最新刊期

    48 2 2020
    • Thirty-Six Stratagems of Schemes and Thirty-Six Stratagems of Algorithms

      LIN Chuang
      Vol. 48, Issue 2, Pages: 209-237(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.02.001
      摘要:In the spirit of cultural confidence, this paper presents thirty-six stratagems of schemes and thirty-six stratagems of algorithms for computer system design after learning I Ching in depth and digging out the abstract and inferential concepts of the image thinking of I Ching. Which combines the development of modern computer science and the author's own professional experience. It proposes four basic relations of unity of opposites in computer science (i.e., four basic scientific problems), which include: The positioning of centralization and decentralization, the interaction of hardness and softness, supply-demand correspondence and serial-to-parallel conversion. From the perspective of the positioning of centralization and decentralization, eighteen stratagems of architecture design are proposed in the thirty-six stratagems of algorithms, which include the stratagems of time-space transformation and various computing modes. From the perspective of the interaction of hardness and softness, eighteen stratagems of system features are proposed in the thirty-six stratagems of schemes, which include the stratagems of designing eight kinds of features, such as controllability, efficiency, security and variability. The scientific problems involved in supply-demand correspondence and serial-to-parallel conversion are mainly embodied in the thirty-six stratagems of algorithms for resource management and task scheduling. These algorithms and schemes include classic and hot issues in computer science, such as computability, multi-objective optimization, cloud computing, software defined system, big data thinking and artificial intelligence. The thirty-six stratagems of schemes and thirty-six stratagems of algorithms can provide computer professionals with thinking framework, dialectical thinking and necessary stratagems and instances in learning and developing computer systems. More importantly, they can help the computer professionals further understand the philosophical principles of things.  
      关键词:computer system design;I Ching;unity of opposites;thirty-six stratagems of schemes;thirty-six stratagems of algorithms   
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    • Design Concept of Electromagnetic Compatibility

      ZHAO Qi-cheng
      Vol. 48, Issue 2, Pages: 238-242(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.02.002
      摘要:Energy compatibility emerges as the surface phenomena of electromagnetic compatibility. With theories and technologies limited to electromagnetic energy, it may lead to technical dilemma or higher costs. The concept of EMC is stated through energy compatibility and related models.The design of EMC with energy compatibility is preliminarily discussed by taking airborne radar as an example. Using the concept of energy compatibility design is helpful to deal with the inducing factors of EMC and provide requirements for planning, prevention and treatment of EMC problems in design.  
      关键词:electromagnetic compatibility;energy compatibility;airborne radar   
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    • MA Bin, WANG Hong-ming, XIE Xian-zhong
      Vol. 48, Issue 2, Pages: 243-248(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.02.003
      摘要:Wideband compressed spectrum sensing has the problem of relying on sparsity prior information and high signal reconstruction delay. Therefore, this paper proposes an efficient and reliable wideband compressed spectrum sensing scheme. Firstly, the sparsity estimation model based on the improved confidence interval of binomial distribution is derived. Secondly, using the sparsity estimation upper and lower bounds improves the sparsity adaptive matching pursuit algorithm. Finally, a wideband compressed spectrum sensing scheme is proposed. The simulation results show that the proposed method can accurately estimate the upper and lower bounds of signal sparsity at the same time, improve the efficiency and reliability of spectrum sensing, and accelerate the convergence speed of the algorithm.  
      关键词:wideband spectrum sensing;compressed sensing;sparsity estimation;confidence interval;signal reconstruction   
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    • ZHENG Xue-wei, YANG Chun-ling, XUAN Yun-yi
      Vol. 48, Issue 2, Pages: 249-257(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.02.004
      摘要:The existing approaches to reconstruct compressed video sensing achieve heavy quality fluctuation when reconstructing videos with different motion feature. To solve this problem, combing the merits of two CS (Compressed Sensing) methods: The clearly edges and fine details reconstruction of the dual sparsity representation and the effectively high frequency noise suppression of multi-hypothesis prediction, this paper proposes a video motion features based multi-hypothesis-dual-sparsity reconstruction algorithm (VF-MH-DSR) for compressed video sensing (CVS). The basic thinking of VF-MH-DSR is that adopting a corresponding MH-DSR method to each video group (GOP) based on their motion features.In our approach, we firstly develop a multi-hypothesis reconstruction algorithm based on multi-dimension reference frames in measurement domain (MD-MRF-MH) and a kind of setting scheme for optimal similar block.Then, multi-hypothesis reconstruction algorithm based on multi-dimension reference frames in pixel domain (PD-MRF-MH) and a double matching criterion to improve matching accuracy are proposed. Finally, we develop a strategy to determine the video motion feature and introduce the scheme of multi-hypothesis-dual-sparsity reconstruction. Simulation results show that the proposed VF-MH-DSR outperforms the existing state-of-art compressed video sensing reconstruction algorithms 2sMHR and SSIM-InterF-GSR by 1.98dB and 0.84dB respectively.  
