面向FPGA的布局与布线技术研究综述

田春生; 陈雷; 王源; 王硕; 周婧; 张瑶伟; 庞永江; 周冲; 马筱婧; 杜忠; 薛钰

doi:10.12263/DZXB.20210637

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面向FPGA的布局与布线技术研究综述

综述评论 | 更新时间：2025-12-08

- 面向FPGA的布局与布线技术研究综述
- Review on Technology of Placement and Routing for the FPGA
- 电子学报 2022年50卷第5期页码：1243-1254
- 作者机构：
  
  1.北京大学信息科学技术学院微纳电子学系，北京 100871
  2.北京微电子技术研究所，北京 100076
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "田春生男，1993年生于吉林梅河口.现为北京大学信息科学技术学院与北京微电子技术研究所联合博士后.主要研究方向为集成电路自动化设计.E-mail: tiancs@pku.edu.cn" ]
  [ "陈雷男，1978年生于安徽淮南.现为北京微电子技术研究所研究员，硕士生导师.主要研究方向为超大规模集成电路设计.E-mail: chenleinpu@vip.126.com" ]
  [ "王源男，1979年生于陕西扶风.现为北京大学教授，博士生导师.主要研究方向为大规模集成电路设计.E-mail: wangyuan@pku.edu.cn" ]
  [ "王硕男，1985年生于河南南阳.现为北京微电子技术研究所高级工程师.主要研究方向为FPGA布局布线算法和FPGA软错误缓解技术.E-mail: 66188893@qq.com" ]
  [ "周婧女，1986年生于山东烟台，现为北京微电子技术研究所高级工程师，主要研究方向为FPGACAD工具研发.E-mail: zhoujenny0915@126.com" ]
  [ "张瑶伟男，1997年生于山西运城.现为中国运载火箭技术研究院电子科学与技术硕士研究生.主要研究方向为FPGA的三模冗余、高层次综合技术.E-mail: zyw18810532787@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金(U20A20204);国家科技重大专项(2009ZYHJ0005)
- DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20210637
  中图分类号： TN47;TP301
- 收稿：2021-05-18，
  
  修回：2021-08-24，
  
  纸质出版：2022-05-25
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
田春生,陈雷,王源等.面向FPGA的布局与布线技术研究综述[J].电子学报,2022,50(05):1243-1254.

TIAN Chun-sheng,CHEN Lei,WANG Yuan,et al.Review on Technology of Placement and Routing for the FPGA[J].ACTA ELECTRONICA SINICA,2022,50(05):1243-1254.
田春生,陈雷,王源等.面向FPGA的布局与布线技术研究综述[J].电子学报,2022,50(05):1243-1254. DOI： 10.12263/DZXB.20210637.

TIAN Chun-sheng,CHEN Lei,WANG Yuan,et al.Review on Technology of Placement and Routing for the FPGA[J].ACTA ELECTRONICA SINICA,2022,50(05):1243-1254. DOI： 10.12263/DZXB.20210637.

摘要

随着大规模集成电路器件复杂度与容量的不断提升，现场可编程门阵列（Field Programmable Gate Array

FPGA）以高度的并行、可定制和可重构的特性得到了广泛的关注与应用. 在制约FPGA发展的众多因素中，最为关键的便是电子设计自动化（Electronic Design Automation

EDA）技术，作为FPGA EDA流程中的关键环节，布局和布线技术的研究对于FPGA的重要性不言而喻. 本文综述了面向FPGA的布局和布线技术，包括基于划分的布局、基于启发式的布局、基于解析式的布局、FPGA串行布线和FPGA并行布线等技术，分析对比了不同技术方法的优缺点，在此基础上，本文还展望了未来FPGA布局和布线技术的发展趋势，将为FPGA未来健康可持续的发展提供有力支撑.

Abstract

With the continuous increase in the complexity and capacity of large-scale integrated circuit devices

field programmable gate array(FPGA) has received extensive attention and applications for its high degree of concurrency

customizable and reconfigurable features. Among the many factors that restrict the development of FPGA

the most critical is electronic design automation(EDA) technology. As a key link in the FPGA EDA process

the importance of placement and routing technology for FPGA is self-evident. This article reviews the technology of placement and routing for the FPGA

including partition-based placement

heuristic-based placement

analytical-based placement

FPGA serial routing and FPGA parallel routing. The advantages and disadvantages of different technologies are analyzed and compared. On this basis

the development trend of FPGA placement and routing technology in the future is also prospected

which will provide strong support for the healthy and sustainable development of FPGAs.

关键词

Keywords

references

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