最新刊期
卷 52 ， 期 6 ， 2024
- 摘要：Aiming at the problem that the existing orthogonal time sequence multiplexing (OTSM) communication equalization method is difficult to effectively deal with inter-symbol interference in high-speed mobile environment, a double iterative decision feedback equalization method based on least squares QR (LSQR) decomposition is proposed. The method utilizes the block characteristics of the time-domain transmission matrix of the OTSM system based on zero padding, and uses the LSQR iterative algorithm to equalize the time domain observation data in blocks to realize the rapid preliminary estimation of the signal symbol to be detected. Then, it is converted to the delay-sequence domain for dynamic threshold quantization decision by several iterations, and then the decision feedback results are used to eliminate block interference on the delay-sequence domain observation data. Finally, the iterative optimization of symbol initial estimation is realized by LSQR iterative equalization. The simulation results show that at the moving speed of 500 km/h and compared with Gauss-Seidel equalization method and maximum ratio combining equalization method, the performance gains of 2.61dB and 1.76 dB are obtained respectively by using 16-QAM modulation with the bit error rate at
- 摘要：In this paper, a multiple-input single-output (MISO) three-dimensional indoor integrated visible light positioning and communication (VLPC) system is proposed. The system obtains positioning data based on the received signal strength (RSS) three-dimensional visible light position (VLP) algorithm at the receiver; simultaneously estimates the channel state information (CSI) and uploads it to the transmitter for directional communication. The transmitter of this system is based on space shift keying (SSK) indoor visible light communication (VLC) technology to achieve the communication function of the system. Moreover, this scheme can completely avoid interference between communication and positioning subsystems. As a benchmark, we also derive analytical expression of the Cramér-Rao lower bound (CRLB) of the positioning error and the communication achievable rate of SSK-VLC of the VLPC system. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed solutions.关键词：visible light position;visible light communication;space shift keying;Cramér-Rao lower bound;achievable rate17|28|0更新时间：2025-12-11
- 摘要：To accurately model random wireless channels, an adaptive channel modeling framework based on a strengthened conditional generative adversarial network (GAN) is proposed. It utilizes the extended GAN for training to approximately estimate the response of wireless channels and thus stimulate the actual wireless channels. To improve both the GAN training stability and learning capability, conditional information and gradient penalty terms are introduced. Besides, a strengthened conditional GAN frame, named condition reinforcement GAN (CR-GAN), is proposed to extract the essential hidden characteristics of wireless channels. In addition, a hidden space sampling strategy is utilized to increase the mutual information between the potential variables and generative data for the improved channel modeling performance of the proposed framework. Simulation results demonstrate that, at a signal-to-noise ratio of 10 dB, the proposed CR-GAN framework outperforms current GAN-based models by reducing 24% of the normalized mean squared error.关键词：wireless communication;deep learning;channel modeling;generative adversarial networks19|29|0更新时间：2025-12-11
- 摘要：To enhance communication efficiency and ensure user fairness in multi-user multi-channel communication scenarios, based on multi-agent proximal policy optimization (MAPPO) for the application of dynamic spectrum access (DSA) technology, this paper proposes the MAPPO-DSA algorithm. The algorithm addresses the issue of spectrum waste in single-channel access when multiple channels are simultaneously idle by using multi-channel access as a solution. However, multi-channel access leads to an exponential increase in the state and action spaces, resulting in high computational costs and learning difficulties. To tackle this, the paper introduces the MAPPO deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithm to efficiently learn and optimize access strategies in complex environments. The design of MAPPO incorporates reinforcement learning elements such as observation and reward, as well as shared network parameters to ensure user fairness. Experimental results in different scenarios demonstrate that the proposed MAPPO-DSA algorithm can learn near-optimal access strategies, and approach the theoretical throughput limit in some scenarios, outperforming the existing algorithms significantly and effectively ensuring user fairness.关键词：dynamic spectrum access;deep reinforcement learning;multi-agent policy optimization;multi-channel access48|28|1更新时间：2025-12-11
- 摘要：Aiming at the problem that most of the existing works only consider the ideal channel state information (CSI) and hardware regulation capability, leading to high user transmission outages in real systems, considering the impact of imperfect CSI, limited phase-shift modulation and hardware impairments (HWIs), a robust energy-efficient (EE) optimization algorithm with the help of intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) was proposed in this paper. Taking the constraints of the maximum transmit power of the base station (BS), the discrete phase of the IRS, and the diverse transmission rate requirements of users into account, a joint optimization problem of the active beamforming of the BS and the passive beamforming of the IRS based on Gaussian CSI error models and additive HWI models was formulated as a multivariate and coupled energy-efficient maximization problem with uncertain parameters. Considering the coupled relationship between beamforming vectors and phase-shift matrices, the original problem was transformed into an active beamforming subproblem and a discrete phase-shift subproblem via an alternating optimization strategy. The former was converted into a convex problem by using Bernstein’s inequality, Dinkelbach’s method, and successive convex approximation. Then, the discrete phase-shift subproblem with the solved active beamforming vectors was resolved by applying the penalty function method and the projection theorem. Simulation results showed that the EE was improved by 15.8% and the outage gap reached 86.7%, compared to the traditional non-robust algorithm.关键词：intelligent reflecting surface;energy-efficient optimization;robustness17|40|0更新时间：2025-12-11
