Analysis and Optimization of the Sum Rate of ARIS-Assisted Multi-Antenna DF Relay Cooperative MU-MISO System

ZHANG Shun-wai; CUI Bo-yu

doi:10.12263/DZXB.20250611

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Analysis and Optimization of the Sum Rate of ARIS-Assisted Multi-Antenna DF Relay Cooperative MU-MISO System

PAPERS | 更新时间：2026-04-24

- Analysis and Optimization of the Sum Rate of ARIS-Assisted Multi-Antenna DF Relay Cooperative MU-MISO System
- ACTA ELECTRONICA SINICA Vol. 53, Issue 12, Pages: 4364-4375(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  南京邮电大学通信与信息工程学院，江苏南京 210003
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(20KJB510034);Natural Science Foundation of Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications(NY224129)
- DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20250611
  CLC： TN911;
- Received：09 July 2025，
  
  Accepted：05 December 2025，
  
  Published：25 December 2025
- 稿件说明：
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张顺外, 崔博宇. ARIS辅助的多天线DF中继协作MU-MISO系统的和速率分析与优化[J]. 电子学报, 2025, 53(12): 4364-4375.

ZHANG Shun-wai, CUI Bo-yu. Analysis and Optimization of the Sum Rate of ARIS-Assisted Multi-Antenna DF Relay Cooperative MU-MISO System[J]. Acta Electronica Sinica, 2025, 53(12): 4364-4375.
张顺外, 崔博宇. ARIS辅助的多天线DF中继协作MU-MISO系统的和速率分析与优化[J]. 电子学报, 2025, 53(12): 4364-4375. DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20250611

ZHANG Shun-wai, CUI Bo-yu. Analysis and Optimization of the Sum Rate of ARIS-Assisted Multi-Antenna DF Relay Cooperative MU-MISO System[J]. Acta Electronica Sinica, 2025, 53(12): 4364-4375. DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20250611

摘要

中继协作技术基本思想是单天线终端通过相互协作共享彼此的天线，形成虚拟多输入多输出（Multiple-Input Multiple-Output，MIMO）系统，是利用空间资源的一种有效途径.可重构智能超表面（Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces，RIS）技术利用信息超材料对无线电磁波的灵活调控能力，直接调控电磁波传播方向，可提供直达路径外辅助传输路径，在不引入自干扰情况下实现全双工传输，具有硬件成本低、能耗低、配置灵活、智能重构等优势.现有研究表明，RIS技术与传统中继技术两者之间不应仅是竞争关系，或者一方取代另一方，它们有类似功能但却有本质不同，两者之间完全有共存合作的必要与现实需求.有源主动式RIS（Active RIS，ARIS）技术与传统无源被动式RIS（Passive RIS，PRIS）不同，集成了主动元件可放大或处理信号，从而提供额外的功率控制和信号处理能力.为追求未来6G通信网络泛在连接、全域覆盖、绿色低碳、普惠智能等内在需求，进一步提升信息传输速率与增强信号覆盖范围，鉴于ARIS灵活的波束形成、整体功耗仍较低等优点，以及中继的稳定可靠性、已广泛部署等特点，本文结合ARIS与中继技术混合系统展开研究.建立ARIS辅助的多天线译码转发（Decode-and-Forward，DF）中继协作多用户多输入单输出（Multi-User Multiple-Input Single-Output，MU-MISO）系统模型，信源在半双工DF中继和ARIS的辅助下向多个单天线用户传输信息.为最大化系统的和速率，构建了信源发射波束形成矢量、中继发射波束形成矢量、中继接收波束形成矢量和ARIS有源波束形成矩阵的联合优化问题模型.由于波束形成变量之间高度耦合以及存在非凸约束使得原问题非凸且难于直接求解，利用交替优化（Alternating Optimization，AO）算法将原问题解耦成多个子问题，再通过连续凸近似（Sequential Convex Approximation，SCA）方法将其转换为半定规划（Semi-Definite Programming，SDP）问题求解.仿真结果表明，所提系统性能明显优于其他基准方案，如在ARIS元素数目为20时，所提系统的和速率比基准方案1、2、3、4分别提升约7.4%、11.2%、12.9%、8.4%.

Abstract

The fundamental idea of relay cooperative technology is to enable single-antenna terminals to share their antennas through cooperation

forming a virtual multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system

which is an effective way to utilize spatial resources. Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) technology leverages the flexible control capabilities of information metamaterials to directly manipulate the propagation direction of wireless electromagnetic waves. It can provide additional transmission paths beyond direct line-of-sight

enabling full-duplex transmission without introducing self-interference

while offering advantages such as low hardware cost

low energy consumption

flexible configuration

and intelligent reconfiguration. Existing research indicates that RIS and traditional relay should not merely compete or replace one another. Despite their similar functions

they are fundamentally different

and there is a clear necessity and practical demand for coexistence and cooperation between them. Active reconfigurable intelligent surface (ARIS) technology

unlike traditional passive RIS (PRIS)

incorporates active components capable of amplifying or processing signals

thereby providing additional power control and signal processing capabilities. To meet the inherent demands of future 6G communication network such as ubiquitous connectivity

full-coverage networks

green and low-carbon operations

and inclusive intelligence as well as to increase the transmission rate and extend the coverage

considering the advantages of ARIS such as flexible beamforming and signal regulation capabilities

low overall power consumption

and cost relative controllability

along with merits of traditional relays such as the stability

reliability

and widespread deployment

a hybrid system combining ARIS and relay technology is investigated. The ARIS-assisted multi-antenna decode-and-forward (DF) relay cooperative multi-user multiple-input single-output (MU-MISO) system model is established

where the base station (BS) transmits information to multiple single-antenna users with the assistance of both half-duplex DF relays and ARIS. To maximize the sum rate

a joint optimization problem of the source transmit beamforming vector

relay transmit beamforming vector

relay receive beamforming vector

and ARIS active beamforming matrix is formulated. Due to the coupling of optimization variables and the presence of non-convex constraints

the original joint problem is non-convex and difficult to be solved directly. Alternating optimization (AO) algorithm is utilized to decouple the original joint optimization problem into multiple subproblems

which are then converted into semi-definite programming (SDP) problems for solution via the sequential convex approximation (SCA) method. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed system significantly outperforms other existing benchmark schemes. For example

when the number of ARIS elements is 20

the sum rate of the proposed system can be improved by 7.4%

11.2%

12.9%

8.4% compared with the benchmark schemes 1

4 respectively.

关键词

Keywords

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