Resource Allocation for Mutualistic Symbiotic Radio with Hybrid Long-Short Packets Transmissions

SHI Liqin; GAO Xuli; SONG Xi; YE Yinghui; LU Guangyue

doi:10.12263/DZXB.20250605

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Resource Allocation for Mutualistic Symbiotic Radio with Hybrid Long-Short Packets Transmissions

PAPERS | 更新时间：2026-05-28

- Resource Allocation for Mutualistic Symbiotic Radio with Hybrid Long-Short Packets Transmissions
- ACTA ELECTRONICA SINICA Vol. 54, Issue 2, Pages: 589-600(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.西安邮电大学陕西省信息通信网络及安全重点实验室，陕西西安 710121
  2.华北电力大学电气与电子工程学院，河北保定 071003
  3.国网甘肃省电力公司，甘肃兰州 730030
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  National Natural Science Foundation of China(62301421)
- DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20250605
  CLC： TN926;
- Received：09 July 2025，
  
  Accepted：10 February 2026，
  
  Published：25 February 2026
- 稿件说明：
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施丽琴, 高旭力, 宋曦, 等. 长短包混合传输的互惠共生无线电系统资源分配方法研究[J]. 电子学报, 2026, 54(02): 589-600.

SHI Liqin, GAO Xuli, SONG Xi, et al. Resource Allocation for Mutualistic Symbiotic Radio with Hybrid Long-Short Packets Transmissions[J]. Acta Electronica Sinica, 2026, 54(02): 589-600.
施丽琴, 高旭力, 宋曦, 等. 长短包混合传输的互惠共生无线电系统资源分配方法研究[J]. 电子学报, 2026, 54(02): 589-600. DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20250605

SHI Liqin, GAO Xuli, SONG Xi, et al. Resource Allocation for Mutualistic Symbiotic Radio with Hybrid Long-Short Packets Transmissions[J]. Acta Electronica Sinica, 2026, 54(02): 589-600. DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20250605

摘要

物联网（Internet of Things，IoT）旨在将物理世界映射到数字世界，借助无线通信技术实现人与人、人与物、物与物之间的泛在连接，是未来6G“万物智联”的关键技术之一。随着IoT技术在垂直行业的广泛应用，海量IoT节点以无线方式接入网络，加剧了频谱资源稀缺与IoT业务频谱需求日益增长之间的矛盾。另一方面，受制造成本与体积限制，IoT节点的电池容量十分有限，且难以频繁更换，使得能量受限问题尤为突出。目前，反向散射赋能的互惠共生无线电（Mutualistic Symbiotic Radio，MSR）已被业界公认为解决上述问题的频谱共享携能新范式，其核心是允许IoT节点与环境中的主系统发射机（Primary System Transmitter，PST）共享频谱与能量资源。在MSR网络中，IoT节点以PST信号作为反向散射通信的载体与能量来源，不仅通过信号复用实现被动信息反射，还可利用能量收集技术补充自身能量，有效缓解能量受限难题。与此同时，合作接收机（Cooperative Receiver，CR）利用IoT节点反射信号中包含PST符号信息这一特征，结合主次链路调制速率的差异，将反射信号转化为有益多径分量，从而提升PST通信容量，最终实现主次链路互惠共生。考虑到PST通常传输块长无限的长包数据，而IoT节点通常采用短包来承载低数据量业务，本文考虑了PST长包通信、多个IoT节点短包通信（Short Packet Communication，SPC）的MSR网络，并面向该网络研究PST发射功率最小化资源分配方案。具体而言，考虑到IoT节点SPC的误包率会对主链路传输性能产生直接影响，本文理论推导了主链路传输速率的下界解析表达式。在此基础上，在每个IoT节点的服务质量、能量因果性以及保障主链路吞吐量增益等约束下，建立一个以最小化PST发射功率为目标的优化问题。为了求解所建立的非凸优化问题，本文提出一种基于二分法与块坐标下降（Block Coordinate Descent，BCD）的混合优化算法。具体地，采用二分法迭代更新PST发射功率来简化原问题，通过收缩可行域来求解原问题。在每次迭代中，根据固定PST发射功率，利用BCD方法将简化后的问题进一步解耦为两个独立的子问题，通过交替迭代求解子问题实现原问题的近似最优解。仿真结果表明所提算法具备快速收敛性，且验证了所提方案在降低PST发射功率方面的性能优势。

Abstract

The internet of things (IoT) aims to map the physical world into the digital world and enable ubiquitous connectivity among people

as well as between people and devices

and among devices themselves through wireless communication technologies. As one of the key enablers of the 6G vision of intelligent connection of everything

IoT has been widely adopted across various vertical industries. However

the massive access of IoT nodes has exacerbated the inherent contradiction between the scarcity of available spectrum resources and the surging demand for spectrum from IoT services. On the other hand

constrained by manufacturing costs and physical size

IoT nodes are typically equipped with limited battery capacity and are not suitable for frequent battery replacement

making energy limitation a critical challenge. Recently

backscatter-aided mutualistic symbiotic radio (MSR) has been widely recognized as a promising spectrum- and energy-sharing paradigm to address these challenges. Its core idea is to allow IoT nodes to share both spectrum and energy resources with ambient primary system transmitter (PST). In an MSR network

IoT nodes utilize PST signals as the carrier and energy source for backscatter communication. They not only achieve passive information reflection through signal reuse but also harvest energy from incident radio frequency signals to replenish their energy supply

thereby effectively alleviating energy constraints. Meanwhile

by exploiting the fact that backscattered signals contain PST symbols and leveraging the difference in modulation rates between the primary and backscatter links

the cooperative receiver (CR) can convert the backscattered signals into beneficial multipath components to enhance the capacity of the primary link

thus realizing mutualism between the primary and secondary links. Considering that PSTs typically transmit long-packet data with infinite blocklength

while IoT nodes tend to use short packets for low-data-rate services

this paper investigates an MSR network that supports long-packet communication from a PST and short-packet communication (SPC) from multiple IoT nodes. A resource allocation scheme is studied to minimize the transmit power of the PST. Specifically

given that the error probability of SPC from IoT nodes directly affects the transmission performance of the primary link

a closed-form lower bound expression for the transmission rate of the primary link is derived. On this basis

an optimization problem is formulated to minimize the PST transmit power under the constraints of quality of service for each IoT node

energy causality

and guaranteed throughput gain of the primary link. To solve the formulated non-convex optimization problem

a hybrid optimization algorithm based on the bisection method and block coordinate descent (BCD) is proposed. Specifically

the bisection method is employed to iteratively update the PST transmit power and shrink the feasible region

thereby simplifying the original problem. In each iteration

with the PST transmit power fixed

the BCD method is applied to decouple the simplified problem into two independent subproblems. These subproblems are solved alternately to obtain an approximate optimal solution to the original problem. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm converges rapidly and verify the superiority of the proposed scheme in reducing the transmit power of the PST.

关键词

Keywords

references

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