基于火花试验装置的真空放电微观特性模拟研究

王党树; 栾哲哲; 古东明; 刘树林; 董振; 王新霞

doi:10.12263/DZXB.20200820

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

基于火花试验装置的真空放电微观特性模拟研究

学术论文 | 更新时间：2025-12-08

- 基于火花试验装置的真空放电微观特性模拟研究
- Simulation Research on the Microscopic Characteristics of Vacuum Discharge Based on Spark Test Device
- 电子学报 2021年49卷第12期页码：2449-2457
- 作者机构：
  
  1.西安科技大学电气与控制工程学院，陕西西安 710054
  2.西安科技大学理学院，陕西西安 710054
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "王党树男，1976年生，陕西武功人.副教授，从事电力电子技术研究.E-mail:wangdangshu@126.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然基金面上项目(51777167);国家自然基金青年项目(51604217)
- DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20200820
  中图分类号： O462
- 收稿：2020-08-01，
  
  修回：2021-07-19，
  
  纸质出版：2021-12-25
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
王党树,栾哲哲,古东明等.基于火花试验装置的真空放电微观特性模拟研究[J].电子学报,2021,49(12):2449-2457.

WANG Dang-shu,LUAN Zhe-zhe,GU Dong-ming,et al.Simulation Research on the Microscopic Characteristics of Vacuum Discharge Based on Spark Test Device[J].ACTA ELECTRONICA SINICA,2021,49(12):2449-2457.
王党树,栾哲哲,古东明等.基于火花试验装置的真空放电微观特性模拟研究[J].电子学报,2021,49(12):2449-2457. DOI： 10.12263/DZXB.20200820.

WANG Dang-shu,LUAN Zhe-zhe,GU Dong-ming,et al.Simulation Research on the Microscopic Characteristics of Vacuum Discharge Based on Spark Test Device[J].ACTA ELECTRONICA SINICA,2021,49(12):2449-2457. DOI： 10.12263/DZXB.20200820.

摘要

为了研究火花试验装置中电极在真空中放电的微观特性，本文建立了在真空环境下，以钨为阳极材料、镉为阴极材料的二维平行板放电模型.采用PIC/MCC(Particle-In-Cell

Monte Carlo Collision)方法对该模型进行仿真，研究了不同电子发射机制下平行板电极放电的发展过程以及空间场强、阴极表面温度和场增强因子对空间电子变化的影响，得到在场致发射、热发射以及热-场致发射作用下放电过程中的电子浓度和阳极吸收电流的变化以及电子密度和电势的空间分布等.研究发现，场致发射是微间隙阴极电子发射的主导发射机制，当阴极表面温度在焦耳热的作用下达到镉金属的沸点1040K时将产生镉蒸汽，电流密度和电子浓度逐渐增大，此时热发射将开始作用于微间隙放电；当温度大于镉金属气化温度后，场强的影响将大于温度的影响；当场增强因子很小时，热发射几乎不起作用，随着场增强因子不断增大，热发射的作用逐渐增强，导致空间电子浓度明显增加，真空环境下微间隙放电是由热-场共同作用的.

Abstract

In order to study the micro-characteristics of the electrode discharge in the spark test device in vacuum

this paper established a two-dimensional parallel plate discharge model in a vacuum environment with tungsten as the anode material and cadmium as the cathode material. We simulate the model with the PIC/MCC(Particle-In-Cell/Monte Carlo Collision) method

studies the development process of parallel plate electrode discharge under different electron emission mechanisms and the influence of space field strength

cathode surface temperature and field enhancement factor on the changes of space electrons

and obtains the field emission

thermal emission and thermal-field emission changes in the electron concentration and anode absorption current during the discharge process

as well as the spatial distribution of the electron density and electric potential

etc. The research has found that field emission is the dominant emission mechanism of micro-gap cathode electron emission. When the cathode surface temperature reaches 1040K

the boiling point of cadmium metal under the action of Joule heat

cadmium vapor will be generated

and the current density and electron concentration will gradually increase. At this time

the thermal emission will start to act on the micro-gap discharge. When the temperature is greater than the vaporization temperature of cadmium metal

the influence of the field strength will be greater than that of the temperature. When the field enhancement factor is very small

the thermal emission is almost ineffective. As the field enhancement factor continues to increase

the effect of thermal emission gradually increases

leading to a significant increase in the spatial electron concentration. The micro-gap discharge in a vacuum environment is caused by the combined effect of heat and field.