      关键词:compressed video sensing;dual-sparsity representation;multi-hypothesis prediction;video motion features;the group of similar blocks;matching criterion   
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    • JIANG Ze-tao, QIN Lu-lu
      Vol. 48, Issue 2, Pages: 258-264(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.02.005
      摘要:The images acquired in the low illumination environment have the characteristics of low signal-to-noise ratio, low contrast and low resolution, which make the image difficult to identify and utilize.In order to improve the image quality of low-light images, this paper proposes a low-light image enhancement method based on U-net generative adversarial network (GAN). First, the U-net framework is used to implement the generative network of GAN, and then the GAN is used to learn the feature mapping from the low-light image to the normal-light image, and ultimately achieve illumination enhancement for the low-light image. Finally, this method is verified by experiments. The experimental results show that, compared with the mainstream algorithm, the proposed algorithm can effectively improve the brightness and contrast of low-light image.  
      关键词:low-light image;image enhancement;generative adversarial network(GAN);deep learning   
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    • JING-mei, HUI Xiao-jing, WANG-rong
      Vol. 48, Issue 2, Pages: 265-271(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.02.006
      摘要:We combine reverse triple I methods with intuitionistic fuzzy set, and investigate intuitionistic fuzzy inference a- reverse triple I methods. The expression form and decomposition form of solutions of intuitionistic fuzzy inference a- reverse triple I methods based on IFMP and IFMT problems are given. Then, similarity between intuitionistic fuzzy sets are defined by biresiduum, the similarity of intuitionistic Łukasiewicz implication, intuitionistic Gödel implication, intuitionistic Goguen implication, intuitionistic Ro implication are provided, furthermore, their relationship are analysed. Finally, taking similarity on intuitionistic fuzzy sets as perturbation parameters, robustness of intuitionistic fuzzy inferencea-reverse triple I methods are discussed, in particular, for four kinds of residual implications, some results concerning robustness of intuitionistic fuzzy inference a- reverse triple I methods are obtained.  
      关键词:intuitionistic fuzzy inference;reverse triple I methods;similarity;robustness   
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    • WQ:Hashing Algorithm Based on Bits Weights

      SUN Yao, QIAN Jiang-bo, XIN Yu, XIE Xi-jiong, DONG Yi-hong
      Vol. 48, Issue 2, Pages: 272-278(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.02.007
      摘要:Many nearest neighbor query algorithms often fail to meet the query requirements on big data due to their high time and space cost. Hash query technology can significantly reduce not only query time, but also required storage cost. The main principle is to map the high-dimensional data into a set of binary codes with locality preserved. However, most existing hashing methods do not consider the weight differences between the binary bits when calculating the Hamming distances between those binary codes from data. Generally, different hashing bits may contain different amount of information. Focusing on the above issue, this paper proposes WQ (Weighted Quantization) that will assign different weights for each bit of the binary code, as well as a corresponding quantization method. Experimental results show that WQ algorithm has superior performance of data retrieval compared with several other hashing methods.  
      关键词:ANN;learning to Hash;weighted Hashing;high dimensional data   
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    • High Utility Neural Networks for Text Classification

      WU Yu-jia, LI Jing, SONG Cheng-fang, CHANG Jun
      Vol. 48, Issue 2, Pages: 279-284(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.02.008
      摘要:The existing text classification methods based on deep learning do not consider the importance and association of text features. The association between the text features perhaps affects the accuracy of the classification. To solve this problem, in this study, a framework based on high utility neural networks (HUNN) for text classification were proposed. Which can effectively mine the importance of text features and their association. Mining high utility itemsets (MHUI) from databases is an emerging topic in data mining. It can mine the importance and the co-occurrence frequency of each feature in the dataset.The co-occurrence frequency of the feature reflects the association between the text features. Using MHUI as the mining layer of HUNN, it is used to mine strong importance and association text features in each type, select these text features as input to the neural networks. And then acquire the high-level features with strong ability of categorical representation through the convolution layer for improving the accuracy of model classification. The experimental results showed that the proposed model performed significantly better on six different public datasets compared with convolutional neural networks (CNN), recurrent neural networks (RNN), recurrent convolutional neural networks (RCNN), fast text classifier (FAST), and hierarchical attention networks (HAN).  
