Intrinsic Emittance of Thermionic Cathode with Work Function Variation

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2019.03.018

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Intrinsic Emittance of Thermionic Cathode with Work Function Variation

更新时间：2025-07-02

- Intrinsic Emittance of Thermionic Cathode with Work Function Variation
- Acta Electronica Sinica Vol. 47, Issue 3, Pages: 643-648(2019)
- 作者机构：
  
  中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所,四川,绵阳,621999
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.11605179)
- DOI：10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2019.03.018
  CLC： TL503.3
- Published Online：25 March 2019，
  
  Published：2019
- 稿件说明：
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Intrinsic Emittance of Thermionic Cathode with Work Function Variation[J]. Acta Electronica Sinica, 2019, 47(3): 643-648.
DOI：

Intrinsic Emittance of Thermionic Cathode with Work Function Variation[J]. Acta Electronica Sinica, 2019, 47(3): 643-648. DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.0372-2112.2019.03.018.

摘要

热阴极广泛应用真空电子器件、加速器、自由电子激光等各类束流装置，热阴极表面状态非均匀性对束流本征发射度有着显著的影响.本文推导了非均匀发射阴极的均方根本征发射度理论形式，并分析了逸出功非均匀性及其统计效应对本征发射度的影响.针对逸出功径向和一维余弦分布模型，计算了均方根发射度与逸出功非均匀性关系的理论数值解；基于有限差分法粒子仿真技术，开发了专用于阴极仿真的程序YY-PICMC，并验证了理论形式的正确性；针对逸出功二维余弦分布模型进行了理论和仿真分析，结果表明逸出功分布空间频数对均方根发射度涨落有显著影响，当空间频数趋于无限大时，发射度增长系数趋于1，即逸出功均匀阴极的情形；最后，分析了最接近真实阴极表面状态的二维逸出功随机分布模型，仿真结果表明随着空间频数增加，发射度增长系数统计方差逐渐减小，符合余弦模型结果的预期.本文建立的理论形式和仿真方法可以用于评估各类阴极表面逸出功空间非均匀性特征对束流本征发射度的影响程度.

Abstract

Surface non-uniformity including temperature

work and geometric profile affect intrinsic emittance of thermionic cathode of vacuum electronics and accelerators.In order to understand how intrinsic emittance is manipulated by work function variation

a general intrinsic emittance model consisting of contributions from surface non-uniformity was developed.Finite-difference time-domain particle-in-cell (FDTD-PIC) simulation verified numerical calculation result of cathodes with work function radical variation and 1D cosine periodic variation.Furthermore

theoretical results and simulation for cathodes with work function of 2D cosine periodic variance and 2D random distribution showed that emittance increase coefficient approaches to 1 and variance of emittance increase coefficient decreased quickly when spatial frequency increased.This paper shows that work non-uniformity hardly affects intrinsic emittance if cathode diameter is much larger than the average size of micro work region;in contrast

intrinsic emittance may differ from uniform case notably if micro size is comparable to cathode diameter.Moreover

theoretical model and simulation method are useful to assess influence of work or temperature non-uniformity on intrinsic emittance of kinds of cathode.

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