关键词

Keywords

references

Uber C , Runge T , Brunzendorf J , et al . Electrical discharges caused by opening contacts in an ignitable atmosphere - Part II: Spectroscopic investigation and estimation of temperatures [J]. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries , 2019 , 61 : 213 - 219 .

Uber C , Shekhar R , Felgner A , et al . Experimental investigation of low-voltage spark ignition caused by separating electrodes [J]. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries , 2017 , 49 : 822 - 831 .

孟庆海 , 王进己 . 本质安全电感电路电弧放电时间双正态分布 [J]. 电工技术学报 , 2017 , 32 ( 2 ): 119 - 124 .

Meng Q H , Wang J J . Dual normal distribution of arc discharge time for inductive intrinsically safe circuits [J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society , 2017 , 32 ( 2 ): 119 - 124 . (in Chinese)

康骞 , 许春雨 , 田慕琴 , 等 . 电势电容电路短路火花放电影响因素分析 [J]. 工矿自动化 , 2020 , 46 ( 8 ): 38 - 43, 63 .

Kang Q , Xu C Y , Tian M Q , et al . Analysis of influencing factors of short-circuit spark discharge in electric potential capacitance circuit [J]. Industry and Mine Automation , 2020 , 46 ( 8 ): 38 - 43, 63 . (in Chinese)

郭昱均 , 季启政 , 何锋 , 等 . 平板型电极微腔放电的特性 [J]. 高电压技术 , 2019 , 45 ( 3 ): 820 - 825 .

Guo Y J , Ji Q Z , He F , et al . Discharge characteristic in micro-channel of plate electrodes [J]. High Voltage Engineering , 2019 , 45 ( 3 ): 820 - 825 . (in Chinese)

Boyle W S , Kisliuk P . Departure from <math id="M33"><mi mathvariant="normal">P</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">c</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">h</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi><msup><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>'</mi></mrow></msup><mtext> </mtext><mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi></math> http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=39073954&type= http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=39073949&type= 12.78466606 2.37066650 law of breakdown in gases [J]. Physical Review , 1955 , 97 ( 2 ): 255 - 259 .

Germer L H . Electrical breakdown between close electrodes in air [J]. Journal of Applied Physics , 1959 , 30 ( 1 ): 46 - 51 .

Go D B , Pohlman D A . A mathematical model of the modified <math id="M34"><mi mathvariant="normal">P</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">c</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">h</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi><msup><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>'</mi></mrow></msup><mtext> </mtext><mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi></math> http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=39073954&type= http://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=39073949&type= 12.78466606 2.37066650 curve for breakdown in microscale gaps [J]. Journal of Applied Physics , 2010 , 107 ( 10 ): 103303 .

Sun Z , Fu L Q , Gao X , Han B , et al . Study on micro gap air discharge based on atomic force microscope [J]. Journal of Electrotechnics , 2018 , 33 ( 23 ): 5616 - 5624 .

钟久明 , 刘树林 , 王玉婷 , 等 . 短间隙的击穿及其短路放电特性研究 [J]. 电工电能新技术 , 2016 , 35 ( 4 ): 30 - 34 .

Zhong J M , Liu S L , Wang Y T , et al . Study on breakdown and short circuit character of short gaps [J]. Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy , 2016 , 35 ( 4 ): 30 - 34 . (in Chinese)

Amorim M V , Dall' Agnol F F , den Engelsen D , et al . Numerical analysis of the notional area in cold field electron emission from arrays [J]. Journal of Physics. Condensed Matter , 2018 , 30 ( 38 ): 385303 .

