最新刊期

    48 9 2020
    • Deep Learning Target Tracking Algorithm Based on Construction Site Scene

      MA Shao-xiong, QIU Shi, TANG Ying, ZHANG Xiao
      Vol. 48, Issue 9, Pages: 1665-1671(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.09.001
      摘要:Construction site is difficult to be effectively managed owing to its complex environment. A deep learning target tracking algorithm based on construction site scene is proposed to assist the construction progress. Firstly, according to the continuity of the target in the site scene, the enhanced group tracker is constructed to improve the successful probability of target tracking. Then, the depth detector is constructed with sliding window, stacked denoising auto encoder (SDAE) and support vector machine (SVM). Sliding window: a model is built from the gradient angle to realize window adaption. SDAE algorithm: the reverse algorithm is built to fine-tune network parameters. Optimized SVM algorithm reduces the probability of target drift and tracking failure. Finally, high precision tracking is achieved. Experiments show that the proposed algorithm can track the target effectively and realize dynamic management.  
      关键词:site scene;deep learning;target detecting;the enhanced group filter;SDAE;SVM   
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    • Hierarchical Attention Representation Model for Music Recommendation

      LI Lin, TANG Shou-lian
      Vol. 48, Issue 9, Pages: 1672-1679(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.09.002
      摘要:Current music recommendation models can mine the general preference between users and music, which are unable to distinguish the differential preference of different users towards the same song. Therefore, we propose a hierarchical attention representation model (HARM) to improve the music recommendation quality. HARM utilizes attributes of users and contents of music to learn music representation from the perspective of multi-dimension and mine the preference relationship between user and music. In order to mine users' differential preference on music's multi-field feature, a user feature-dependent attention network is designed. In addition, in order to mine the impacts of different historical behavior on user preference and learn sequential dependency of user's, a music-dependent attention network is designed. Finally, recommendation is generated by using a softmax function to calculate the preference distribution of users on candidate songs. The experimental results on 30Music and MIGU datasets shows that, comparing with the existent recommendation models, HARM can gain significant improvement on Recall and MRR.  
      关键词:feature representation;attention network;sequential relationship;music recommendation   
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    • CHEN Jie, LI Rui, ZHAO Shu, ZHANG Yan-ping
      Vol. 48, Issue 9, Pages: 1680-1687(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.09.003
      摘要:Community detection based on graph representation learn nodes' vector representation, and then communities are obtained by clustering algorithm. However, when classical clustering algorithms often fail to reflect the characteristics of communities. Cluster cover algorithm (CCL) is proposed. CCL clusters nodes' vector into covers. A cover is viewed as a community. Firstly, the cover center of each cluster is calculated in the node vector space. Then, according to the average distance among the cover center and the same class samples as the cover radius, a cover is formed in the vector space. Finally, the nodes outside the covers are grouped into suitable cover to obtain community structure. Experiments with real and non-real tag networks show that the algorithm can get more reasonable community results.  
      关键词:community detection;graph represents;clustering;cover algorithm   
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    • High Accuracy DOA Estimation Method with Array Sensor Failure