- 摘要：In traditional NOMA systems, signals between the near and far user equipment (UE) in the time and frequency domain are fully overlapped to obtain the highest spectrum efficiency, but interference between the UEs has become a critical issue. Partial NOMA (PNOMA) systems can significantly reduce the interference between the UEs because the NOMA mechanism is only partially adopted in the whole frequency band. Compared to traditional NOMA systems, PNOMA systems can significantly reduce the negative impact of imperfect successive interference cancellation (ipSIC) on the system sum rate. Based on the full-duplex cooperative NOMA (FD-CNOMA) and PNOMA system, this paper proposes a full-duplex cooperative PNOMA (FD-CPNOMA) system to reduce the interference between the UEs and accordingly improve the achievable system rate. Considering the non-ideal interference cancellation in practice and a FD-CPNOMA system consisting of one base station and multiple UEs, this paper proposes an optimization algorithm for UE pairing, non-orthogonal ratio control and power allocation. In addition, closed-forms of UE outage probability and approximate closed-forms of average achievable rates in this model are derived. Simulation results show that the performance of the proposed UE pairing scheme is better than the other three schemes, the maximum achievable rates of PNOMA systems are all better than the conventional NOMA systems, and the maximum achievable rate of FD-CPNOMA system is 95.42% and 44.06% higher than that of half-duplex cooperative NOMA (HD-CPNOMA) and PNOMA systems respectively with low signal-to-noise ratios (SNR). The proposed FD-CPNOMA system provides a better tradeoff between the fairness and average reachable rate among the UEs at high SNR.关键词：FD-CPNOMA;imperfect successive interference cancellation;UE pairing;power allocation;outage probability;average achievable rate17|27|0更新时间：2025-12-11
- 摘要：In orthogonal frequency division multiplexing systems, the pilot used for channel estimation occupies valuable transmission resources and consumes user equipment energy. To tackle this issue, a channel estimation method combining differential detection and deep neural network is proposed. At the transmitter, the transmitted data are differentially encoded. At the receiver, according to the idea of decision-directed channel estimation, the recovered data with differential decoding are regarded as the transmitted pilot to capture the initial features of the channel estimation. With the help of the captured initial features, an enhanced channel estimation network (En-CENet) is built to improve the channel estimation accuracy by integrating the differential features and channel features captured by the neural network. The simulation results show that, compared with the pilot-based channel estimation method and machine learning superposition channel estimation method, the proposed method improves the channel estimation accuracy while improving the spectral efficiency, saving the energy consumption of user equipment and reducing the computational complexity and running time of receiver.关键词：differential coding;neural network;channel estimation;bandwidth resources;energy consumption33|25|0更新时间：2025-12-11
- 摘要：Three new explicit constructions are proposed for quasi-cyclic (QC) low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes free of 4-cycles and 6-cycles with large column weights. The exponent matrices for these new methods are completely defined by two sequences of integers. The first sequence is an arithmetic sequence starting from zero with the common difference being one, and the second is a special sequence composed of integers satisfying the greatest-common-divisor(GCD) constraint. The new methods can produce rather small circulant sizes for many categories of row weights, while the existing explicit methods can only provide relatively large circulant sizes, thus the up-to-date smallest circulant sizes being nearly halved. Compared with the recently proposed symmetrical construction which relies upon extensive search, the new explicit constructions have similar or better decoding performance, possess extremely low description complexity and need no computer search.关键词：circulant;cycle;greatest common divisor;low-density parity-check code;quasi-cyclic124|22|0更新时间：2025-12-11
- 摘要：From the perspective of statistical physics, with the theory of spin glasses and complex networks, this paper systematically studies the statistical mechanics properties of Bernoulli systematic low-density generator matrix codes. First, we introduce Bernoulli construction of the systematic low-density generator matrix codes, encoding and decoding framework, and discuss the distribution of degree as well as the connection between normal graph and Erdös-Rényi (ER) random graphs. Then, we study the encoding and decoding model under the spin glasses theory, the association between codebook and configuration, cavity method and message-passing equation, and propose the population dynamics algorithm for systematic codes to perform asymptotic performance analysis efficiently. Finally, we propose the normal graph configuration model (NGCM) to generate normal graph with connection preference, study the effect of disassortativity on BP decoding performance and analyze the mechanism. The simulation results show that, although the population dynamics is essentially the same as the BP algorithm, the former is not limited to a concrete code, thus having an advantage in asymptotic analysis for code ensemble. In addition, appropriate disassortativity can significantly improve the BP decoding performance in the waterfall region, achieving lower bit error rate (BER) and reducing the iteration number of decoding (hence the complexity).关键词：spin glasses;complex networks;systematic low-density generator matrix codes;cavity method;belief propagation decoding algorithm;disassortativity120|28|0更新时间：2025-12-11
- 摘要：Molecular communication is a communication paradigm that uses nanoparticles such as molecules as information carriers to achieve communication through emission, coding, transmission and decoding. Magnetic nanoparticles have good biological compatibility to be information carriers. Magnetic nanoparticles can be better used to build body area nano network in the future and solve the communication and cooperation problems between nano machines. At present, the relevant research of molecular communication mainly focuses on the theoretical part, and there are relatively few researches and experiments on molecular communication platforms. In this paper, a molecular communication platform based on magnetic nanoparticles is designed, a series of experiments to study the communication situation of molecular communication under different modulation methods and different external environments are carried out. Finally, the future direction of molecular communication research is given.关键词：molecular communication;magnetic nanoparticles;signal modulation;platform;experiment26|27|0更新时间：2025-12-11
