最新刊期

    48 3 2020
    • XIAN Ming-hao, LIU Xi-chuan, JI Wen-ming, PU Kang, HU Shuai, GAO Tai-chang
      Vol. 48, Issue 3, Pages: 417-425(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.03.001
      摘要:In recent years, the number of satellites with Ku and Ka band has been increasing in the fields of broadcasting, communication and military. However, traditional prediction models of rain attenuation for earth-space links in Ku and Ka band are based on empirical relationships and ideal assumptions, which consider insufficient precipitation microphysical properties. Aiming at this problem, the effect of vertical distribution of precipitation, particle shape, particle orientation and phase on signal attenuation are quantitatively analyzed based on measured rainfall data. The results show that compared with the calculation results of nonuniform vertical structure of rainfall, ITU and SAM models are based on uniform precipitation distribution, which cannot represent the attenuation when the vertical rainfall is nonuniform. The particle shape and orientation affect the attenuation for a slight degree, the mean absolute error of attenuation from spherical and non-spherical raindrops are below 0.01dB at 13 GHz and 32 GHz, and the maximum mean absolute error of specific attenuation for different particle orientations is 0.00098dB/km and 0.0207dB/km. There are different attenuation caused by precipitation with different phases, the values in descending order is wetsnow, water and ice. These results will provide basic theoretical support and data reference for evaluation of propagation characteristics and estimation of rainfall by earth-space links at Ku and Ka band.  
      关键词:earth-space link;Ku and Ka band;precipitation;attenuation   
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    • Adaptive Limiter Detection in Non-Gaussian Noise Background

      DAI Zhen, WANG Ping-bo, WEI Hong-kai
      Vol. 48, Issue 3, Pages: 426-430(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.03.002
      摘要:Aiming at the problem that the local optimal detector (LOD) has complex detection structure and poor robustness for signal detection in Non-Gaussian noise background, an adaptive limiter detector (ALMD) is proposed based on the improvement of traditional limiter. Firstly, the detection performance of weak signal is systematically studied. Then the non-Gaussian background is modeled by the mixed Gaussian model. On this basis, the analytical expression between the clipping threshold and the detection performance is obtained. Finally, the optimal threshold is determined which leads to a significantly improvement of the detection performance. Simulation results shows that the ALMD has similar performance compared to LOD but provide relatively efficient and robustness.  
      关键词:non-Gaussian background;limiter detection;limiter threshold;robustness   
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    • Space Target Recognition Based on Trace Feature of ISAR Image

      YANG Hong, ZHANG Ya-sheng, XU Can
      Vol. 48, Issue 3, Pages: 431-441(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.03.003
      摘要:This paper proposes a space target recognition algorithm based on the trace feature of ISAR (Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar) image. Firstly, the ISAR images are segmented and normalized. The Canny edge detection and Hough transform method are used to extract the longest axis of the ISAR image of space target to ensure the rotation invariance of the proposed feature. Then, Trace transformation is only carried out in the local area where the longest axis is located to generate the local trace matrix of ISAR image, so that the trace features proposed can meet the requirements of low dimension; then each column of the trace matrix is shifted and aligned to eliminate the impact of ISAR image translation on the recognition and take it as the feature vector of the space target recognition; finally, taking the minimum Euclidean distance as the dissimilarity in the feature space, AdaBoost.M2-KNN, an ensemble classifier, is used to classify and recognize the five types of space objects. The method is validated by the ISAR data of five types of space targets, and compared with several existing ISAR image feature extraction methods. The results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and effective, and can significantly improve the recognition rate.  
      关键词:trace transform;ISAR image;ensemble classifier AdaBoost.M2-KNN   
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    • GAO Cheng-sheng, ZHANG Jun-fu, LI Wei-ping, ZHAO Wen, ZHANG Shi-kun
      Vol. 48, Issue 3, Pages: 442-448(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.03.004
      摘要:Considering that both named entity recognition and coreference resolution depend on the same context of the entity word, this paper proposes a hybrid neural network model to settle these problems which contains a named entity recognition (NER) module and a coreference resolution (CR) module. NER and CR share the same bidirectional LSTM encoding layer, which is used to encode each input word by taking into account the context on both sides of the word. The contextual information of entities obtained in BiLSTM encoding layer further pass through to FFNN module to improve the coreference resolution. Furthermore, by adding domain documents and chapter semantic vectors to FFNN, the coreference resolution algorithm is improved and the coreference resolution model is optimized. Finally, we conduct experiments on the domain dataset to verify the effectiveness of our method. The joint model can effectively improve the accuracy of coreference resolution task.  
      关键词:neural network;named entity recognition;coreference resolution;hybrid neural network model   
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    • Research on the Branch Number of ARIA-Type Diffusion Structures

