The complex environment is an important factor to restrict the radar performance,especially the airborne radar.It is also a key problem to be considered in the design of communication systems.The distribution characteristics of atomspheric structure in the troposphere with time and zones in China are analyzed.The evolution features of the surfaces of the terrain and sea with space and time are described with the fractal theory of nonlinear dynamics,and propagation effects of different atmospheric sections and rough surfaces of the terrain and sea are studied with the Fourier split-step method to solve the parabolic equation.