      SUN Bing, WU Chen-xi, RUAN Huai-lin, YE Wen-qiang, SU Bao-tong
      Vol. 48, Issue 9, Pages: 1688-1694(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.09.004
      摘要:Array sensors failure can significantly deteriorate the performance of direction of arrival (DOA) estimation. To address this problem, an algorithm via covariance matrix reconstruction is proposed. Firstly, we devise a diagnosis method to detect the failure sensors. Based on the robustness of the array, the sensor failure scenarios are divided into redundant sensor failures and non-redundant sensor failures. Then, the corresponding DOA estimation method is adopted for two failure scenarios. For redundant sensor failures, the virtual sensors of the difference coarray can be used to occupy the positions of the failed physical sensors by utilizing the array redundancy. For non-redundant sensor failures, the virtual sensors in the difference coarray will have holes. Employing the matrix completion theory, we use trace norm instead of the rank norm for convex relaxation to recover the matrix, thereby realizing the filling of the virtual sensor holes in the difference coarray and restoring the DOFs. Compared with the sparsity-based methods, the proposed method can eliminate the effect of the off-grid. Finally, the subspace method is employed for DOA estimation. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the proposed methods can alleviate the effect of array sensor failure and improve the estimation performance.  
      关键词:direction of arrival;sensor failure;sensor diagnosis;matrix reconstruction;redundant   
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    • LI Dong-jin, YANG Rui-juan, LI Xiao-bai, DONG Rui-jie
      Vol. 48, Issue 9, Pages: 1695-1702(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.09.005
      摘要:Aiming at the problems of low feature stability in emitter signal recognition and poor adaptability to low signal-to-noise (SNR) environment, a recognition method based on secondary time-frequency distribution, kernel collaborative representation and discriminative projection (KCRDP) was proposed. First, the pre-processing algorithms of time-frequency transform, sparse domain noise reduction, and secondary feature extraction are used to reduce noise interference and feature redundancy, and secondary time-frequency distribution features with high stability were obtained. Then, the kernel collaborative representation and discriminative projection ideas are used to complete the dimensionality reduction learning and dictionary learning to improve the low-dimensional representation and inter-class discrimination capabilities of the data. Finally, the system is optimized through offline training and used for classification verification. Simulation results show that the secondary time-frequency distribution feature has high stability, and the recognition method has strong robustness, timeliness and adaptability. When the SNR is -10dB, the overall average recognition rate of the eight signals reaches 96.88%.  
      关键词:emitter signal recognition;kernel collaborative representation;discriminative projection;secondary time-frequency distribution(STFD);mini-batch stochastic gradient descent(MSGD)   
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    • Design of a Low Jitter Phase Locked Loop for Array TDC

      WU Jin, SUN Ya-wei, PENG Jie, ZHENG Li-xia, LUO Mu-chang, SUN Wei-feng
      Vol. 48, Issue 9, Pages: 1703-1710(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.09.006
      摘要:The traditional PLL (Phase Locked Loop) circuit is limited by the selection of loop parameters and its phase noise and jitter characteristics have been difficult to meet the application requirements of large array and high precision TDC (Time-to-Digital Converter). This paper devotes to the optimal selection of PLL loop bandwidth and a PLL circuit with low noise and low jitter characteristics is designed. The chip area is approximately 0.745mm×0.368mm. The actual test results of the chip show that under the condition of external signal source input 15.625MHz clock signal and the PLL output frequency can be locked at 250.0007MHz. The frequency deviation is 0.7kHz. The duty cycle of the output clock is 51.59% and the phase noise is-114.66dBc/Hz@1MHz. The RMS jitter of the clock is 4.3ps and the peak-to-peak jitter is 32.2ps. The phase noise of the phase-locked loop is significantly reduced and the jitter characteristics of the output clock are significantly optimized, which can basically meet the application needs of the array TDC.  
      关键词:phase locked loop;low jitter;phase noise   
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    • End-to-End Autonomous Driving Decision Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning

      HUANG Zhi-qing, QU Zhi-wei, ZHANG Ji, ZHANG Yan-xin, TIAN Rui
      Vol. 48, Issue 9, Pages: 1711-1719(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.09.007
      摘要:The end-to-end driving decision making is a research hotspot in the field of autonomous driving. This paper studies the end-to-end driving decision of continuous action output based on DDPG (Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient) deep reinforcement learning algorithm. First, an end-to-end decision-making control model based on DDPG algorithm is established. The model outputs the continuous control quantity of vehicle driving action (acceleration, braking, steering) according to the continuously acquired perception information (such as vehicle angle, vehicle speed, road distance, etc.) as the input state. Then, the model is trained and verified in different driving environments on the platform of TORCS (The Open Racing Car Simulator). The results show that the model can realize the end-to-end decision-making of autonomous driving. At last, it is compared with DQN (Deep Q-Learning Network) model of discrete action output. The experimental results show that DDPG model has better decision control effect.  
      关键词:autonomous driving;end-to-end decision-making;deep reinforcement learning;DDPG   
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    • ZHANG Yang-sen, ZHOU Wei-xiang, ZHANG Yu-yao, WU Yun-fang
      Vol. 48, Issue 9, Pages: 1720-1728(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.09.008
      摘要:Identification of network negative news has important research significance in network public opinion monitoring. Aiming at the problem that negative news is difficult to detect under the current mass data, this paper proposes a method of negative news recognition based on emotional computing and hierarchical multi-head attention mechanism. Firstly, this paper uses TFIDF (Term Frequeney-Inverse Document Frquency) and emotional similarity algorithm to construct negative news emotional lexicon from news texts. Secondly, this paper uses the method of emotional tendency calculation to calculate the degree of emotional tendency of negative news affective words. Finally, the model vectorizes the emotional tendencies of words and expressions, and use hierarchical multi-attention model to judge the positive and negative emotions of news. The introduction of emotional computing and multi-attention mechanism is of great help in capturing emotional words in texts. Finally, this paper compares the real network news text data with many existing algorithms, and proves that the model has a good recognition effect. Compared with the Han model and LSTM model, it is increased by 0.67% and 3.29% respectively.  
      关键词:semantic similarity;emotional computing;multi-head attention mechanism;emotional tendency   
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    • Parameterized Pooling Convolution Neural Network for Image Classification

