Review of Wood-Based Sensing and Energy Electronic Devices and Integrated Microsystems

ZENG Xu; HUANG Rui-lai; TU Cheng; ZHANG Yi; ZHANG Xiao-sheng

doi:10.12263/DZXB.20250623

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Review of Wood-Based Sensing and Energy Electronic Devices and Integrated Microsystems

SURVEYS AND REVIEWS | 更新时间：2025-12-27

- Review of Wood-Based Sensing and Energy Electronic Devices and Integrated Microsystems
- ACTA ELECTRONICA SINICA Vol. 53, Issue 9, Pages: 3433-3453(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  电子科技大学集成电路科学与工程学院，四川成都 611731
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3206100);National Natural Science Foundation of China(62074029;61905035;61971108;62004029;51905554);Central Guidance for Local Science and Technology Development Fund Projects(2024ZYD0166)
- DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20250623
  CLC： TN605;
- Received：14 July 2025，
  
  Accepted：23 September 2025，
  
  Published：25 September 2025
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
曾绪, 黄睿来, 涂程, 等. 木基感能电子器件及融合微系统研究综述[J]. 电子学报, 2025, 53(09): 3433-3453.

ZENG Xu, HUANG Rui-lai, TU Cheng, et al. Review of Wood-Based Sensing and Energy Electronic Devices and Integrated Microsystems[J]. Acta Electronica Sinica, 2025, 53(09): 3433-3453.
曾绪, 黄睿来, 涂程, 等. 木基感能电子器件及融合微系统研究综述[J]. 电子学报, 2025, 53(09): 3433-3453. DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20250623

ZENG Xu, HUANG Rui-lai, TU Cheng, et al. Review of Wood-Based Sensing and Energy Electronic Devices and Integrated Microsystems[J]. Acta Electronica Sinica, 2025, 53(09): 3433-3453. DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20250623

摘要

木材作为地球上最丰富的可再生资源之一，具有天然多孔结构、优异的力学性能及生物相容性，赋予其在绿色电子学中巨大的应用潜力.不同于传统的高分子或无机基底，木材独特的纤维取向及孔洞微纳结构，使其在电荷传输、离子迁移以及界面调控等方面展现出独特的优势，为构筑可再生、可降解的木基电子器件奠定了良好基础.近年来，随着智能感知技术、自供能系统及柔性电子的迅速发展，研究者们开始通过结构设计与材料功能化手段，赋予木材导电性、柔性、透光性等新特性，使其在绿色电子领域焕发新生.本文首先概述了木基材料的物理结构和化学组成特征，并从木基材料电子功能化的角度归纳了常见的改性与处理方法，包括去木质素、化学掺杂、碳化处理及仿生结构设计等.在此基础上，多类型的高性能木基电子器件被研究人员构建出来，其中能量采集器件如蒸发电器件、摩擦电器件能够有效采集转化环境能量；多功能传感器件则实现了压力、湿度、气体等信号的灵敏感知；储能器件如超级电容器则展现出优异的能量存储与供电能力.进一步地，本文探讨了木基电子微系统的集成化构建方式，即通过能量管理模块、传感单元与无线通信模块的有机融合，实现“传感功能+微纳供能”一体化的集成微系统.这类系统不仅展现了良好的信号响应能力和稳定性，也契合绿色可持续发展的需求.最后，本文展望了木基感能电子器件及集成微系统未来发展所面临的机遇与挑战.

Abstract

Wood

as one of the most abundant renewable resources on Earth

possesses a naturally porous structure

excellent mechanical properties

and biocompatibility

endowing it with significant potential in the field of green electronics. Unlike conventional polymeric or inorganic substrates

wood has unique fiber orientation and porous micro/nanostructures. These features provide advantages in charge transport

ion migration

and interfacial regulation

which offer a sustainable and biodegradable basis for wood-based electronic devices. In recent years

intelligent sensing technologies

self-powered systems

and flexible electronics have developed rapidly. Researchers have modified wood through structural design and material functionalization. As a result

wood has been endowed with new properties such as conductivity

flexibility

and optical transparency. This has revived its potential in green electronics. This review summarizes the physical structure and chemical composition of wood. It also introduces common modification and functionalization methods. These include delignification

chemical doping

carbonization

and bioinspired structural design. Such strategies enable wood to acquire diverse functional properties. Based on these advances

researchers have built various high-performance wood-based devices. Energy-harvesting devices

such as evaporation-driven and triboelectric generators

can capture energy from the environment. Multifunctional sensors can detect pressure

humidity

and gas with high sensitivity. Energy-storage devices

such as supercapacitors

show excellent energy storage and release performance. We further discuss the integration of wood-based electronic microsystems. Energy management modules

sensing units

and wireless communication modules are combined to achieve “sensing function-micro/nano power supply” integration. These systems provide stable operation and reliable signal response. They also match the goals of green and sustainable development. Finally

we discuss future opportunities and challenges facing the development of wood-based electronic technologies.

关键词

Keywords

references

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