaling-free CORDIC algorithm which uses two-step rotation strategies.The algorithm reduces the iteration times,and extends the convergence range to the entire circumference.The experiments show that the algorithm has excellent performance in terms of calculation accuracy,iteration times,and the area consumption.  
      关键词:double-step rotation;CORDIC;domain folding   
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    • ZHANG Shu-xin, LI Peng, YANG Dong-wu, ZHANG Yi-qun
      Vol. 42, Issue 7, Pages: 1446-1451(2014) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2014.07.032
      摘要:A numerical method for electromagnetic(EM)performance prediction for mesh deployable antennas considering pillow deformation is proposed in this article.Accounting for the characteristics of mesh reflecting surface which is faceted by a series of triangles,the amount of pillow deformation is computed firstly based on the antenna structural parameters;Secondly,with the Pascal graph interpolation,the meshing of the surface facet is accomplished with a given criterion;The position and orientation of the optimized feed are both obtained using the traditional best-fit paraboloid(BFP)method;Finally,the EM performance is predicted under the influence of wire mesh leakage.Simulation results of a mesh deployable reflector validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the method.  
      关键词:mesh deployable reflector;pillow deformation;meshing;EM performance   
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    • The Design of Quantum Ternary Full Adder

      WANG Dong, ZHU Chang-jiang, ZHANG Xiao-lei
      Vol. 42, Issue 7, Pages: 1452-1456(2014) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2014.07.033
      摘要:Quantum multiple-valued adder is the basic module to construct quantum multiple-valued computer.By analyzing addition operation rules and truth table of addition with carry in ternary field,setting control conditions of quantum generalized ternary Toffoli gates to realize the addition carry in all cases and making use of ternary Feynman gates to realize sum,one qutrit full adder is given.At last,nqutrit ternary full adder is constructed by using carry bit to connect all one qutrit full adders.Compared with other same type circuits,the ancilla qubits and quantum costs of this quantum full adder have been decreased.  
      关键词:multiple-valued logic;full adder;generalized ternary Toffoli gate;ternary Feynman gate   
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