      JIANG Ze-tao, QIN Jia-qi, ZHANG Shao-qin
      Vol. 48, Issue 9, Pages: 1729-1734(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.09.009
      摘要:Traditional convolutional neural network uses pooling layer to reduce the dimension of feature, which usually results in information loss, thus affecting the expression ability of the network. To solve this problem, the parameterized pooling layer is used to replace the pooling layer in the conventional convolutional neural network, and the parameterized pooling CNN (PPCNN) is proposed. In the case that only a few network parameters are added in the parameter pooling layer, it is possible to retain the desired features. At the same time, the forward propagation information of the pooling layer is added, which affects the update of weight in the backpropagation algorithm, and the network convergence speed is faster. Compared with the conventional convolutional neural network model and some improved models, experimental results show that the PPCNN model is effective.  
      关键词:convolutional neural network;image classification;pooling;parameter optimization   
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    • Research on Rating Prediction Algorithm of Live TV Recommender Systems

      GUO Jing-feng, ZHU Xiao-song, LI Shuang
      Vol. 48, Issue 9, Pages: 1735-1740(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.09.010
      摘要:With the increase of TV channels, the application of recommender systems in the field of live TV has become a research hotspot. However, a traditional VOD (Video on Demand) recommender system is unable to be directly applied in live TV because of its special way of broadcasting and watching, and the existing methods of recommending channels do not pay attention to status of TV shows being broadcasted, which affects recommendation accuracy, and the methods of recommending programs are difficult to handle cold start of TV shows. Therefore, this paper proposes a rating prediction algorithm by fusing TV channel recommendation method and TV program recommendation method OFAP (Over the First by Adding Preference). Firstly, we construct different channel-time preference matrix and rating weight matrix of pre-recommendation for each user by clustering their viewing logs. Secondly, we propose a rating strategy to alleviate the cold-start problem of TV programs for existing program recommendation algorithms, and we adopt one of them to perform pre-recommendation. Finally, we combine user's preference, rating weight and rating of pre-recommendation to construct a prediction function, which is trained with the results of pre-recommendation. Experiments on industrial datasets show that the proposed model OFAP significantly outperforms baseline algorithms when Precision@N and Recall@N are adopted as criterias.  
      关键词:live TV;recommender system;cold start;time-based;pre-recommendation;collaborative filtering;TV channel   
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    • WANG Wen-qi, LI Zong-chun, CHENG Zhi-feng, FENG Qi-qiang, ZHANG Guan-yu
      Vol. 48, Issue 9, Pages: 1741-1747(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.09.011
      摘要:Aiming at the unreasonable problem of gross error elimination and weight determination in traditional antenna measurement data processing, a method for multi-elevation antenna measurement data processing is proposed, which combines gross error elimination and weighting way of L1-norm least method. Firstly, according to the characteristics of reflector gravity deformation, the gross error was eliminated by constructing statistics, which improved the reliability of measurement data. Secondly, referring to the deformation characteristics of measurement points, the L1-norm least method in robust estimation was introduced to determine the weights of different deformation points, so as to solve the "false fitting surface" problem of equal-weight least square fitting. Through the calculation of measurement data for a Φ 13m antenna reflector, compared with other methods, the fitting results of this method can reasonably and accurately reflect the actual reflector deformation deviation, and this method is more suitable for the data processing of antenna reflector gravity deformation.  
      关键词:antenna reflector measurement;gravity deformation;equal-weight least square fitting;gross error elimination;IGGIII method;L1-norm least method   
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    • ZHANG Jia-chi, LIU Liu, HAN Bo-tao, WANG Dong, TANG Pan
      Vol. 48, Issue 9, Pages: 1748-1754(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.09.012
      摘要:The cloud radio access network (C-RAN) with limited-capacity fronthauls cannot cope with the large-scale centralized passenger resource requests efficiently in high-speed railway (HSR) scenarios. As such, this paper adds a cache device to the remote radio head (RRH) to enable the function of storing and forwarding resources. Moreover, a cache-based pre-downloading scheme for passenger data communication is proposed to improve the network throughput by using the predictive information of the train. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme can significantly boost the average transmission rate of resources, enhance the throughput of HSR communication network and improve passengers' in-journey communication quality of service (QoS) when the fronthaul link is congested.  
      关键词:high-speed railway communication;cloud RAN;fronthaul link;limited capacity;cache mechanism;pre-downloading scheme   
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    • FAN Cheng, SONG Zhan-jie, WANG Huo-gen, CAI Zhi-sen, JIANG Chao-chuan, ZHANG Shuo
      Vol. 48, Issue 9, Pages: 1755-1761(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.09.013
      摘要:Although real-time holographic display technology has been developed in recent years, how to develop an ideal 3D (three dimension) display that meets human visual condition is always a challenging task. Based on the four-dimensional Fourier transforms of the wave function of photons, a holographic sampling theory is proposed for the information of a three-dimensional space with the sampling unit by hoxel and spectrum (spatial spectrum). It is successfully applied to the practice of three dimensional information processing such as discrete acquisition, integral restoration and holographic display of a three dimensional space. Based on a commercial 4K flat-panel displayer and the microlens arrays combined with a holographic functional screen, the perfect holographic three-dimensional displays for human vision is demonstrated.  
      关键词:holographic sampling;holographic display;holographic functional screen;hoxel;spactrum;random field;local average sampling;four dimensional Fourier transforms   
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    • Learning Attentional Regularized Correlation Filter for Visual Tracking

