Millimeter-Wave-Assisted Airborne Laser Communications

GUO Wei-ran; ZHANG Shu-zhe; WEI Meng; WU Wen-zhou

doi:10.12263/DZXB.20240947

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Millimeter-Wave-Assisted Airborne Laser Communications

PAPERS | 更新时间：2025-12-27

- Millimeter-Wave-Assisted Airborne Laser Communications
- ACTA ELECTRONICA SINICA Vol. 53, Issue 8, Pages: 2985-2992(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.中国电子科技集团公司第28研究所，江苏南京 210007
  2.哈尔滨工业大学，黑龙江哈尔滨 150001
  3.中国电子科技集团公司第54研究所，河北石家庄 050081
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20240947
  CLC： TN928;TN929
- Received：17 October 2024，
  
  Accepted：24 June 2025，
  
  Published：25 August 2025
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
郭伟然, 张书哲, 魏萌, 等. 毫米波辅助机载激光通信[J]. 电子学报, 2025, 53(08): 2985-2992.

GUO Wei-ran, ZHANG Shu-zhe, WEI Meng, et al. Millimeter-Wave-Assisted Airborne Laser Communications[J]. Acta Electronica Sinica, 2025, 53(08): 2985-2992.
郭伟然, 张书哲, 魏萌, 等. 毫米波辅助机载激光通信[J]. 电子学报, 2025, 53(08): 2985-2992. DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20240947

GUO Wei-ran, ZHANG Shu-zhe, WEI Meng, et al. Millimeter-Wave-Assisted Airborne Laser Communications[J]. Acta Electronica Sinica, 2025, 53(08): 2985-2992. DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20240947

摘要

本文研究在无法稳定获取卫星导航信号的场景中，快速精准建立机载激光通信链路的方法.相比于空间激光通信，机载激光通信面临平台移动性更强，振动情况更复杂，以及大气损耗更多等不利因素.因此机载激光通信的瞄准、捕获与跟踪策略与技术有待进一步完善.针对上述问题，本文构建毫米波与激光相结合的机载通信系统，研究基于卡尔曼滤波原理，将毫米波阵面获取的测距、测角信息与平台的飞行状态信息相结合，提升位置估计精度，辅助快速建立机载激光通信链路的方法.首先，根据平台的飞行状态，建立飞行器沿等角航线的运动模型.接着，根据毫米波阵面测距、测角原理建立测量模型.而后，针对运动模型和测量模型的非线性特征，采用无迹变换生成采样点和权值，避免了扩展卡尔曼滤波中雅可比矩阵的复杂形式.最后，获取目标飞行器位置估计的均值和方差.仿真结果表明，本文提出的目标飞行器位置估计方法的误差显著低于毫米波的测量误差.位置估计误差被有效控制在激光通信终端快速捕获所需的范围之内，满足了机载激光链路建立并维持稳定的要求.综上所述，本文提出的毫米波辅助机载激光通信方法，能够在卫星导航信号受限的条件下，为机载平台间快速可靠建立激光通信链路提供技术支撑，在机间宽带组网、灾区应急中继、航空器编队协同等领域具备应用前景.

Abstract

In this paper

we investigate methods for rapidly and accurately establishing airborne laser communication links in scenarios where stable satellite navigation signals are unavailable. Compared to space laser communication

airborne laser communication faces more challenging factors such as higher platform mobility

more complex vibrations

and greater atmospheric losses. Consequently

the strategies and technologies for acquisition

pointing

and tracking in airborne laser communication require further refinement. To address the above issues

this paper constructs an airborne communication system that integrates millimeter-wave and laser technologies. It explores a method based on the Kalman filter principle

combining ranging and angle measurement information obtained from the millimeter-wave planar array with the platform’s flight state information to improve the accuracy of estimating the position and facilitate the rapid establishment of airborne laser communication links. First

based on the platform’s flight state

a motion model of the aircraft following a rhumb line is established. Next

a measurement model is developed according to the principles of millimeter-wave planar array ranging and angle measurement. Then

to address the nonlinear characteristics of the motion and measurement models

the unscented transformation is employed to generate sample points and weights

avoiding the complicated Jacobian matrix form used in the extended Kalman filter. Finally

the mean and variance of the target aircraft’s position estimation are obtained. Simulation results show that the target aircraft position estimation method proposed in this paper has significantly lower errors than those of the millimeter-wave measurement. The position estimation error is effectively controlled within the range required for rapid acquisition by the laser communication terminal

meeting the demands for establishing and maintaining stable airborne laser links. In summary

the millimeter-wave-assisted airborne laser communication method proposed in this paper can provide technical support for rapidly and reliably establishing laser communication links between airborne platforms under conditions of unstable satellite navigation signals. It has promising application prospects in areas such as inter-aircraft broadband networking

disaster area emergency communication relay

and formation flying coordination.

关键词

Keywords

references

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