A Direct Position Determination Method of TDOA Based on Multi-Frequency Focusing and Fusion for Coherent Radiation Sources

LI Jian-feng; ZHU Ke-hui; JIANG Hang; ZHANG Xiao-fei; WU Qi-hui

doi:10.12263/DZXB.20230170

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A Direct Position Determination Method of TDOA Based on Multi-Frequency Focusing and Fusion for Coherent Radiation Sources

PAPERS | 更新时间：2025-12-08

- A Direct Position Determination Method of TDOA Based on Multi-Frequency Focusing and Fusion for Coherent Radiation Sources
- ACTA ELECTRONICA SINICA Vol. 51, Issue 8, Pages: 2110-2117(2023)
- 作者机构：
  
  南京航空航天大学电子信息工程学院，江苏南京 211106
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  China University Industry, University and Research Innovation Fund(2021ZYA0301);National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFB1807602;2020YFB1807604)
- DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20230170
  CLC： TN911.7
- Received：28 February 2023，
  
  Revised：2023-05-09，
  
  Published：25 August 2023
- 稿件说明：
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李建峰,朱珂慧,江航等.基于多频率聚焦与融合的相干辐射源时差直接定位方法[J].电子学报,2023,51(08):2110-2117.

LI Jian-feng,ZHU Ke-hui,JIANG Hang,et al.A Direct Position Determination Method of TDOA Based on Multi-Frequency Focusing and Fusion for Coherent Radiation Sources[J].ACTA ELECTRONICA SINICA,2023,51(08):2110-2117.
李建峰,朱珂慧,江航等.基于多频率聚焦与融合的相干辐射源时差直接定位方法[J].电子学报,2023,51(08):2110-2117. DOI： 10.12263/DZXB.20230170.

LI Jian-feng,ZHU Ke-hui,JIANG Hang,et al.A Direct Position Determination Method of TDOA Based on Multi-Frequency Focusing and Fusion for Coherent Radiation Sources[J].ACTA ELECTRONICA SINICA,2023,51(08):2110-2117. DOI： 10.12263/DZXB.20230170.

摘要

为了提升分布式传感器场景下对于宽带辐射源的定位效果，本文提出了一种基于到达时间差（Time Difference Of Arrival，TDOA）的多频率聚焦与融合的相干辐射源直接定位（Direct Position Determination，DPD）方法.首先，对衰减系数未知的传感器时域接收信号进行预处理，进行数据分段和频域变换，将宽带信号转化成若干个多快拍窄带频域信号；其次，根据最佳聚焦矩阵构造准则，构造聚焦矩阵，将各频率对应的信号聚焦到中心频率附近频谱能量最大的聚焦频率，得到聚焦后的接收数据；然后，根据子空间正交性建立关于辐射源位置的最小化代价函数，融合多个聚焦后的代价函数解决衰减系数未知的问题；最后，结合拉格朗日乘子法，通过网格点上代价函数值的谱峰搜索得到宽带辐射源的估计位置.所提方法可以在衰减系数未知的情况下实现相干辐射源的高精度定位，仿真和实际测试结果表明本文所提方法的有效性，在信噪比大于0 dB的四节点多径定位场景中，所提方法的定位性能较其他时差直接定位性能提升了30%以上.

Abstract

In order to improve the positioning performance of wideband emitters in distributed sensor scenarios

this paper proposes a multi-frequency focusing and fusion direct position determination (DPD) method based on time difference of arrival (TDOA) for coherent sources. Firstly

the time domain received data of the sensors with unknown attenuation coefficients are preprocessed; data segmentation and frequency domain transform are performed; and the wideband data are converted into several multiple-snapshot narrowband frequency domain data. Secondly

according to the construction criteria of the optimal focus matrix

the focus matrix is constructed

and the signals corresponding to each frequency are focused to the focus frequency with the largest spectral energy near the center frequency to obtain the received data after focusing. Then

according to the subspace orthogonality

the minimized cost function of the emitter is established

and the problem of unknown attenuation coefficients is solved by fusing multiple focused cost functions. Finally

combined with the Lagrange multiplier method

the estimated position of the wideband emitter is obtained through the spectral peak search of the cost function values on the grid points. The proposed method can achieve high accuracy positioning under the condition of unknown attenuation coefficients. Simulation and real-world test results show the effectiveness of the proposed method. In four node multipath localization scenarios with a signal-to-noise ratio greater than 0 dB

the proposed method improves the positioning performance by more than 30% compared to other TDOA-based DPD methods.

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