      QIU Zhu-ling, ZHA Yu-fei, WU Min, WANG Qing
      Vol. 48, Issue 9, Pages: 1762-1768(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.09.014
      摘要:Boundary effect is an important factor which restricts the performance of correlation filter. At present, most methods simply use the prior knowledge, such as inverse Gaussian distribution, preset masks, etc., or segment the foreground target to constrain solving as the regularization term, which do not consider characteristics of the target in the spatial and temporal domain. To address this problem, this paper proposes a learning attention regularized correlation filter for visual tracking. The method uses the attention mechanism to learn the specific spatial weight of the target, which can adapt to the variations of target in the spatial domain by considering the spatial distribution characteristics of the target. At the same time, this paper uses the continuity of the target in the temporal domain. The filter is indirectly adjusted by constraining the attention weight matrix. Finally, the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) is employed to iteratively optimize the model. We conduct extensive experiments on the proposed method in the standard tracking database. The results show that the proposed algorithm can track the target in real time, and has a certain improvement in precision and success rate.  
      关键词:single target;visual tracking;machine learning;regularization;correlation filter;attention mechanism   
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    • Semantic Segmentation Algorithm Based on Improved MobileNetV2

      MENG Lu, XU Lei, GUO Jia-yang
      Vol. 48, Issue 9, Pages: 1769-1776(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.09.015
      摘要:The algorithm of semantic segmentation based on pyramid convolution neural network has high accuracy, but it consumes a lot of computing resources, takes a long time to execute, and cannot meet the real-time requirements. To overcome these shortcomings, this paper made the following improvements: (1) replacing the original network structure with MobileNet in order to reduce the computation time and memory consumption; (2) using encoder-decoder structure to improve the resolution of the output image and further refine the segmentation results; (3) using a multi-level image input method, which can reduce the time consumed by network inference of high-resolution image. Our method was tested on the VOC 2012 dataset and the Cityscapes dataset compared with other state-of-the-art semantic segmentation models such as FCN (Fully Convolutional Networks), SegNet, DeepLab, PSPNet and DFN (Discriminative Feature Network). Experimental results showed that our method achieved mIoU of 76.1% on the VOC 2012 dataset, and achieved mIOU of 74.1% on the Cityscapes dataset, which was a little lower than the traditional semantic segmentation algorithms. It took 18ms for our method to predict a 1024×512 picture, which achieved a balance between accuracy and computational resource consumption.  
      关键词:semantic segmentation;convolution neural network;pyramid network;fast semantic segmentation;MobileNet;encoder-decoder   
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    • LIU Jian-feng, SUN Li-fan, PU Jie-xin, HE Zi-shu, WANG Yan-ling
      Vol. 48, Issue 9, Pages: 1777-1785(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.09.016
      摘要:Accurate and fast estimation for states is the key to the multi-robot cooperative transportation. However, the majority of the existing multi-robot cooperative localization approaches have a common limitation in which they cannot satisfy the requirements to the positioning accuracy and computational complexity. According to the task characteristics of cooperative transportation, the rigid constrains of the range and azimuth information are first introduced into the cooperative localization. Moreover, the close coupling relationship between robots is fully utilized to establish the general and effective kinematics and measurement models with the rigid constrains. This facilitates the derivation of an efficient approach to the dual-robot cooperative localization based on Gauss-Hermite quadrature Kalman filter (QKF). Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach has much higher positioning accuracy than the QKF cooperative localization approach based on unconstrained models, and reduces the computational complexity largely. This paves the way for the real-time cooperative localization in practical applications.  
      关键词:cooperative localization;cooperative transportation;rigid constraint;quadrature Kalman filter;dual-robot system;time complexity analysis   
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    • Robust Threshold Proxy Re-encryption Scheme from Ideal Lattices