      MA Su-dong, JIN Chen-hui, GUAN Jie
      Vol. 48, Issue 3, Pages: 449-455(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.03.005
      摘要:The binary matrix with the largest branch number is widely used in the design of diffusion layers in block cipher. In this paper, for the diffusion layer of ARIA algorithm, the definition of ARIA diffusion structure is given firstly, and the branch number of 16-order ARIA diffusion structure is given. The necessary and sufficient conditions for the 16-order ARIA-type diffusion structures with the branch number 8 are further given, and a large number of 16-order ARIA-type diffusion structures with the branch number 8 are constructed.  Secondly, the counting problem of 16-order ARIA-type diffusion structures with the branch number 8 is solved. Finally, the construction methods of the 16-order involution ARIA-type diffusion structure are given. The research results of this paper provide a method for constructing 16-order involution binary matrix with the largest branch number.  
      关键词:block cipher;ARIA algorithm;diffusion layer;binary matrix;branch number;ARIA-type diffusion structures;involution matrix   
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    • Radar Emitter Signal Recognition Based on Dilated Residual Network

      QIN Xin, HUANG Jie, ZHA Xiong, LUO Li-ping, HU De-xiu
      Vol. 48, Issue 3, Pages: 456-462(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.03.006
      摘要:This paper proposes a radar emitter signal recognition method based on time-frequency analysis and dilated residual network (DRN) to solve the problem of difficulty in feature extraction and low accuracy in recognition of complex multiple radar emitter signals under low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Firstly, the signal time-domain waveform is transformed into a two-dimensional time-frequency image by time-frequency analysis to reflect the essential characteristics of signal. Then the time-frequency image pre-processing is carried out to retain the time-frequency image complete information and adapt to the deep learning model input. Finally, the DRN is constructed to automatically extract the signal time-frequency image features and realize the recognition of radar emitter signal. Experimental results show that when the SNR is -6dB, the overall recognition rate of the proposed method for 16 types of radar signals can reach 98.2%, and the overall recognition rate for time-frequency image similar to linear frequency modulation (LFM) signals is more than 95%. In this paper, a new intelligent recognition method for radar emitter signal is presented, which has nice engineering application prospects.  
      关键词:new system radar;radar signal recognition;time-frequency analysis;image pre-processing;deep learning;dilated residual network   
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    • On the Secrecy Performance of NOMA-Based Cognitive Radio Networks with STBC