- 摘要：Aiming at the increasing demand for low-area and high-throughput encryption algorithms in IoT chips, three SM4 lightweight optimization hardware implementation schemes are proposed, which are speed priority, area priority, and area-speed trade-off. In the area priority scheme, the linear function L/L' is optimized to reduce the use of 48-bit registers and 120-bit XOR resources. In the speed priority scheme, two new S-boxes are introduced to realize the combination of the linear function L/L' and the look-up table S-box, so as to avoid the delay of the linear function L/L'. In the area-speed trade-off scheme, the S-box linear mapping, the inverse linear mapping and the linear function L/L' are merged into a function, and the encryption calculation is mapped to the composite filed, the delay of the S-box linear mapping can be reduced and the speed can be further improved. Compared with the existing schemes, the area of the area priority scheme is reduced by 5.5%~44.8% (only 2 371 GE), the power consumption is only 0.88 mW, and the maximum frequency is 324 MHz; the area of the speed priority scheme is 3 061 GE, and the maximum frequency is increased by more than 9.8%, up to 549 MHz, with a throughput rate of 439.2 Mbps.关键词：Internet of Things;SM4;lightweight;S-box;Optimization design28|28|0更新时间：2025-12-11
- 摘要：FBC (Feistel-based Block Cipher) is a lightweight block cipher selected in the second round of the National Cryptographic Algorithm Design Competition. It has many advantages such as simple algorithm structure, high security and excellent implementation performance, and has attracted much attention in the industry. The block size and key length of FBC are at least 128 bits, denoted as FBC-128. At present, the best result of differential attack on FBC-128 is 12-round.The time complexity is 293.41 encryptions, and the data complexity is 2122 chosen-plaintexts. However, it is still to be solved whether there is a longer differential distinguisher and higher rounds of key recovery attack on FBC. In this paper, a segmental statistical method is proposed to search the differential characteristic of FBC-128 based on the mixed-integer linear programming technology. The results show that FBC-128 exists15-round differential distinguisher with probability 2-121. Then, we extend it backward by one round, and launch a key recovery attack on 16-round FBC-128.The data complexity is 2121 chosen-plaintexts, and the time complexity is 292.68 encryptions. Compared with the existing results, the differential distinguisher and key recovery attacks are increased by 4 rounds with lower data and time complexity.关键词：automatic analysis;mixed-integer linear programming;block cipher;differential distinguisher;key recovery attack;FBC cipher63|36|1更新时间：2025-12-11
- 摘要：Cloud-edge computing for the Internet of vehicle (CEIoV) can support real-time access and service requests of large-scale vehicles. In order to ensure the security of its internal resources, vehicle identity usually needs to be validated before it can access CEIoV. However, because the vehicle itself is in the running state and moreover its computing, storage and communication resources are limited, the existing identity authentication protocol cannot be directly applied to authenticate a running vehicle in CEIoV. Therefore, this paper proposes a lightweight continuous authentication (LCA) protocol to realize vehicle authentication and guarantee the security of CEIoV internal resources. LCA is designed based on chameleon Hash function, whose implementation requires simple cryptographic operations and is easy to be deployed on the resource-limited devices. By using random oracle model, the semantic security of LCA is proved strictly. At the same time, the experimental results show that LCA has lower computational and communication costs in the continuous authentication process compared with prior schemes.关键词：identity authentication;chameleon Hash function;lightweight;mobile edge computing;privacy protection61|34|0更新时间：2025-12-11
- 摘要：In the edge-cloud collaborative application scenario, there are many problems in the secure communication, information security exchange and secure resource sharing of multi domain terminals. In order to solve these problems, a group key agreement (GKA) protocol based on dynamic attribute permissions is proposed. In the protocol, a key verification algorithm is proposed to solve the security problems caused by key generation and key distribution in the traditional scheme. The hidden attribute authentication technology is adopted to realize terminal identity authentication. At the same time, hidden attribute authentication technology ensures that the terminal identity and attribute information are not disclosed. In the protocol, the combination of attribute-based encryption (ABE) and Newton interpolation polynomial is adopted, which can support secure fine-grained group key agreement. By adopting asymmetric computing, the computing tasks are transferred to the edge server for execution to reduce the computing load of the terminal. The tamper-proof characteristics of blockchain technology are applied to realize the integrity verification of terminal identity and communication information so that the data can be traced. In addition, the protocol supports dynamic updating of attribute permissions to ensure the freshness of groups. Compared with the applied literature, this protocol has good performance in computing time, computing energy consumption and communication energy consumption.关键词：edge-cloud collaboration;group key agreement;Newton interpolating polynomial;attribute-based encryption;dynamic attribute permissions;hidden attribute authentication70|31|0更新时间：2025-12-11
