A new method describing the relation of the fields on two closed curve surfaces by matrix is introduced. By utilizing this method

an object functional on phase inverse problem which has been focused in recent years in near and far field transformation is created. Comparing with other functionals

this functional belongs in real space rather than complex space. Its form is very simple and it is easy to calculate the gradient of the functional.The data processing is decreased greatly. The conjugate gradient method （CGM） is taken to mininize the object functional.The numerical results show that the phase of a closed curve surface can be retrieved completely when the initial phase value points are located in the vicinity of the solution. At last

the existence of multipolar value in phase inverse problem is discussed by functional theory.