      关键词:data mining;association rule;high utility itemset;natural language processing;text classification;neural networks   
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    • NIU Dang-dang, LV Shuai, WANG Jin-yan, LIU Bin
      Vol. 48, Issue 2, Pages: 285-290(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.02.009
      摘要:DKCHER is a knowledge compilation algorithm of computing difference based on hyper extension rule. We study on the executing process of DKCHER algorithm in this paper, and define the concept of complementary amount. We design MACR (maximum complementary amount of clauses with middle result) heuristics based on complementary amount, which is used to dynamically select the clause of maximum complementary amount with middle result. For complementary unfolding in DKCHER, we design dynamic heuristics CAL (optimal sequence sorted by complementary amount of literals), which sort the literals in complementary unfolding based on their complementary amounts. Combining the above two heuristic methods with DKCHER, MACR_DKCHER algorithm, CAL_DKCHER algorithm and MACR_CAL_DKCHER algorithm are designed. Experimentally, MACR heuristics improves the compilation efficiency and compilation quality of DKCHER. MACR heuristics can improve the efficiency of DKCHER by 9 times in the best case. CAL heuristics can significantly improve the compilation efficiency of DKCHER on the instances with big ratio of clause number with variable number. MACR_CAL heuristics can improve the efficiency of DKCHER by 12 times in the best case. But MACR_CAL heuristics reduces the compilation quality of DKCHER.  
      关键词:knowledge compilation;extension rule;hyper extension rule;EPCCL theory;heuristic strategy   
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    • YANG Qi-liang, ZHOU Yan-wei, YANG Kun-wei, WANG Tao
      Vol. 48, Issue 2, Pages: 291-295(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.02.010
      摘要:How to create an identity-based encryption (IBE) scheme with tight chosen-ciphertext attacks (CCA) security based on the static assumption is an open problem. A publicly verifiable anonymous IBE scheme designed in the standard model claimed that the CCA security of proposed scheme was proved based on the classic static assumption. However, in this paper, we demonstrate that the previous IBE scheme cannot achieve the claimed CCA security because the ciphertext was extensile. In other words, a valid encrypted ciphertext can be forged by any adversary from a known ciphertext. To analyze the security of the previous IBE scheme, two methods are proposed based on the criterion of ciphertext equality. Additionally, based on the analysis of the previous IBE scheme, we point out the shortcomings of the original security proof.  
        
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    • GAO Jian, WANG Yong-kang
      Vol. 48, Issue 2, Pages: 296-302(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.02.011
      摘要:Error-correcting codes are important for the improvement of efficiency and security in information transmission. Constructing codes with good parameters is a fundamental problem in error-correcting codes. In this paper, we mainly study self-dual constacyclic codes over the finite nonchain ring Fq[v]/(vmv), including Euclidean self-dual constacyclic codes, Hermitian self-dual constacyclic codes and maximal distance separable (MDS) codes of Hermitian self-dual constacyclic codes. We give a necessary condition for constacyclic codes to be Euclidean self-dual and give a necessary and sufficient condition for constacyclic codes to be Hermitian self-dual over the ring Fq[v]/(vmv). Further, some good self-dual codes are constructed by the Gray map. Especially, a Hermitian self-dual code over F192 with parameters [16, 8, 6] is constructed.  
      关键词:error-correcting codes;self-dual constacyclic codes;gray map;new Hermitian self-dual codes   
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    • LIU Feng, GAO Dong-mei, CAI Xiao-qiu
      Vol. 48, Issue 2, Pages: 303-307(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.02.012
      摘要:In the study of quantum resource theories, one of the central problems is to provide an operational meaning for a given resource. In the provided quantum information processing task, every resource state provides an advantage compared to the case where all resourceless states are used. Recently, Theurer et al. [T Theurer, et al. Phys Rev Lett 119, 230401 (2017)] introduced a rigorous resource theory framework for the quantification of superposition through generalizing of resource theories of coherence. Under the framework, we show that every one-qubit superposition state provides an advantage in different channel discrimination, quantified in terms of the Holevo-Helstrom theorem. Then, the maximum probability of success in superposition-assisted channel discrimination has been calculated, which is larger than the value of maximum probability of success in no superposition-assisted channel discrimination. Our results contribute to understanding the discrimination relevance of channels:assisting by the unique coherent state, different kinds of channels are most distinguishable, and different coherent channels are more distinguishable than different incoherent channels.  