- 摘要：In order to address the difficult fingerprinting-based visible light positioning (VLP) issue, an efficient fingerprinting interference model (FIM) calibration algorithm is proposed via leveraging Bayesian inference and stochastic optimization approaches. Firstly, a fingerprinting database is built by collecting received signal strength of visible light from various observation grids with known location and pose angles. Secondly, a Gaussian-form FIM is developed as per maximum entropy theory, and then FIM calibration is treated as a stochastic optimization problem. Finally, a successive convex approximation-driven optimization algorithm is proposed for calibrating FIM parameters by exploiting hidden convex sub-structures of FIM, thus improving the fingerprinting-based VLP performance. With our problem-specific algorithm design, the proposed FIM calibration-enhanced VLP method can alleviate the disturbance from non-line-of-sight propagation interference and fingerprinting model mismatch. It is verified by simulation results that our FIM calibration-enhanced VLP method outperforms the state-of-the-art baseline methods.关键词：visible light-based positioning;fingerprinting model;indoor localization;non-line-of-sight interference22|27|0更新时间：2025-12-11
- 摘要：To improve the accuracy of traffic flow prediction and to solve the problems of high-dimensional nonlinearity and spatio-temporal dependence of traffic flow, a combined feature distillation and variational Bayes encoders traffic flow forecasting model (ST-DVBE) is proposed. First, to extract the time window characteristics corresponding to each time series, the multi-modal time slots and spatial slots are constructed. Second, with spatio-temporal slot feature extraction model as the input of feature knowledge distillation architecture, and space-time feature crystallization extracted by knowledge distillation structure, the learning process of student model is guided by teacher model, so as to improve the generalization ability of student model. Finally, the variational Bayesian encoder is employed to capture the latent variables of traffic flow data by encoding the crystallization of spatiotemporal features. Utilizing the generated latent variables, the decoder reconstructs them into new predicted values. Experimental results demonstrate a significant enhancement in predictive performance with the proposed model, especially with better robustness in mid- and long-term forecasting.关键词：feature distillation;multimodal temporal slots;spatial slots;variational Bayes;generative model;variational inference20|29|0更新时间：2025-12-11
- 摘要：As the first key link in medical information extraction, the medical named entity recognition task aims to extract medical-related entities from unstructured texts such as electronic medical records and Chinese medical instructions. Most current Chinese medical named entity recognition works obtain text representation vectors by fine-tuning pre-trained models, and then use feature engineering to improve the performance of the models in the medical field. Most of these models are derived from models that perform well on general-purpose datasets, without considering the language characteristics of Chinese medical datasets. Through statistical analysis on multiple medical data sets, it is found that some types of medical entities have similarities in glyphs. For example, in Chinese characters, most of the characters representing diseases contain “疒”, and most of the characters representing body organs contain “月”. In response to these problems, this paper proposes a Chinese medical named entity recognition method based on glyph features. This method improves the accuracy and generalization ability of the model by fusing the glyph vector on the text representation vector and further utilizing the negative samples in the dataset. Experimental results on multiple public Chinese medical datasets show that this method achieves better results than other models, and ablation experiments prove that fusing glyph features and learning from negative samples is effective for this task.关键词：glyph feature;negative sample;two stages;medical information;named entity recognition;deep learning22|29|1更新时间：2025-12-11
- 摘要：Jointly extracting elements like entities and their relationships, as well as events and their arguments, is a crucial natural language processing task. Current methods, primarily based on unified coding or parameter sharing, fail to explicitly model inter-task relationships. This limitation restricts the use of inter-task correlations and hinders effective collaboration. To address this, we propose a task-collaboration representation enhanced model for joint extraction of elements and relationships (TCRE). TCRE strategically captures and leverages specific inter-task relationship representations across multiple stages, facilitating precise tuning and optimization of subtasks, thereby enhancing overall model performance. In evaluations on three relation extraction and one event extraction datasets, TCRE demonstrated performance improvements of 0.57% in entity recognition, 0.77% in relation extraction, 0.7% in trigger word recognition, and 1.4% in argument role classification. Additionally, TCRE effectively mitigates the “seesaw phenomenon”.关键词：relationship representation;joint extraction;task collaboration;multi task learning;seesaw phenomenon15|27|0更新时间：2025-12-11
- 摘要：In the deep learning privacy protection based on differential privacy, the length of the training period and the allocation of the privacy budget directly restrict the utility of the deep learning model. In the existing methods of deep learning combined with differential privacy, the model training cycle is limited and the budget allocation of a large number of feature privacy is unreasonable, which leads to poor security and availability of the model. We propose a method of deep learning methods based on data feature relevance and adaptive differential privacy (RADP). First, the method uses the layer-by-layer correlation propagation algorithm to calculate the average correlation of each feature parameter and the output result on the original data set on the pre-trained model and uses the information entropy-based method to calculate the average correlation of each feature parameter. According to the privacy metric, the Laplace noise is adaptively added to the average correlation; on this basis, according to the average correlation of each feature parameter, the privacy budget is allocated reasonably, Laplace noise is added to the feature parameters; finally, theoretical analysis shows that the method proposed in this paper satisfies