      WU Li-qiang, HAN Yi-liang, YANG Xiao-yuan, ZHANG Min-qing, YANG Kai
      Vol. 48, Issue 9, Pages: 1786-1794(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.09.017
      摘要:Proxy re-encryption can achieve decryption permission conversion, while robust threshold proxy re-encryption (TPRE) supports not only secure and flexible conversion control, but also the validity verification of converted ciphertext. An ideal lattices based TPRE was proposed achieving threshold control by Shamir secret sharing and robustness by homomorphic signature technique, which could resist to quantum analysis completely. The new scheme enjoys small ciphertext size, short key share and high calculation speed compared with the similar schemes from standard lattices. Based on the differences between PRE and TPRE security models, attacks on our TPRE can be transformed into corresponding attacks on potential PRE scheme in polynomial time, therefore its security can be reduced to R-LWE (Learning With Errors over Ring) difficult assumption. It provides encryption and cryptographic access control in a decentralized environment, and widely used in scenarios such as file sharing based on blockchain networks and rapid interconnection of multi-domain networks.  
      关键词:proxy re-encryption;ideal lattices;robustness;homomorphic signature;access control;quantum attack   
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    • LIU Jin-ping, WANG Jie, TANG Zhao-hui, HE Jun-bin, XIE Yong-fang, MA Tian-yu
      Vol. 48, Issue 9, Pages: 1795-1803(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.09.018
      摘要:This paper presents an adaptive sliding window recursive sparse principal component analysis method for the on-line fault monitoring of time-varying industrial processes. Firstly, feature information of normal process data space is extracted by the sliding window, and the sparse principal component analysis is applied to the current window block matrix to construct the sparse principal component analysis-based process fault monitoring model. Then, the forgetting factor is adjusted in real time according to the similarities of adjacent windows to update the sliding window size adaptively, so that the sparse principal component fault monitoring model can effectively track the time-varying process. Finally, the sparse load matrix of the sliding window is renewed recursively to update the fault monitoring model dynamically. Fault monitoring results of the nonlinear numerical simulation system and the Tennessee-Eastman process show that the proposed method can effectively improve the fault detection accuracy and adapt to the on-line fault monitoring of long process industries with time-varying processes.  
      关键词:time-varying industrial processes;fault monitoring;sliding window;recursive sparse principal component analysis(RSPCA)   
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    • WANG Yan, WANG Cong-si, LEI Ting, ZHANG Feng-tao, XU Qian, LI Hai-hua, WANG Wei-feng, GAO Wei, DU Biao, LI Bing
      Vol. 48, Issue 9, Pages: 1804-1813(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.09.019
      摘要:The next generation communication base station antennas represented by the phased array antennas are developing towards high frequency, high gain, high density and high pointing accuracy. The influence of mechanical structure factors on the channel quality of communication system is becoming more and more obvious, and the electromechanical coupling problem is becoming increasingly prominent. In order to ensure the realization of 5G/6G communication capacity in complex working environment, the electromechanical coupling model of channel capacity was established in terms of the electromechanical-thermal coupling problem of the communication base station phased array antenna. Several factors such as the positional shift, deflection of the antenna element and temperature distributions were considered in this model, which can be used to assess the degradation of communication indicators in the heating environment of RF devices. A sensitivity model of the array antenna's electric field strength and channel capacity to the random position error of the antenna element was constructed, and the effect of random position error of each antenna element on the communication indicators under different working conditions was analyzed.s  
      关键词:channel capacity;electromechanical coupling;communication base station;phased array;microstrip antenna   
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    • ZHANG Wen-fang, LEI Li-ting, WANG Xiao-min, WANG Yu
      Vol. 48, Issue 9, Pages: 1814-1823(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.09.020
      摘要:In order to solve low efficiency and frequent updates of vehicles' public keys and private keys, a certificateless aggregate signature authentication and key agreement scheme with anonymity in vehicular Ad-Hoc network (VANET) is proposed. In our scheme, by using temporary identity and pre-signature, vehicles' privacy protection and anonymity authentication can be realized. On the other hand, the suspected vehicles can be tracked by the trust authority with the index database of the temporary identity to satisfy conditional anonymity. Meantime, if the temporary identity is changed, it is not necessary to update vehicles' public keys and private keys in this scheme, so the cost of system can be reduced. Moreover, the pairing-free aggregate signature technology is used to improve the efficiency further, which makes the number of signatures and the verification cost of the server be decreased. It is shown that our protocol is provably secure in eCK model under the computational Diffie-Hellman (CDH) assumption.  
      关键词:vehicular Ad-Hoc network;cloud service;authentication and key agreement;certificateless;aggregate signature;conditional anonymity   
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    • HUANG Hong, XU Ke-jie, SHI Guang-yao