      LI Mei-ling, TIAN Li-li, YANG Xiao-xia, LI Ying, WANG An-hong, DONG Zeng-shou, Sami Muhaidat, Mehrdad Dianati
      Vol. 48, Issue 3, Pages: 463-469(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.03.007
      摘要:The physical layer transmission faces the interference from primary users and eavesdroppers in cognitive radio networks based on non-orthogonal multiple access (CR-NOMA). In this paper, Alamouti space-time block coded (STBC) is utilized to improve the physical layer security transmission performance. The closed-form expressions for the security outage probability of all secondary users are derived. We provide extensive Monte-Carlo simulation results to corroborate the analysis. The results show that the security outage probability of stronger cognitive users is improved by the proposed STBC-NOMA-based CR compared with the traditional NOMA-based CR. Moreover, the security outage probability of the stronger cognitive users experiences performance enhancement with the increase of the cognitive transmission power, whilst the security outage probability of weaker cognitive users will be less impacted by the transmission power. In addition, we demonstrate that the power allocation coefficients will have different impact on the stronger cognitive users and the weaker users.  
      关键词:non-orthogonal multiple access;cognitive radio;space time block code;eavesdropper;physical layer security;security outage probability   
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    • LIU Qiu-hong, LI Tian-yun, WANG Bin, XU Man-kun, QIU Zhao-yang
      Vol. 48, Issue 3, Pages: 470-477(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.03.008
      摘要:In the case of non-cooperative reception, blind estimation for the symbol rate estimation of continuous phase modulation (CPM) signals is usually one of the difficulties in signal analysis due to the varied signal specification. Most of the existing algorithms are based directly on instantaneous frequency or cyclostationarity, which have poor anti-noise performance and are not suitable for multi-h CPM signals. By analyzing the advantages of wavelet transform in signal decomposition and time-frequency, a new algorithm based on discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and frequency ridge extraction is proposed to estimate the symbol rate of CPM signal. Comparative analysis of the algorithm shows that the proposed method has better performance in condition of the low signal to noise ratio (SNR) and small data volume.  
      关键词:continuous phase modulation;symbol rate estimation;wavelet transform;signal decomposition;time-frequency analysis;frequency ridge extraction   
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    • Blind Recognition of Cyclic Codes at Low SNR

      WU Zhao-jun, ZHANG Li-min, ZHONG Zhao-gen, JIN Kun
      Vol. 48, Issue 3, Pages: 478-485(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.03.009
      摘要:In order to overcome the shortcomings as high computational complexity and low fault tolerance in recognition of cyclic code by the hard-dicision algorithms, a algorithm based on soft-decision is proposed. Firstly, based on the structure of coding algebra, it is deduced that the dual space corresponding to the polynomial factor are orthogonal to the codeword space. Secondly, based on the deduced conclusion, the possible length of code is traversed, then the polynomial xn+1 is decomposed into the product of irreducible factors and their powers, when the dual space of the traversing factor coincides with the parity-check of the code word sequence, the length can be recognized. Finally, by traversing the polynomial factors and the corresponding power, the generated polynomial can be identified. In addition, the concept of average checking conformity is introduced in parity-check matching. Based on its statistical property and minimum error decision criterion, the fast identification of generating polynomial factor and power is completed. The simulation results show that the derived statistical property are consistent with the actual situation, and at the same time, the proposed algorithm has better performance in low SNR, which can achieve over 95% of correct recognition rate in 3dB noise environment. Compared with the existing methods,although it increases the computational complexity slightly, its performance improved by nearly 1dB. It has a good application prospect in intelligent communication or cognitive radio.  
      关键词:cyclic code;cognitive radio;intelligent communication;average checking conformity;minimum error criterion;soft decision   
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    • LI Yong-wei, XIE Wen-chong
      Vol. 48, Issue 3, Pages: 486-493(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.03.010
      摘要:End-fire array antenna is a kind of special radar antenna with beam pointing perpendicular to the normal direction of the array. Because of its low profile and directional radiation characteristics, it is especially suitable for blind compensation of airborne radar. As end-fire array is usually placed forward-looking, it inevitably faces the problem of non-stationary clutter which just likes traditional forward-look side-fire array. Based on the clutter spectrum characteristics of end-fire array airborne radar, a novel short-range non-stationary clutter compensation method for end-fire array with range ambiguity is proposed in this paper. The farthest detectable range unit is taken as the reference unit and the constraint protection condition is added to the moving target in this method, which overcomes the disadvantage of target cancellation and large computation of the traditional compensation method based on RBC (Registration-Based Compensation) principle with range ambiguity. At the same time, aiming at the problem of the target constraint mismatch, an extended compensation method based on virtual beam is proposed. The computer simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.  
      关键词:end-fire array;range ambiguity;non-stationary clutter compensation;moving target constraint;virtual beam   
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    • Reversible Circuit Synthesis Method Based on Boolean Expression Diagram