- 摘要：Nowadays, information geometry detectors mostly utilized covariance matrix model and measured the difference between the sample data from the cell under test and clutter data on the matrix manifold to distinguish them for radar target detection. However, under complex clutter backgrounds, the received signal with target echoes is clutter-dominated due to the low signal-to-clutter ratio, so the similarity between them in terms of statistics leaded to the unavailable distinguishability, so the performance advantage of information geometry detector was limited. To break through this limit, this paper proposed the information geometry detector based on a joint optimization of feature and metric. Specifically, this paper first designed the flexible framework of information geometry detector with a changeable signal feature and a metric. Then, on the basis of this framework, the Neyman-Pearson criterion based joint optimization with respect to feature and metric was established. By utilizing the locally flatness hypothesis and multilayer perceptron, the decision variables in the optimization problem were parameterized, and then the two-stage algorithm for this optimization problem was deduced. Based on the simulated data and real-recorded sea clutter data, the experiments show that the superiority of the proposed method than existing information geometry detectors and typical detection methods. Moreover, the experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method possesses the great advantage in slow moving target detection when the target Doppler closes to the peak of the clutter spectrum.关键词：radar target detection;information geometry detector;feature manifold;joint optimization;feature optimization;metric optimization20|24|0更新时间：2025-12-11
- 摘要：Ramanujan Fourier mode decomposition uses scanning from low frequency to high frequency to obtain component signals, which is prone to excessive decomposition and information dispersion, resulting in decomposed components not having a single and complete mode information. To address the above issues, this paper proposes an adaptive concise empirical Ramanujan decomposition (ACERD) method. In the ACERD method, the power spectral density is used to obtain the split frequency band for accurate frequency band division. Meanwhile, the Ramanujan Fourier transform is used to extract the mode components corresponding to each segmented frequency band, improve the recognition ability of periodic components, and obtain mode components with a single periodic feature information. The analysis results of composite fault simulation signals and measured signals indicate that the ACERD method has excellent capability of frequency band segmentation and periodic pulse feature extraction, which is suitable for compound fault diagnosis.关键词：adaptive concise empirical Ramanujan decomposition;power spectral density;Ramanujan Fourier transform;composite fault134|34|0更新时间：2025-12-11
- 摘要：To solve the problem that the existing active contour models (ACM) cannot accurately segment the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) water-land images, a new ACM based on the weighted hybrid signed pressure force is proposed. The median fitting center and mean fitting center are combined to establish a new hybrid signed pressure function, which can suppress the influence of interference edges. The adaptive weights based on the absolute median difference are designed to automatically adjust the coefficients of the inner and outer fitting centers, which can describe grayscale differences more reasonably. Moreover, the gradient information of the smoothed image is calculated to construct an edge guidance function and introduced into the SPF function to further improve segmentation performance and evolution efficiency. Segmentation experiments are conducted on real SAR images and the results show that compared with the related ACMs, the proposed model can perform accurate segmentation with high efficiency and stability, and the Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) is improved by at least 6%.关键词：water-land segmentation;SAR image;active contour model;hybrid SPF function;absolute median difference18|36|0更新时间：2025-12-11
- 摘要：In foggy or hazy weather, the scattering of light by atmospheric particles weaken the details of optical images, which affects the subsequent image analysis and processing tasks seriously. The existing dehazing algorithms have problems such as the loss of image information, blurring and excessive enhancement of the sky after dehazing. Starting from the perspective of polarization and dark channel prior theory, this article proposes a target polarization degree estimation algorithm using the gradient feature of the direct transmission light intensity as guidance for image dehazing. The polarization information of scene and atmosphere are obtained from polarized images. Then, guided by the gradient feature of the direct transmission light intensity which is estimated by dark channel prior algorithm, the target polarization degree is estimated. The estimated target polarization degree is converted into atmospheric light intensity, and the optimized atmospheric light intensity is obtained after theoretical constrainting and guided filtering atmospheric light intensity, then the optimized target polarization degree and image after dehazing are solved. Qualitative experiments show that the image dehazed by the proposed algorithm has good smoothness and overcomes the problems of existing dehazing algorithms, such as low visibility, dehazing residue and excessive enhancement of the sky. Quantitative experiments show that the proposed algorithm neither causes the loss of image information, nor generates excessive noise or blurs. The comparison with nine representative dehazing algorithms shows that our proposed algorithm has good ability of restoring details, improving image entropy, and enhancing the degree of tonal restoration.关键词：image processing;image dehazing;polarization images;dark channel prior;polarization degree estimation21|28|1更新时间：2025-12-11
- 摘要：Quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is an algorithm framework for solving combinatorial optimization problems. It is regarded as one of the promising candidates to demonstrate the advantages of quantum computing in the near future. Within the QAOA framework, the symmetries of quantum states induced by the binary encoding scheme restrain the performance of QAOA. Inspired by the Dicke state preparation algorithm, we proposed a new encoding scheme that eliminated the symmetry of quantum states representing solutions. Beyond that, we also proposed a novel evolution operator, star graph (SG) mixer, and its corresponding SG algorithm. The quantum circuit implementation of the SG algorithm on IBM Q showed the SG algorithm has an average performance improvement of about 25.3% over the standard QAOA algorithm in solving the graph partitioning problem.关键词：quantum approximate optimization algorithm;combinatorial optimization;star graph mixer;star graph algorithm;graph partitioning38|23|0更新时间：2025-12-11
