can usually improve greatly the performance of differential evolution
however
how to set is nuisance.Two differential evolutions without scale factor
F
are presented in the paper.The algorithms look upon each individuals as a charged particle and utilize the attraction-repulsion mechanism of the particles to decide on the step length of the motion of the individual in the direction of the difference for the purpose of avoiding the setting of the scale factor
F
.The comparisons of numerical experiments among the proposed algorithms
two PSO algorithms and four other algorithms with the different setting strategies are done
which show that the performance of the proposed algorithms outperform other compared algorithms.