      关键词:resource theory of superposition;unambiguous channel discrimination;operational advantage   
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    • Abnormal Event Detection Based on Deep Learning

      WEN Jia, WANG Hong-jun, DENG Jia, LIU Peng-fei
      Vol. 48, Issue 2, Pages: 308-313(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.02.013
      摘要:Faced with low accuracy of abnormal event detection in complex scenarios, this paper proposes an abnormal event detection based on deep learning in various public scenes and multiple types of anomalies, and the method has been extended to an abnormal event classification method. The neural network model is used to extract features, and the four kinds of abnormal events, such as group divergence aggregation events, group intensive aggregation events, group escape events and catch-up events, are detected and classified. Test the trained model with PKU-SVD-B test set, compared with various methods on the UMN datasets, and verify the algorithm of abnormal event detection based on deep learning proposed in this paper. Under the premise of adapting to different scenarios, various abnormal events are detected. The high accuracy rate indicates that the trained model has strong ability to generalize abnormal event detection.  
      关键词:abnormal detection;abnormal classification;deep learning;image processing;convolutional neural network;feature extraction   
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    • ZHANG Ming-ming, WANG Qi, JING Chong, HUO Zong-liang
      Vol. 48, Issue 2, Pages: 314-320(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.02.014
      摘要:Data retention is an important reliability characteristic of NAND flash memory. Based on the user mode, this paper studies the data retention characteristics of charge trapping 3D NAND flash memory under different initial conditions. The results show that device programmed can effectively reduce the bit error rate after high-temperature data retention of NAND flash memory. Especially with the increase of the number of erasing and writing, the data retention of charge-trapping 3D NAND flash memory is more obvious under different initial conditions. The result shows that the flash memory is most suitable for storage 0-1V, charge-trapping 3D NAND flash devices should avoid long-term deep erase conditions. In addition, modeled and demonstrated based on the phenomenon the threshold voltage offset after the high-temperature data retention of the flash memory is increased when initial state is erase state. Through the design experiment, the mechanism factor model accords with the experimental result.This study provides a theoretical reference for the long-term storage of charge-trapping 3D NAND flash devices.  
      关键词:data retention;bit error rate;read margin;mechanism model;3D NAND   
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    • Online Feature Selection with Streaming Features for Classification

      YOU Dian-long, GUO Song, ZHAO Chun-hui, YUAN Fu-yong, SHEN Li-min, CHEN Zhen
      Vol. 48, Issue 2, Pages: 321-332(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.02.015
      摘要:Online streaming feature selection achieves stream feature space dimensionality reduction by filtering irrelevant features and redundant features in real time. Existing works, such as Alpha-investing and Online Streaming Feature Selection (OSFS), have been proposed to serve this purpose, but they have drawbacks, including low prediction accuracy and high running time if the streaming features exhibit characteristics such as low redundancy and high relevance. We propose a novel classification-oriented online feature selection algorithm for streaming features, named OSFIC. OSFIC uses a four-layer filtering framework to filter irrelevant new features by null-conditional independence, filter redundant new features and redundant features in a candidate feature set by a single-conditional mutual information, and finally filter the remaining redundancy in the candidate feature set by multi-conditional independence. The approximate Markov blanket of the classify label is finally obtained. To analyze the performance of the algorithm, we selected the datasets in NIPS 2003 and Causality Workbench to compare prediction accuracy, number of selected features, runtime, and AUC with existing state-of-the-art algorithms. Experiments show that the average classification accuracy of OSFIC is 4.41% higher than that of Alpha-investing. Under the premise of high precision, the average number of features is 41.9% lower than SAOLA, and the runtime is 91.59% lower than OSFS. Finally, the efficiency of OSFIC is verified in real scenarios.  