- 摘要：The trade-off between spatial and temporal resolution of satellite images leads to spatial and temporal contradictions in image sequences. Spatiotemporal image fusion provides a solution to generate high spatial resolution and high temporal resolution images to satisfy various earth observation applications. The spatiotemporal fusion algorithm based on sparse representation establishes the relationship between high and low spatial resolution images by jointly training the dictionary and sparse coding representation, which provides a unified fusion framework for phenological change and type change. However, the multi-source remote sensing images come from different sensors, and the relationship model between high and low spatial resolution images implies the sensor mapping. This inevitably leads to that the model is device dependent. To solve the problem, we decompose the multi-source remote sensing spatiotemporal fusion process into two sub-problems, device dependent sensor bias correction and device independent spatiotemporal fusion. The sensor bias correction can be used as a preprocessing module to improve the universality and accuracy of subsequent fusion models. When there are large space scale gaps between high and low spatial resolution image, the assumption that “the sparse coefficients of high and low spatial resolution images are the same” will bring about very significant fusion errors. To solve the problem, we optimize the objective function of sparse representation using cross-scale similarity prior. Intermediate-scale images are constructed to reduce ambiguity of cross-scale similar patches and improve the accuracy of cross-scale similar patches. Experimental results in three typical scenarios demonstrate the generalization ability of our algorithm. The contrastive experiments show that on the BOREAS dataset, compared to suboptimal indicators, SSIM (Structural SIMilarity) is improved by 4.2%, SAM (Spectral Angle Mapper) is increased by 4.6%; On the CIA dataset, compared to suboptimal indicators, SSIM is increased by 2.7%, and SAM is increased by 12.8%; On the LGC dataset, compared to suboptimal indicators, SSIM is increased by 7.1%, and SAM is increased by 16.3%. Our algorithm is superior to other compared methods in spatial and spectral performance.关键词：remote sensing;spatiotemporal fusion;sparse representation;cross-scale similarity15|29|0更新时间：2025-12-11
- 摘要：Microvascular invasion (MVI) is an important factor for early recurrence and poor long-term prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after resection or transplantation. Therefore, it is of great clinical value to evaluate whether MVI exists in patients with HCC before operation. In recent years, deep learning has provided a valuable solution for MVI image diagnosis and evaluation. Nevertheless, due to the difficulties of data annotation and collection, the current researches mostly use computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methods to collect single modal sequences in images independently, which lacks the comprehensive application of multimodal sequences in various imaging methods. In order to make more effective use of multimodal data of CT and MRI images and improve diagnosis efficiency under few-shot scenarios, an efficient multimodal montribution aware network is proposed in this paper. The modality grouping convolution and efficient multimodal adaptive weighting module in this network are used to to learn the diagnostic contribution of each modal information of CT or MRI under complex and diverse MVI representation with little computational cost introduced. The experiment is carried out on the clinical dataset collected by the third-class hospital. Result show that with the support of a small amount of labeled data,our method can achieve better MVI diagnostic performance than many deep neural networks based on attention mechanism,which provides an effective reference for professional doctors’ diagnostic analysis.关键词：microvascular invasion evaluation;multimodal fusion;efficient multimodal contribution aware;modality grouping convolution;efficient multimodal adaptive weighting15|23|0更新时间：2025-12-11
- 摘要：In this paper, a dual-band metasurface absorber (MSA) based on nonlinear circuits that can selectively absorb pulse wave in the same frequencies is proposed. The unit-cell of the designed dual-band MSA consists of two metal square-ring shaped resonators with the same shape but different wire width, the middle dielectric layer and the metal ground plane. The simulation results show that the absorptance of the dual-band MSA increases firstly and then decreases with the increase of the input power at －20~10 dBm. When the power is at －5 dBm, the absorptance of the designed dual-band MSA of the pulse wave reaches 97% and 92% at 3.2 GHz and 4.1 GHz, respectively, and that of the continuous wave is only 28% and 39%. In addition, the absorptance of the MSA decreases with the increase of pulse width. Further, simulated results indicate that the dual-band MSA can absorb more than 70% of pulse wave with an input power of －5 dBm at a wide incident angle of 0°~60° for both TE and TM mode. The effects of resistance, capacitance on the absorptance of the nonlinear circuit MSA for the incident pulse and continuous wave are also studied. The proposed dual-band waveform selective MSA shows a potential prospect in the fields of wireless communication and anti-electromagnetic interference.关键词：metasurface;nonlinearity;waveform selectivity;dual-band;pulse wave;Continuous wave28|28|0更新时间：2025-12-11
- 摘要：An all-fiber few-mode erbium-doped amplifier was built to compare the effects of different pump modes and different pump directions on the gain characteristics of the three signal modes, LP01, LP11a, and LP11b. The experimental results show that the amplifier has the best performance under forward LP11 pumping. The signal gain is more than 20 dB, the differential modal gain (DMG) is less than 0.9 dB and the noise figure is less than 9.6 dB in the whole C band. At a signal input power of -10 dBm/mode, the gain of all three signal modes at 1 550 nm exceeds 20.8 dB, the DMG is as low as 0.3 dB, the noise figure of LP01 signaling light is lower than 6.2 dB, and the noise figure of LP11 signaling light is lower than 9.6 dB. Comparing the different pumping directions under the four pumping schemes, it can be found that the noise figure of the forward-pumped amplifier is the smallest, but the gains of the three signal modes are also smaller, while the gain of the higher-order signal modes is increased by using the backward-pumped one, but the noise figure will also become larger. Comparing the pumping modes, it can be found that compared with the LP01 pumping, the LP11 pumping can significantly increase the gain of the LP11 signaling light, and has less effect on the gain of the LP01 signaling light, which can reduce the DMG value.关键词：mode division multiplexing;erbium-doped fiber;all-fiber amplifier;gain equalization;noise figure16|25|0更新时间：2025-12-11