      BU Deng-li, GUO Ming
      Vol. 48, Issue 3, Pages: 494-502(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.03.011
      摘要:A reversible circuit synthesis method based on BED (Boolean Expression Diagram) is proposed. The proposed method utilizes a BED to represent a Boolean function, and synthesizes a reversible circuit through mapping BED nodes to reversible cascades. Using a gate library consisting of NOT, CNOT and mixed-polarity Peres gates, the proposed method constructs a locally optimal reversible cascade for each BED node by considering whether the values of the child nodes of this node will be used by subsequent reversible cascades. In order to improve the cost of the circuit synthesized from the BED of a function, according to the sharing of pairs of variables among products of the function expression, variable ordering for the BED is achieved by variable grouping. The proposed method is validated using a set of benchmark functions. The results show that the proposed method is time efficient. Compared to the existing reversible circuit synthesis methods using decision diagram as a representation model, the proposed method can improve the quantum cost of the synthesized reversible circuits for almost all of the used benchmark functions, and can also reduce the number of qubits and the number of garbage lines in many cases.  
      关键词:reversible circuit;logic synthesis;Boolean expression diagram;variable ordering   
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    • LSCN: Concerning Long and Short Sequence Together for Action Recognition

      YANG Ke, WANG Jing-yu, QI Qi, SUN Hai-feng, WANG Jing, LIAO Jian-xin
      Vol. 48, Issue 3, Pages: 503-509(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.03.012
      摘要:Compared with image analysis, how to analyze temporal information is a challenging problem in action recognition. Most of the previous methods, such as 3D CNNs (convolutional neural networks) and two-streams CNNs, only used features containing global temporal information as video representation, ignoring the importance of local temporal features. To solve this problem, we propose long and short sequence concerned networks (LSCN) based on temporal interaction perception module, which can combine different temporal information. LSCN makes use of the interactions of temporal features from different convolution layers to enhance the representation of videos and takes into account the needs of temporal information for long and short sequence actions. The results of experiments show that LSCN based on 3D ResNext101 can be generalized in two public datasets (UCF101 and HMDB51). Moreover, compared with the basic network, there are 0.4% and 2.9% accuracy improvements respectively.  
      关键词:action recognition;temporal feature;feature fusion;human-computer interaction;video analysis;deep learning   
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    • MA Meng-yao, LAI Xiao-ping, MENG Hai-long
      Vol. 48, Issue 3, Pages: 510-517(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.03.013
      摘要:For constrained two-dimensional (2-D) finite impulse response (FIR) filters,the computational complexity of the existing design algorithms is very high. Based on the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM), the parallel optimization of constrained least-squares (CLS) 2-D FIR filters was studied. By maximally splitting the problem into univariate subproblems and utilizing a relaxation technique, a maximally split and relaxed ADMM with a highly parallel computing architecture was proposed. The computational complexity and convergence of the algorithm were analyzed, and a practical scheme for selection of the algorithm parameters was provided. Experimental results show that the proposed maximally split and relaxed ADMM converges much faster than the maximally split unrelaxed ADMM. Compared with existing algorithms, the computational efficiency of the proposed algorithm is improved. The large acceleration ratios obtained by GPU demonstrate the high parallelism and scalability of the proposed algorithm, which is very valuable for applications of the algorithm in image processing, computer vision, pattern recognition and machine learning.  
      关键词:filter design;multi-dimensional signal processing;optimization method;constrained least-squares;alternating direction method of multipliers;computational complexity;convergence analysis   
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    • ZHAO Qiang, ZHANG Rui, LIN Le-ke, LI Qing-liang, ZHANG Yu-sheng
      Vol. 48, Issue 3, Pages: 518-523(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.03.014
      摘要:Based on the incoherent scatter theory of atmospheric turbulence, the turbulence spectrum is approximated by the Taylor method, and the relationship between the tropospheric scattering transmission loss and the atmospheric structure constant of the refractive index is obtained, that is, L-C model. The troposcatter propagation experiment was carried out, and the atmospheric structure constant of the refractive index during the test was predicted based on the numerical weather prediction model of WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting). Based on the forecasted data of the atmospheric structure constant of the refractive index, the L-C model is used to predict the troposcatter transmission loss, and compared with the measured loss. It is shown that the variation tendency of the predicted loss and the measured loss are in good agreement, and the RMS (root mean square) errors are no more than 6dB. On the other hand, the correlation coefficients between the transmission loss and the structure constant of the refractive index are all greater than 0.7. All of these show that there is indeed a strong correlation between troposcatter transmission loss and structure constant of the refractive index, and this correlation is of great value for the investigation of the mechanism and modeling on troposcatter transmission.  
      关键词:troposcatter;L-C model;transmission loss;structure constant of the refractive index;correlation   
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    • GAO Yi, LI Yun-ji, PENG Li
      Vol. 48, Issue 3, Pages: 524-530(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.03.015
      摘要:This paper is concerned with the event-triggered controller and the corresponding event transmission rule for a class of stochastic system subject to state delay. The basic theories are approximate quadratic performance index and mean-square boundedness theory. First, the event-triggered state feedback control scheme constrained by the approximate quadratic performance index is proposed which used the current state and time-delay state simultaneously. Subsequently, an event-triggered output feedback control scheme is established which eliminates the influence of the state-delay terms according to the mean-square boundedness theory. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed strategies.  
      关键词:event-triggered control;mean-square boundedness;time delay   
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    • A Histogram-Based 2Bin M-ary Image Digital Watermarking Algorithm