      关键词:online feature selection;streaming feature;mutual information;conditional independence;approximate Markov blanket   
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    • GAO Peng, CHEN Zhi-hua
      Vol. 48, Issue 2, Pages: 333-340(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.02.016
      摘要:Studies show that mutations or abnormalities in micRNAs can lead to many diseases, and the identification of disease-associated microRNAs (miRNAs) can help diagnose and treat related diseases. However, it is costly and long-term to obtain accurate correlations through biological experiments. Therefore, this paper proposes a machine learning method (HNDLM) that uses network topology information to predict disease-miRNA associations. HNDLM avoids the construction of similarity networks, but applies the network embedding method proposed in recent years to biological networks. Experimental results show that HNDLM performs better than MIDPE, MIDP, WBSMDA, RLSMDA, CPTL, HDMP classical algorithms in accuracy and AUC value. In case study, the top 30 candidate miRNAs recommended by HNDLM can be confirmed by previous experiments. HNDLM can discover the potential disease-miRNA relationship and help to further study the pathogenesis of the disease, promote the development of bioinformatics.  
      关键词:miRNA;network emmbedding;heterogeneous network;link prediction;topology information;machine learning   
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    • YANG Jie, ZHU Xian-jun, ZHOU Xian-zhong, LIU Yi
      Vol. 48, Issue 2, Pages: 341-349(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.02.017
      摘要:To ease cold start and data sparsity problems in web service recommendation, and satisfy user’s personalized requirements, we propose a web service recommendation framework and algorithms based on heterogeneous social network. Web service provider, as an element in the network, could provide more real information to help relieve cold start. Based on the proposed recommendation framework, we design CTV (Computing Trust Value) algorithm to predict trust value of user to candidate service and RQ (Recommend Queue) algorithm to recommend services. At last, we conduct a series of experiments based on real data set. The results indicate that the proposed method outperforms the existing methods at the metrics of MAE, RMSE for predictive accuracy, MAP, NDCG for recommendation accuracy, and filling ratio and coverage ratio, and it is helpful to improve personalized recommendation performance.  
      关键词:heterogeneous social network;web service recommendation;personalized recommendation;web service provider;cold start;trustworthiness   
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    • Secure Data Aggregation Scheme in Smart Grid with Third-Party Arbitration

      DING Yong, WANG Bing-yao, YUAN Fang, WANG Yu-jue, ZHANG Kun, TIAN Lei
      Vol. 48, Issue 2, Pages: 350-358(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.02.018
      摘要:Smart gird is a new generation of power system, which significantly improves the efficiency, reliability and sustainability of power service. However, the issue of privacy information leakage of users in smart grid is becoming increasingly prominent. To address this problem, we propose a privacy-preserving data security collection scheme, where the collector is able to verify all the collected data and aggregate them into a new data packet, then send it to the electricity service provider (ESP) for decryption and storage. This paper also introduces a third-party to arbitrate disputes between the smart meter users and ESP.In our solution, collectors, ESP, and the third-party can perform batch verification on multiple (aggregated) ciphertexts, respectively, so as to efficiently verify their authenticity and integrity. The theoretical analysis and experimental comparison show that the proposed scheme enjoys more computational efficiency and communication efficiency compared with existing scheme.  
      关键词:smart grid;public-key encryption;digital signature;data aggregation;standard model   
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    • ZHAO Peng, WANG Mei-yu, JI Xia, LIU Hui-ting
      Vol. 48, Issue 2, Pages: 359-368(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.02.019
      摘要:A novel feature representation based on tensor and domain adaption for transfer learning is proposed, which combines joint domain alignment and adaptation regularization. When the difference between the source domain and the target domain is very large, only aligning the source domain to the potential shared subspace will result in too much data distortion. To alleviate this problem, this paper proposes joint domain alignment, which aligns the source domain and the target domain to the potential shared subspaces simultaneously. Furthermore, the adaption regularization is introduced into the subspace learning based on tensor. In the proposed method, adaptation regularization includes dynamic distribution alignment and graph adaptation to reduce the distribution differences among different domains and preserve the manifold consistency. Finally, the joint domain alignment, dynamic distributed alignment and graph adaptation are fused, and the joint optimization is utilized to obtain the feature representation. Extensive experiments on several common cross-domain datasets show that the proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art on the tasks of transfer learning and the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified.  
