北京大学微处理器研究开发中心,北京,100871
纸质出版:2010
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黄 侃, 佟 冬, 刘 洋, 等. MCS-DMA:一种面向SoC内DMA传输的内存控制器优化设计[J]. 电子学报, 2010,38(3):598-604.
HUANG Kan, TONG Dong, LIU Yang, et al. MCS-DMA: An Optimization Design of Memory Controller for DMA Transfers in SoC[J]. Acta Electronica Sinica, 2010, 38(3): 598-604.
当前主流片上总线协议—AHB存在访存带宽利用率较低的问题.本文基于SoC内DMA传输较多的特点,提出一种新的优化设计:在内存控制器内部增加MCS-DMA模块,并通过驱动程序将MCS-DMA模块与目标DMA传输绑定. 一方面实现数据预取,提升单个DMA传输时的总线带宽利用率;另一方面使访存请求在内存控制器内部流水化完成,提升多个DMA并发时的总线带宽利用率.将该设计应用到北大众志SK SoC后,单个DMA传输时的总线带宽利用率提升至100%,多个DMA并发时的总线带宽利用率从33.3%提升至85.5%,而芯片设计面积仅增加2.9%.
Current mainstream on-chip bus protocol — AHB has a problem that the bandwidth utilization of memory accesses is quite low. This paper proposes a new optimization design based on the feature that there are massive DMA transfers in SoC. Proposed method adds MCS-DMA modules inside the memory controller and bind MCS-DMA modules to target DMA transfers via software drivers. On the one hand
it prefetches data to increase the bandwidth utilization of single DMA transfer; on the other hand
it makes memory requests pipelined inside the memory controller
which increases the bandwidth utilization of multiple parallel DMA transfers. After applying the design to PKUnity-SK SoC
the bus bandwidth utilization when transferring single DMA increases to 100%. When transferring multiple DMAs in parallel
the bus bandwidth utilization increases from 33.3% to 85.5%. However
the chip area only increases by 2.9%.
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