Kristya V I , Ha M T , Fisher M R . Modeling of the influence of the thickness of an insulating film on a cathode surface on its effective secondary-electron emission yield in low-current gas discharge [J]. Journal of Surface Investigation: x-Ray, Synchrotron and Neutron Techniques , 2019 , 13 ( 2 ): 339 - 343 .

徐翱 , 金大志 , 王亚军 , 等 . 场致发射影响微间隙气体放电形成的模拟 [J]. 高电压技术 , 2020 , 46 ( 2 ): 715 - 722 .

Xu A , Jin D Z , Wang Y J , et al . Simulation on influence of field emission to the gas discharge in micro-scale gaps [J]. High Voltage Engineering , 2020 , 46 ( 2 ): 715 - 722 . (in Chinese)

田微 , 盖斐 , 张俊敏 , 等 . 径向放电的等离子体阴极脉冲电子束实验研究 [J]. 电工技术学报 , 2019 , 34 ( 6 ): 1338 - 1344 .

Tian W , Gai F , Zhang J M , et al . Experiment research on pulse electron beam of plasma cathode with radial discharge [J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society , 2019 , 34 ( 6 ): 1338 - 1344 . (in Chinese)

Murphy E L , Good R H . Thermionic emission, field emission, and the transition region [J]. Physical Review , 1956 , 102 ( 6 ): 1464 - 1473 .

Paulini J , Klein T , Simon G . Thermo-field emission and the Nottingham effect [J]. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics , 1993 , 26 ( 8 ): 1310 - 1315 .

Barengolts S A , Litvinov E A , Suvorov V G . A self-consistent model of electron emission from metals [J]. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation , 1999 , 6 ( 4 ): 430 - 435 .

郝广辉 , 李泽鹏 , 高玉娟 , 等 . 表面形貌对热阴极电子发射特性的影响 [J]. 物理学报 , 2019 , 68 ( 3 ): 264v271 .

Hao G H , Li Z P , Gao Y J , et al . Effect of surface topography on emission properties of hot-cathode [J]. Acta Physica Sinica , 2019 , 68 ( 3 ): 264 - 271 . (in Chinese)

赵永秀 , 刘树林 , 王瑶 , 等 . 安全火花试验电极热场致发射模型和温度效应的数值模拟研究 [J]. 电工技术学报 , 2019 , 34 ( 20 ): 4179 - 4187 .

Zhao Y X , Liu S L , Wang Y , et al . Research on numerical simulation of thermal field electron emission and temperature effect for safety spark test electrode [J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society , 2019 , 34 ( 20 ): 4179 - 4187 . (in Chinese)

彭凯 , 刘大刚 . 三维热场致发射模型的数值模拟与研究 [J]. 物理学报 , 2012 , 61 ( 12 ): 167 - 172 .

Peng K , Liu D G . Numerical simulation and study of three-dimensional thermal field emission [J]. Acta Physica Sinica , 2012 , 61 ( 12 ): 167 - 172 . (in Chinese)

Benilov M S , Benilova L G . Field to thermo-field to thermionic electron emission: A practical guide to evaluation and electron emission from arc cathodes [J]. Journal of Applied Physics , 2013 , 114 ( 6 ): 063307 .

He X , Scharer J , Booske J , et al . Modeling of cold emission cathode by inclusion of combined field and thermionic emission processes [J]. Journal of Applied Physics , 2007 , 102 ( 5 ): 056107 .

钟久明 , 刘树林 , 段江龙 , 等 . 短间隙短路放电的场增强因子研究 [J]. 真空科学与技术学报 , 2015 , 35 ( 9 ): 1035 - 1040 .

Zhong J M , Liu S L , Duan J L , et al . Field enhancement factor in short-circuit discharge across narrow-gap [J]. Chinese Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology , 2015 , 35 ( 9 ): 1035 - 1040 . (in Chinese)

浏览量

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

负极性电火花加工时表面做功能量研究及其参数分析

Fowler－Nordheim公式用于实际场发射体的修正

真空微电子平板显示器工艺研究

大面积金属场致发射阴极阵列制造的新方法

真空微二极管发射特性的解析解