      关键词:tensor representation;transfer learning;domain adaption   
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    • CHEN Bing-bing, CAO Xin-yuan, CHEN Ming-sheng, QI Qi, KUANG Xiao-jing, WU Xian-liang, CHEN Hui
      Vol. 48, Issue 2, Pages: 369-374(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.02.020
      摘要:Aiming at the problems existing in the application of existing peak search algorithm to back-end IF (Intermediate Frequency) signal processing of continuous millimeter wave radar, such as heavy computation, low precision, a fast algorithm to extract the peak of signal frequency information is proposed, by which high-efficiency and high-precision measurements of the speed and distance for continuous millimeter wave radar is realized. By means of the principle of compressed sensing, an underdetermined equation is constructed in the algorithm, and with a few inner product, the frequency corresponding to the actual spectral peak of the intermediate frequency signal is captured at a low computational complexity level. Numerical results show that the algorithm can obtain an accurate calculation result with small calculation amount, thus providing a fast solution for high-precision speed measurement and ranging in the field of intelligent transportation.  
      关键词:continuous millimeter wave radar;underdetermined equation;intermediate frequency signal processing;spectral peak search;fast Fourier transform;compressed sensing   
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    • Multiple-Frequency CW Radar and Joint Angle-Range Estimation Method

      CHEN Bao-xin, GUAN Jian, DONG Yun-long, HUANG Yong, CHEN Xiao-long
      Vol. 48, Issue 2, Pages: 375-383(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.02.021
      摘要:Frequency diverse array radar has the problem of ambiguity in angle and range localization. Based on the same ranging principle as early multi-frequency continuous wave radar, a model for the multi-frequency continuous wave (MFCW) radar is proposed, which overcomes the ambiguity of the angle-range beampattern of the traditional frequency diverse array (FDA).The signal models of the MFCW radar under four operating modes are deduced according to the number of transmitting and receiving elements, and the reason for the decoupled angle-range localization is analyzed compared with the traditional FDA. A joint angle-range localization method based on iterative interpolation Fourier coefficients (IIFC) is proposed for the single-input multiple-output (SIMO) mode. The performance of the algorithm is analyzed theoretically. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme and the algorithm.  
      关键词:multi-frequency continuous wave;frequency diverse array;frequency estimation;multiple-input multiple-output radar;angle estimation;range estimation   
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    • MENG Xiang-wei
      Vol. 48, Issue 2, Pages: 384-389(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.02.022
      摘要:The performance evaluation of radar target detector is often carried out in 3 typical environments of homogeneous background, multiple targets situation and clutter edge. However, there is a lack of the mathematical model of the false alarm rate for the rank quantization (RQ) nonparametric detector at clutter boundaries, and lack of a comparison of the ability for the RQ detector to control the rise of the false alarm rate at clutter edges to that of the conventional parametric CFAR schemes. The analytic expression of the false alarm rate Pfa for the RQ nonparametric detector at clutter edges was derived in this paper, and the ability of the RQ nonparametric detector to control the rise of the false alarm rate at clutter edges was compared to that of the cell averaging (CA) CFAR, the greatest of (GO) CFAR and the ordered statistic (OS) CFAR with incoherent integration.It is shown that a high rank quantization threshold results in a low rise of the false alarm rate at clutter edges, and the rise of the RQ nonparametric detector at clutter edges is close to that of the OS-CFAR with incoherent integration in the Rayleigh distributed clutter environment. However, when a non-Gaussian distributed clutter with a long tail moves into the reference window, the rise of the CA-CFAR, the GO-CFAR and the OS-CFAR with incoherent integration reaches a peak of more than 3 orders of magnitude, and can not return to the pre-designed Pfa in Rayleigh noise situation. But the RQ nonparametric detector exhibits its inherent advantage in such situation, it can maintain constant false alarm rate even the distribution type of clutter changes to a different one.  
      关键词:radar;clutter;Weibull distribution;Target Detection;nonparametric;CFAR   
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    • QUAN Yu, LI Zhi-xin, ZHANG Can-long, MA Hui-fang
      Vol. 48, Issue 2, Pages: 390-397(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.02.023
      摘要:Object detection is an important research direction in the field of computer vision.In recent years, object detection has made great advances in public datasets, and there are also breakthroughs in algorithmic performance. In order to improve the accuracy and speed performance of two-stage object detection, this paper proposes a detection model based on transfer learning method that fuses the deep dilated convolutions network and the light-weight network. First, the dilated convolutions network is used to replace the convolutional residual module in the backbone network, namely deep dilated convolution network (D_dNet-65). Then, by compressing the pretrained feature map and adding an 81-class fully connected layer to replace the original two layers, namely light-weight network. Finally, the transfer learning method is introduced in the pretraining to optimize the model (D_dNet and light-weight network). The experiment was carried out on a typical data set, MSCOCO and VOC07. And the experiment shows that the method proposed in this paper has good effectiveness and scalability.  