- 摘要：To solve the large fluctuation problem of signal-to-noise ratio of optical signals on the received plane in the indoor visible light communication system and improve the overall performance of the visible light communication system, a light source power optimization algorithm for the visible light communication system based on the swarm optimization algorithm — fireworks algorithm is proposed. The algorithm takes the signal-to-noise ratio factor of the wireless light-receiving plane as the optimization goal, optimizes the transmit power of each LED (Light Emitting Diode) light source, obtains the optimal signal-to-noise ratio factor on the receiving plane, and effectively reduces the optical signal fluctuation of the light-receiving plane. The results show that when the number of light sources is 16 point light sources, the signal-to-noise ratio factor on the receiving plane is reduced by 45% compared with the equal power light sources, which significantly improves the fluctuation amplitude of the received optical signal, thereby ensuring that the optical communication users at different positions can obtain the same communication quality. This method is suitable for any number and position of LED light sources, and is not limited by the number and positions of light sources. The comparative analysis shows that the signal-to-noise ratio factor of the receiving plane is smaller and the uniformity of the signal-to-noise ratio distribution is better with the increase of the number of light sources.关键词：visible light communication;fireworks algorithm;swarm optimization algorithm;power optimization of light sources;signal-to-noise ratio factor19|28|1更新时间：2025-12-11
- 摘要：A convex-optimum localization algorithm based on semidefinite relaxation is proposed for moving target localization from time delay, Doppler shift and angle of arrival measurements in distributed multiple-input multiple-output radar. This algorithm alleviates the threshold effect that the positioning error deviates from the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) when the measurement error is large. First, the localization problem is formulated as a maximum likelihood estimation problem, which is reformulated as a weighted least squares problem with constraints by introducing auxiliary variables and then a convex semidefinite programming (SDP) problem by performing semidefinite relaxation. The SDP problem is solved efficiently by using the interior-point method to obtain the target position and velocity estimates. Since the local optimal solution of the convex optimization problem is the global optimal solution, the proposed algorithm has good global convergence. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm approaches the CRLB, and achieves higher localization accuracy and robustness than existing algorithms at relatively large measurement noise levels.关键词：Distributed MIMO radar;Angle of arrival;time delay;Doppler shift;Semidefinite relaxation30|35|1更新时间：2025-12-11
- 摘要：Frequency diversity array (FDA) radar was proposed by Antonik and Wicks in 2006. Since there is a frequency offset between each adjacent antenna of FDA radar, there exists two-dimensional dependence on range and angle in the transmitting array. For bistatic FDA-multiple input multiple output (MIMO) radar, direction of departure (DOD)- direction of arrival (DOA)-range information is coupled in the transmitting steering vector. How to decouple the three information has become the focus of research. In this paper, aiming at the problem of target parameter estimation of bistatic FDA-MIMO radar, a reduced-dimension multiple signal classification (RD-MUSIC) parameter estimation algorithm based on tensor framework is proposed. Firstly, in order to decouple the DOD and range information in the transmitting array, it is necessary to divide the transmitting array into subarrays. Then the signal subspace is obtained by high-order-singular value decomposition, and the two-dimensional spatial spectral function is constructed. Secondly, the dimension of spatial spectrum is reduced by Lagrange algorithm, so that it is only related to DOA, and the DOA estimation is obtained. Then the frequency increment between subarrays is used to decouple the DOD and range information, and eliminate the phase ambiguity at the same time. Finally, the DOD and range estimation automatically matched with DOA estimation are obtained. The proposed algorithm uses the multidimensional structure of high-dimensional data to improve the estimation accuracy. Meanwhile, the proposed RD-MUSIC algorithm can effectively reduce the computational complexity. Numerical experiments show the superiority of the proposed algorithm.关键词：bistatic FDA-MIMO radar;tensor;HOSVD;DOD-DOA-range estimation;RD-MUSIC;subarray partition23|27|0更新时间：2025-12-11
- 摘要：Due to the irregular deformation of target in the tracking process, it is unable to accurately estimate the target scale, while using the scale model with fixed aspect ratio. In this paper, we propose an aspect-ratio-based correlation filtering tracking algorithm to address this problem. Based on the fDSST (fast Discriminative Scale Space Tracking) algorithm, first train and learn an aspect-ration model to update the aspect ratio of the target, which could help to obtain a more accurate target scale. On this basis, this paper designs a smoothing correction scheme and an adaptive learning rate mechanism to alleviate the model drift and achieve more accurate tracking. The results of comparative experiments on OTB100, VOT2016 and VOT2018 datasets show that the proposed algorithm improves the performance of the baseline algorithm. Especially, the overall precision and success rate of the proposed algorithm on OTB100 are 9.6% and 6.2% higher than those of fDSST.关键词：object tracking;correlation filter;aspect ratio;scale estimation;smoothing correction;adaptive learning rate30|28|0更新时间：2025-12-11