      YUE Zhen, LI Zi-chen, YANG Yi-xian, YOU Fu-cheng, LIU Fu-ping
      Vol. 48, Issue 3, Pages: 531-537(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.03.016
      摘要:The histogram shape-based digital watermarking, which has the characteristics of low distortion, strong robustness, and etc, has become a hot topic in information hiding fields. Upon the basic properties of the existing histogram shape-based digital watermarking, a modified histogram shape-based 2Bin M-ary digital watermarking algorithm is designed firstly, and then, a concret ternary digital watermarking as an example of the M-ary system is further implemented. In the designed algorithm, the embedding threshold is adjusted according to the embedded watermark information capacity and the size of the carrier image. Under the condition of maintaining the high or low shape of the adjacent 2Bin histogram unchanged, the modified pixel number and the block strategy are determined to realize the embedding and extraction of watermark information. Experimental results show that this method is able to balance the relationship between image quality and watermark capacity intelligently, and that it greatly improves embedding capacity and image quality compared to these existing algorithms, meanwhile equips with the ability to resist the traditional geometric attacks and common image processing operations.  
      关键词:watermarking;histogram modification;adjacent 2Bin;large capacity   
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    • Artistic Video Stylization Based on Kuwahara Filter

      LI Da-jin, GAO Wen-ran, GAO Jun-jie
      Vol. 48, Issue 3, Pages: 538-544(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.03.017
      摘要:Edge-preserving filters have been extensive used to image artistic stylization, but most of the existing filters can only generate cartoon-like style and can do nothing about the painting styles with clear brush stroke shape. Based on kuwahara filter, the paper proposes a multi-scale anisotropic kuwahara filter to generate some painting styles with obvious brush stroke shape. To simulate the painting techniques, saliency is used to control the size of the filter kernel and can produce strokes with rich geometrical scales. Based on the multi-scale anisotropic kuwahara filter, we also propose an artistic rendering framework for video stylization, which can keep frame-to-frame coherence well and automatically convert video into gouache or oil painting effect. To produce brush strokes a thick and layered feel, bump mapping is used to produce the stroke touch effects. The edge tangent vector field map, edge gradient magnitude and image saliency are combined to control the bump mapping, which can simulate the "impasto technique" well in oil or gouache paintings.  
      关键词:anisotropic filter;nonphotorealistic rendering;style transfer;strokes texture   
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    • XU Yong-jun, LI Guo-quan, CHEN Qian-bin, LIN Jin-zhao
      Vol. 48, Issue 3, Pages: 545-553(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.03.018
      摘要:To improve energy efficiency and reduce the interference to macro users (MUs), this paper studies robust resource allocation for interference efficiency (IE) maximization in heterogeneous wireless networks. Firstly, considering the maximum interference power constraint of MU, the minimum rate requirements of femto users (FUs) and the maximum transmit power constraint of femto base station, the resource allocation problem is modeled as a multivariate nonlinear programming problem. Secondly, under bounded channel uncertainties, the original fractional programming problem is converted into a convex optimization problem by using Dinkelbach's method, logarithmic transformation and the successive convex approximation, where the analytical solution is resolved by using Lagrangian dual approach. And computational complexity and the cost of robustness are also analyzed. Finally, simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has better IE and robustness.  
      关键词:heterogeneous wireless networks;interference efficiency;robust resource allocation;successive convex approximation   
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    • LUO Cui-xian, QIN Min-zhe
      Vol. 48, Issue 3, Pages: 554-560(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.03.019
      摘要:Traditional piezoelectric vibration generator has the defects including single natural frequency, narrow work bandwidth and low energy harvesting efficiency, which is unable to meet the wideband and high-power output requirements of wireless sensor in a special environment. A neat 3×n element energy harvester array exploiting multi-vibration modes separation technique, has been designed, fabricated, and characterized. The vibration modes of the 3×n generators have been analyzed by COMSOL software. A considerable wideband of 15.6 Hz in simulation and 13.8 Hz in experiment with 3×5 array energy harvester has been gained in a very low frequency range (below 50 Hz). Experimental results showed that the adjusted 3×5 array harvester could generate the output power of about 2.12 mW at an 11 Hz resonant frequency with the optimum load resistance 350 kΩ. Meanwhile, the half-power (1.05 mW) bandwidth could reach up to 15.3 Hz. The bandwidth and the output power of the array energy harvesting system were significantly improved by exploiting the proposed vibration modes separation technique, in which excellent output performance makes it a distinct advantage in multi-source and broadband vibration environments.  
      关键词:array generator;low frequency and wide bandwidth harvester;piezoelectric energy capture device;vibration energy harvesting;modes separation technique   
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    • A KP-ABE Scheme with Outsourced Decryption

      JIN Yun-xia, YANG He-kun, FENG Chao-sheng, LIU Shuai-nan, LI Hang, ZOU Li-ping, WAN Guo-gen
      Vol. 48, Issue 3, Pages: 561-567(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.03.020
      摘要:For most of the existing key-policy attribute-based encryption schemes,there are some problems in the decryption, such as the high cost of the client computing, long decryption time and high resource consumption. Some schemes propose outsourcing decryption to cloud servers. However, these schemes do not give the specific parallelization method of outsourcing decryption in cloud server, and there are problems of low efficiency of cloud decryption. To solve these problems, this paper presents a KP-ABE scheme for decryption outsourcing. In this scheme, most of decryption computation is outsourced to Spark platform; and according to the decryption characteristics of KP-ABE, a decryption parallelization algorithm is designed to complete the parallel decryption of leaf nodes and root nodes. The performance analysis shows that most of decryption computing is done by cloud servers and the client can decrypt the shared data by shared access tree with only once exponential operation, and the parallel design can effectively improve the cloud decryption rate.  
      关键词:key-policy attribute-based encryption;outsourced decryption;fast decryption;shared access tree;secret sharing;Spark   
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    • Cross Language Query Expansion Based on Item Weight Sorting Mining

