Location management

which consists of location update and location query

is a challenging topic in mobile communication.The basic location management scheme of personal communications services (PCS's) networks requires that location update be initiated whenever a mobile crosses the boundary of location areas.Obviously

this scheme is likely to waste the system resources due to the locality of mobiles' roaming.Therefore

reducing the cost of location management has become a hotspot of mobile communication.A location management schema with ring search (Ring Schema for short) was conceived

where no location update is needed.Additionally

a formula of the layer number of the location areas queried by Ring Schema was derived.According to this formula

the cost of Ring Scheme

on certain conditions

is less than both the cost of the basic scheme and that of the basic pointer forwarding schema.