      Vol. 48, Issue 9, Pages: 1824-1833(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.09.021
      摘要:High resolution image possesses abundant information of ground objects. The hand-crafted features cannot meet the demand of complex scene classification due to complex scene distribution, while the unsupervised feature learning method can exploit the intrinsic structure of image patches to obtain effective discriminating features. However, single feature with a scale is difficult to represent the characteristics of complex scenes in practical applications, which restricts classification performance. To solve this problem, this paper proposed a new method based on multi-scale and multi-feature fusion (MMF) for remote sensing scene classification. At first, an improved unsupervised feature learning via spectral clustering (iUFL-SC) is designed to effectively reveal the intrinsic structure of image patches, and then the iUFL-SC, LBP, and SIFT features of image patches are extracted by dense sampling in each image. After that, the middle-level features of each scene are obtained through bag of visual words (BoVW) model for effective feature description. Finally, the fused features are classified by histogram intersection kernel SVM. Experimental results on two public data sets indicate that MMF can extract discriminant features of remote sensing image and subsequently improve the classification performance.  
      关键词:remote sensing;high resolution images;scene classification;unsupervised features;feature fusion;bag of visual words   
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    • PAN Pan, ZI Zhang-xiong, CAI Jun, TANG Ye, LIU Shi-shuo, XIE Qing-mei, BIAN Xing-wang, FENG Jin-jun
      Vol. 48, Issue 9, Pages: 1834-1840(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.09.022
      摘要:Millimeter wave traveling wave tubes are potentially effective and feasible power amplifier solutions for high data rate wireless communication. Research projects of high data rate wireless communication technology based on millimeter wave traveling wave tubes, whose operation frequency ranges are between 71 GHz and 300 GHz, are being developed abroad. The development of millimeter wave traveling wave tubes between 71 GHz and 235 GHz are presented. The enabling technologies of these devices are also overviewed, such as microfabrication of slow wave structures, novel design of slow wave structures and transmission with broadband and low loss.  
      关键词:wireless communication;millimeter wave;power amplifier;vacuum electron device;traveling wave tube;folded waveguide   
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    • ZHANG Cong-xuan, ZHOU Zhong-kai, CHEN Zhen, GE Li-yue, LI Ming, JIANG Shao-feng, CHEN Hao
      Vol. 48, Issue 9, Pages: 1841-1849(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.09.023
      摘要:Optical flow computation is an important research direction in image processing and computer vision. With the rapid development of the deep learning technology, the convolutional neural network based deep learning theories and methodologies have been the research focus of optical flow computation. This article mainly reviews the research progress of the deep learning based optical flow estimation technologies. First, the typical models and training strategies of the optical flow computing networks with supervised learning, unsupervised learning and semi-supervised learning are introduced. Second, the optimization methods of various network models are described and analyzed. Third, the evaluation benchmarks of Middlebury, MPI-Sintel and KITTI databases are summarized, and the experimental comparison results and analysis between the different deep-learning and variational optical flow methods are conducted. Finally, we discuss some issues of the deep learning based optical flow computation technology including the model complexity and generalization, the robustness of optical flow estimation and the accuracy of the small sample training. Afterwards, we point out several possible solutions and research ideas to address the above mentioned issues.  
      关键词:optical flow computation;deep learning;convolutional neural network;training strategy;optimization method;evaluation benchmark   
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    • LUO Wen-yu, XU Li, SHAO Xia
      Vol. 48, Issue 9, Pages: 1850-1859(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.09.024
      摘要:Wireless environments usually represent the collection, which changes electromagnetic waves between communication devices significantly. Software-defined wireless environment allows programming customization of electromagnetic propagation laws in the most appropriate way for different communication devices, providing a new perspective for the development of wireless communications. Compared with the traditional passive communication technology, software-defined wireless environment has a higher degree of freedom, which has great potential in the new generation of mobile communications, especially in the field of millimeter wave and terahertz communications. This paper first introduces the concept, history and research status of software defined wireless environment. Then the basic model is given, and the performance advantages compared with the traditional methods are analyzed and summarized. Then it summarizes the key technologies of software defined wireless environment, such as system design, network service support and network communication protocol design, and points out the challenges faced by the future development of software defined wireless environment. Finally, several new research interests of software defined wireless environment for new generation mobile communication technology are refined.  
      关键词:software-defined wireless environments;programmable metasurface;hypersurface-tile;wireless protocol   
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    • An Energy-Saving Resonant DC Link Inverter