      HUANG Ming-xuan, JIANG Cao-qing
      Vol. 48, Issue 3, Pages: 568-576(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.03.021
      摘要:To ameliorate the long-standing problems of theme drift and word mismatch in natural language processing applications, this paper first proposes a computing method for weighted itemset support and a pruning method based on item weight sorting (IWS). And then, a weighted association rule mining algorithm for query expansion is presented based on the IWS, and the models such as association rule antecedent and consequent hybrid expansion (RACHE), rule consequent expansion (RCE) along with rule antecedent expansion (RAE) are discussed. Finally, an algorithm of cross-language query expansion (CLQE) is put forward based on the IWS mining. The algorithm utilized the new support and the pruning method to mine the weighted association rules,and extracted high quality expansion terms from the rules according to the expansion models in order to carry out CLQE. A comparison between the proposed expansion algorithm and the existing CLQE algorithms based on weighted association rules mining is made, which shows that the former can effectively restrain the problems of query topic drift and word mismatch, and can be used in information retrieval in various languages to improve retrieval performance. The RCE achieves the optimal retrieval performance in the proposed expansion models, and the retrieval performance of the RACHE is not as good as that of the RAE and the RCE. The support is more effective for the RCE algorithm. The confidence can make the RAE and the RACHE get the best retrieval result. And moreover, the proposed mining method can be used in text mining, business data mining and recommendation system to improve its mining performance.  
      关键词:natural language processing;text mining;information retrieval;cross language retrieval;query expansion;recommendation system   
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    • QIAN Yi, LI Ping, TANG Yong-sheng
      Vol. 48, Issue 3, Pages: 577-581(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.03.022
      摘要:Linear complementary dual (LCD) codes over finite fields have good structure and properties, and are widely used in two-user adder channels. Self-orthogonal codes are important linear codes in coding theory and are often used to construct quantum error-correcting codes. In this paper, we consider that linear codes over finite fields are Hermitian LCD codes or Hermitian self-orthogonal codes. By selecting the appropriate set of definitions, four kinds of quaternary Hermitian LCD codes and Hermitian self-orthogonal codes are constructed. At the same time, Hermitian dual codes of these four kinds of linear codes are studied and some quaternary optimal linear codes are obtained.  
      关键词:linear codes;quaternary codes;optimal codes;Hermitian linear complementary dual(LCD) codes;Hermitian self-orthogonal codes;Hermitian dual codes   
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    • WANG Da-gang, ZHONG Jin, WU Hao
      Vol. 48, Issue 3, Pages: 582-589(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.03.023
      摘要:To solve the accuracy problems of the existing algorithms in calculating the influence of social network nodes, by integrating different dimension information of nodes, and considering the topic distribution vector of nodes on multiple communities, a new model is proposed. It first regards the correlation between topics as the prior information, then uses the mixed membership stochastic block (MMSB) model to express the interaction among nodes, learns topic contents using topic model, and finally, iteratively calculates the global influence of nodes with global topological relationship. We select data from social networks, use P@N, MAP, etc., as the evaluation indicators, and compare the proposed algorithm with the existing mainstream algorithms. The experimental results show that our algorithm significantly improves the identification accuracy of influential nodes and the validity of ranking.  