- 摘要：This paper proposes a pseudo third-order discrete-time delta-sigma modulator to address the bottleneck of high resolution and low power consumption in Internet of Things (IoT) sensors. This architecture embeds a first-order passive noise-shaping SAR (Successive Approximation Register) quantizer into a conventional second-order delta-sigma modulator to achieve stronger noise-shaping capabilities. This allows the system to achieve higher peak SQNR (Signal-to-Quantizing Noise Ratio) at lower OSR (Over Sampling Ratio), effectively mitigating the design trade-off between system accuracy and power consumption, while reducing the use of active integrators. In response to the high power consumption of traditional active adders and the attenuation uncertainty of passive adders, this paper proposes a novel feedforward sum quantization circuit. It has the advantage of being insensitive to attenuation and reduces the driving pressure of the second stage active integrator, which further reduces the power consumption of the system. The proposed delta-sigma modulator is manufactured and tested using a 180 nm CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) process. At a power supply voltage of 1.4 V, the tested power consumption of the chip is 47.2 μW. With a bandwidth of 8 kHz, the DR (Dynamic Range), peak SNDR (Signal-to-Noise and Distortion Ratio), and SFDR (Spurious-Free Dynamic Range) of the modulator are 97.2 dB, 96.6 dB, and 114.4 dB, respectively. Therefore, figure-of-merit (FoM) Schreier and Walden for SNDR are 178.9 dB and 0.053 pJ/step. The pseudo third-order delta-sigma modulator proposed in this article achieves a good balance between power consumption and resolution, providing a good solution for low-power and high-resolution modulator design in the field of the IoTs.关键词：Internet of Things;Delta-Sigma modulator;low power;high resolution12|25|0更新时间：2025-12-11
- 摘要：The performance of existing sampling rate offset (SRO) estimation algorithms can be degraded significantly in low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions. To address this problem, we propose the frequency-sliding double-cross correlation processing (FS-DXCP) algorithm based on the subband secondary generalized cross-correlation function to estimate SRO. The proposed algorithm adopts a frequency-domain sliding window to construct the subband SGCC function matrix of the sensor signals. Then, by utilizing the singular value decomposition (SVD), we adaptively mitigate the influence of low SNR frequency bins on estimating secondary generalized cross-correlation functions. Finally, a higher precision SRO estimation is achieved by tracking the maximum point of the estimated SGCC function. Computer simulations show that the root mean squared error of the proposed method for sampling rate offset is 4.21 ppm when the SNR is -5 dB, which is about 8.17 ppm lower than that of the double-cross correlation processing with phase transform (DXCP-PHAT) algorithm. The proposed algorithm effectively improves the estimation accuracy of the SRO in low SNR conditions.关键词：Wireless acoustic sensor networks;Sampling-rate offset estimation;Sub-band processing30|30|0更新时间：2025-12-11
- 摘要：In any-to-any voice conversion, the encoder was usually utilized to disentangle the same speaker’s speech and then the decoder was used for self-reconstruction in the training phase, but the decoder in the conversion phase coupled the content information of source speech and the personality characteristics of target speech. Therefore, there existed performance mismatch between the decoder in the conversion phase and the training phase, which deteriorated the performance of voice conversion. This paper proposed a voice conversion method named DERS-VC (Double Exchange Representation Separation Voice Conversion) using double exchange representation separation. In self-reconstruction process of the training phase, the proposed method applied the speech of the same speaker to simulate the voice of different target speakers for self-supervised training. Meanwhile, the conversion invariance loss and the cycle consistency loss were introduced, and the cycle process of separation was conducted by double exchange representation separation to make the self-reconstructed speech closer to the original speech. The experimental results demonstrated that DERS-VC had an average reduction of 4.03% in MCD (Mel-Cepstral Distortion), and had an increment of 3.62% in MOS (Mean Opinion Score), compared with the AGAIN-VC (Activation Guidance and Adaptive Instance Normalization Voice Conversion) method, and the quality and similarity of converted speech both had been improved. This shows that the method of double exchange representation separation can decrease the mismatch of the decoder and improve the performance of any-to-any voice conversion.关键词：voice conversion;any-to-any;double exchange;representation separation15|33|0更新时间：2025-12-11
PAPERS
- 摘要：经国家科学技术奖励工作办公室批准,中国电子学会科学技术奖于2002年设立,主要奖励在电子信息领域科学研究、技术创新与开发、科技成果推广应用和实现产业化方面、以及在科学普及工作取得卓著成绩或者做出突出贡献的个人和集体。为展示电子信息领域的新理论、新思想、新技术,中国电子学会在旗舰期刊《电子学报》组织出版“中国电子学会科学技术奖特约专栏”,邀请中国电子学会科学技术奖一等奖第一完成人以第一作者或通讯作者的身份投稿。本次专栏为2022年获奖人投稿,共12篇文章,内容涵盖通信、雷达、计算机网络与存储、机器视觉等多个领域。4|4|0更新时间：2025-12-11
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Research Progress of Two-Dimensional Electrical Conductivity and Field Effect Transistors of Diamond
摘要：Diamond surface-channel field-effect transistor utilizes two-dimensional hole gas (2DHG) on the hydrogen-terminated diamond surface as the channel to realize the control on output current by input voltage, and it is the mainstream structure of diamond electronic devices. The 2DHG conductivity has a large range of controllable sheet density and a high saturation drift velocity. This paper reviewed the research progress of diamond field-effect transistors in DC, frequency, and power characteristics, and revealed that low mobility is the main limiting factor for the development of diamond-based low-power high-speed digital circuits, high-frequency devices, and high-power microwave devices. It summarized the theoretical and experimental research of a new doping mechanism similar to modulation doping that emerged for the diamond surface conductivity recently. At room temperature the 2DHG Hall mobility has increased to 680 cm2/Vs, and the relevant square resistance has decreased from about 10 kΩ/sq to 1.4 kΩ/sq, which is expected to cause a great improvement in the performance of diamond field-effect transistors.关键词：diamond;hydrogen-terminated;field-effect transistor;two-dimensional hole gas30|29|0更新时间：2025-12-24
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