      WANG Qiang, GUO Guo-xian, WANG Tian-shi, LIU Xiao-qin
      Vol. 48, Issue 9, Pages: 1860-1863(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.09.025
      摘要:An energy-saving three-phase resonant DC (Dired Current) link soft-switching inverter is proposed to improve efficiency of the inverter. The auxiliary circuit is added on the DC link of the inverter. When the main switches need be operated, auxiliary circuit enters into the resonance state in advance. The voltage across DC link changes to zero so that the main switches can achieve zero-voltage soft switching. Besides, the auxiliary switch can also achieve soft switching. By controlling the interval time of the operation of the auxiliary switches, the zero-state duration of the DC link voltage can be adjusted so that various flexible pulse width modulation strategies can be applied in the inverter. The workflow of the inverter is analyzed. The experimental results show that the main switch and the auxiliary switch can achieve soft switching. Therefore, the topology is of reference for the development of high-performance resonant DC link inverters.  
      关键词:inverter;DC link;resonance;soft-switching;efficiency   
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    • FANG Sheng, PENG Xi-wen, XIE Ze-ming
      Vol. 48, Issue 9, Pages: 1864-1867(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.09.026
      摘要:To implement a highly efficient radio frequency (RF) filtering power amplifier (FPA), a harmonic controlled power amplifier (PA) and a band pass filter are jointly designed. The filter uses a multi-mode stub-loaded resonator (SLR) based on suspended strip-lines. The input impedance of the filter matches to the optimal fundamental and harmonic impedances of the RF power transistor of the PA, CGH40010F. No extra matching network is needed. The filter implements the functions of filtering, output matching, and harmonic controlling simultaneously, resulting in a compact and efficient harmonic controlled FPA. Measurements show that the FPA is with a good filtering characteristic and is with a maximum output power of 40 dBm and a power added efficiency (PAE) of 76.9% at 2.45GHz.  
      关键词:RF power amplifiers;class F power amplifiers;filtering power amplifiers;multimode filters;suspended strip-lines;power added efficiency;load impedance;harmonic controlling   
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    • Research on DOA of HF Backscatter Sounding

      ZHANG Cheng-feng, WANG Shi-kai, HUA Cai-cheng, LI Qiang
      Vol. 48, Issue 9, Pages: 1868-1872(2020) DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2020.09.027
      摘要:According to the ionospheric backscatter echoes characteristics, a method of DOA (Direction Of Arrival) estimation based on Capon beamforming, diagonal loading and windowing technology is proposed. The arrival angle of backscatter echoes is obtained by using the "L" type short wave two-dimensional receiving array. The frequency-group-elevation ionogram is obtained. The accuracy of the backscatter system is verified by the DOA estimation of direct wave and quasi-vertical signals.  
      关键词:HF backscatter sounding;spatial spectral estimation;diagonal loading;elevation   
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    • 目录

      Vol. 48, Issue 9, Pages: 1873-1874(2020)
        
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