      关键词:topic;influence;mixed membership stochastic block;prior   
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    • LIU Ying, LIU Hong-yan, FAN Jiu-lun, GONG Yan-chao, LI Ying-hua, WANG Fu-ping, LU Jin
      Vol. 48, Issue 3, Pages: 590-601(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.03.024
      摘要:Object detection has been well studied based on the traditional manual features and deep learning algorithm. However, the research on small object detection has just begun in recent years and there are little research outcome available. Furthermore, most of the methods proposed are based on the traditional object detection algorithms with certain modifications so as to improve the accuracy of small object detection. Small object contains fewer pixels and has less features, and it is even harder to extract object features after down sampling. Hence, small object detection is a challenging task. Small object detection has a wide range of application requirements in the fields of automatic driving, remote sensing image detection, and criminal investigation. It has important practical value for the research of small object detection technology. In this paper, the existing research results of small object detection are summarized. Firstly, the existing algorithms are classified into one stage, two stages and multi-stages according to the number of stages for detection. The principles of RetinaNet、CornerNet-Lite、feature pyramid network (FPN) and other algorithms are described and compared. Secondly, this paper describes the application of small object detection technology in different fields, and summarizes the data sets such as MS COCO、PASCAL VOC、DOTA、KITTI and algorithm performance evaluation indicators. Finally, the challenges faced by small object detection are concluded, and the future research directions are prospected.  
      关键词:small object detection;scale variation;feature pyramid;deep learning;feature extraction;convolutional neural network   
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    • JIANG Liu-bing, ZHOU Xiao-long, CHE Li
      Vol. 48, Issue 3, Pages: 602-615(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.03.025
      摘要:As radar hardware platforms become smaller and cheaper, indoor radar-based motion recognition applications have become reality and can be implemented in low-cost devices with simple architectures. The carrier-free ultra-wideband (UWB) radar has extremely high resolution, which can capture the slight movement of the human motion and has a strong anti-jamming capability in indoor complex environments. Human motion recognition based on UWB radar compared to video-based also has the advantage of penetrating furniture, walls and protecting personal privacy. Aiming at the defects that the traditional time-frequency analysis method based on radar realizes the human motion recognition is time-consuming and poor real-time performance, the machine learning method is introduced to classify and recognize different types of human motions. The biggest difficulty in introducing machine learning methods for UWB radar human motion recognition is that there are only a few-shot of available UWB radar measured data samples. Therefore, a human motion feature extraction method based on principal component analysis (PCA) and discrete cosine transform (DCT) is proposed. And the support vector machine (SVM) optimized by the improved grid search algorithm is used for human motion recognition under few-shot samples. Finally, simulations experiments are performed based on measured data through three different schemes. Under the condition that there are only 5 groups of training data samples, the average recognition rate of human motion recognition can reach more than 96%.  
      关键词:carrier-free UWB radar;human action recognition;principal component analysis (PCA);discrete cosine transform (DCT);few-shot learning;machine learning   
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    • Novel Single-Phase Soft-Switching AC-DC-AC Converter

