Simulation Research on the Microscopic Characteristics of Vacuum Discharge Based on Spark Test Device

WANG Dang-shu; LUAN Zhe-zhe; GU Dong-ming; LIU Shu-lin; DONG Zhen; WANG Xin-xia

doi:10.12263/DZXB.20200820

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Simulation Research on the Microscopic Characteristics of Vacuum Discharge Based on Spark Test Device

PAPERS | 更新时间：2025-12-08

- Simulation Research on the Microscopic Characteristics of Vacuum Discharge Based on Spark Test Device
- ACTA ELECTRONICA SINICA Vol. 49, Issue 12, Pages: 2449-2457(2021)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.西安科技大学电气与控制工程学院，陕西西安 710054
  2.西安科技大学理学院，陕西西安 710054
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20200820
  CLC： O462
- Received：01 August 2020，
  
  Revised：2021-07-19，
  
  Published：25 December 2021
- 稿件说明：
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王党树,栾哲哲,古东明等.基于火花试验装置的真空放电微观特性模拟研究[J].电子学报,2021,49(12):2449-2457.

WANG Dang-shu,LUAN Zhe-zhe,GU Dong-ming,et al.Simulation Research on the Microscopic Characteristics of Vacuum Discharge Based on Spark Test Device[J].ACTA ELECTRONICA SINICA,2021,49(12):2449-2457.
王党树,栾哲哲,古东明等.基于火花试验装置的真空放电微观特性模拟研究[J].电子学报,2021,49(12):2449-2457. DOI： 10.12263/DZXB.20200820.

WANG Dang-shu,LUAN Zhe-zhe,GU Dong-ming,et al.Simulation Research on the Microscopic Characteristics of Vacuum Discharge Based on Spark Test Device[J].ACTA ELECTRONICA SINICA,2021,49(12):2449-2457. DOI： 10.12263/DZXB.20200820.

摘要

为了研究火花试验装置中电极在真空中放电的微观特性，本文建立了在真空环境下，以钨为阳极材料、镉为阴极材料的二维平行板放电模型.采用PIC/MCC(Particle-In-Cell

Monte Carlo Collision)方法对该模型进行仿真，研究了不同电子发射机制下平行板电极放电的发展过程以及空间场强、阴极表面温度和场增强因子对空间电子变化的影响，得到在场致发射、热发射以及热-场致发射作用下放电过程中的电子浓度和阳极吸收电流的变化以及电子密度和电势的空间分布等.研究发现，场致发射是微间隙阴极电子发射的主导发射机制，当阴极表面温度在焦耳热的作用下达到镉金属的沸点1040K时将产生镉蒸汽，电流密度和电子浓度逐渐增大，此时热发射将开始作用于微间隙放电；当温度大于镉金属气化温度后，场强的影响将大于温度的影响；当场增强因子很小时，热发射几乎不起作用，随着场增强因子不断增大，热发射的作用逐渐增强，导致空间电子浓度明显增加，真空环境下微间隙放电是由热-场共同作用的.

Abstract

In order to study the micro-characteristics of the electrode discharge in the spark test device in vacuum

this paper established a two-dimensional parallel plate discharge model in a vacuum environment with tungsten as the anode material and cadmium as the cathode material. We simulate the model with the PIC/MCC(Particle-In-Cell/Monte Carlo Collision) method

studies the development process of parallel plate electrode discharge under different electron emission mechanisms and the influence of space field strength

cathode surface temperature and field enhancement factor on the changes of space electrons

and obtains the field emission

thermal emission and thermal-field emission changes in the electron concentration and anode absorption current during the discharge process

as well as the spatial distribution of the electron density and electric potential

etc. The research has found that field emission is the dominant emission mechanism of micro-gap cathode electron emission. When the cathode surface temperature reaches 1040K

the boiling point of cadmium metal under the action of Joule heat

cadmium vapor will be generated

and the current density and electron concentration will gradually increase. At this time

the thermal emission will start to act on the micro-gap discharge. When the temperature is greater than the vaporization temperature of cadmium metal

the influence of the field strength will be greater than that of the temperature. When the field enhancement factor is very small

the thermal emission is almost ineffective. As the field enhancement factor continues to increase

the effect of thermal emission gradually increases

leading to a significant increase in the spatial electron concentration. The micro-gap discharge in a vacuum environment is caused by the combined effect of heat and field.

关键词

Keywords

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