      关键词:image object detection;transfer learning;dilated convolution network;light-weight network;convolution neural network   
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    • GaN L-Band 400W Power Amplifier Design Using Large Signal Model

      ZHONG Shi-chang, CHEN Tang-sheng, YIN Xiao-xing, ZHOU Shu-tong
      Vol. 48, Issue 2, Pages: 398-402(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.02.024
      摘要:This paper describes a L-band 400W gallium nitride (GaN) internally matched power amplifier using an accurate large signal Angelov model. The large gate-periphery GaN devices on SiC substrate are used for achieving the large output power and high efficiency. For designing exactly the power amplifier, the large signal GaN model is founded using measured pulse I-V and S parameters of different bias conditions. Based on the large signal model, the input and output matching circuits and one 55mm GaN transistor are integrated in a 17.4mm×24mm ceramic package. The amplifier finally has the pulse output power of over 400W, the power gain of over 15dB across the band of 1.2-1.4GHz and the max power added efficiency is 81.3% under the pulse drain bias voltage (Vds) of 48V, the duty is 10% with the pulse width of 100μs. The results show that the character of realized amplifier is consistent with the simulation result, which fully indicates the veracity of the developed model. And this is the most highest efficiency of a 400W power amplifier achieved in L-band.  
      关键词:amplifier;GaN;model;internally matched;L-band   
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    • On the Impedance Mismatch Channel Model of G.fast Digital Subscriber Line

      LI Qiao-jie
      Vol. 48, Issue 2, Pages: 403-406(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.02.025
      摘要:Based on the reflection principle of digital signal propagation theory, a mathematical model of G.fast channel is established when the impedance of digital subscriber line is not matched. The reflection coefficient is used to describe the line impedance mismatch and the channel data (direct channel, far-end crosstalk channel and near-end crosstalk channel) measured when line impedance matching are used in the model. When the terminal is disconnected, the channel data calculated by the model is consistent with the actually measured data, which proves the accurateness of the model. Since the reflection coefficient is used to describe the degree of impedance mismatch, the model can simulate the influence of the terminal equipment on the signal noise ratio of the communication system under different impedances. Therefore, we propose a maximum allowable variation range of the terminal impedance which provides some theoretical guidance for terminal manufacturer for designing terminal impedance.  
      关键词:G.fast;channel model;digital signal reflection;signal noise ratio;ultra-wideband network;smart home   
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    • RAO Yong-nan, WANG Meng, KANG Li, YANG De-jin, LU Xiao-chun, WANG Xue
      Vol. 48, Issue 2, Pages: 407-411(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.02.026
      摘要:GPS III (Global Positioning System) satellites have adopted a large number of new technologies in payload. After the successful launch of the first satellite, the official has not yet published effective information such as the modulation method of each navigation signal and multiplexing method. Therefore, it is meaningful to evaluate the signal-in-space quality. In this paper, the evaluation parameters such as ground receiving power, signal component power distribution, phase relationship, modulation characteristics and ranging biases were selected. Signal-in-space quality of GPS III satellite L1 frequency was analyzed comprehensively, and the characteristics of various new technologies adopted by the satellite were analyzed. The results of this paper have important technical reference value for other GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) satellite payload design and signal system design.  
      关键词:GNSS signal;GPS III satellites;satellite navigation;signal-in-space quality;ranging performance;spectrum analysis   
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    • WANG Qiang, WANG You-zheng, WANG Tian-shi, LIU Xiao-qin
      Vol. 48, Issue 2, Pages: 412-416(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.02.027
      摘要:In order to improve the efficiency of single-phase full-bridge inverter with insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) as switching devices, a energy-saving single-phase full-bridge zero-current switching resonant pole inverter is proposed. A set of auxiliary circuit is connected with parallel on each bridge arm. In the working process, both the main switches and the auxiliary switches can achieve zero-current soft-switching, which can eliminate the turn-off loss caused by the tail current of IGBT. The working process of the circuit is analyzed. The experimental results on the 2kW prototype show that the switching devices achieve zero-current soft-switching. Therefore, the topology can realize the energy-saving operation of the single-phase full-bridge inverter with IGBT as the switch devices.  
      关键词:inverter;bridge arm;auxiliary resonant circuit;zero-current turn off;tail current;switching loss   
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