      WANG Qiang, LI Bing, WANG Tian-shi, LIU Xiao-qin
      Vol. 48, Issue 3, Pages: 616-620(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.03.026
      摘要:In order to improve the performance of the single-phase AC-DC-AC converter, a single-phase resonant DC link zero-voltage switching AC-DC-AC power converter topology is proposed. It is composed of a totem-pole type single phase rectifier, an auxiliary resonant circuit in the DC link and a single-phase full bridge inverter. The output voltage of the rectifier and the input voltage of the inverter can be changed to zero respectively via the same auxiliary circuit and the switching devices on the arm of the rectifier and inverter can achieve zero-voltage switching respectively. This paper analyzes the working process of the circuit. The experimental results on the 1.2kW prototype show that the switching devices achieved soft switching. The topological structure has reference significance for the development of energy-saving single-phase AC-DC-AC converters.  
      关键词:rectifier;inverter;zero-voltage switching;transformer;resonance   
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    • WANG Qiang, XU You-wan, WANG Tian-shi, LIU Xiao-qin
      Vol. 48, Issue 3, Pages: 621-624(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.03.027
      摘要:In the commutation process of auxiliary circuit in the resonant pole soft-switching inverter, the accumulation of remanence can lead to saturation of transformer core. To avoid this case, the article proposes a novel topology of three-phase energy-saving resonant pole inverter with transformer-assisted commutation. Under the effect of diode reverse blocking, the magnetizing current of the transformer is unable to form a steady state circulation so that all the energy in the transformer is transferred to the load. The magnetizing current changes to zero, which realizes demagnetizing and resetting function of transformer finally. In addition, the main switch and auxiliary switch of the inverter can achieve zero-voltage soft-switching and zero-current soft-switching respectively. The article analyzes the commutation process. The experimental results show that the switching devices of the inverter have achieved soft switching and the magnetization current of the transformer can reduce to zero. The topology has a certain reference value for the development of the high-performance resonant pole inverter.  
        
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