面向对流层散射传输的星地联合检测定位技术

郝本建; 周玫汝; 严少虎; 李明惺; 段玉锦

doi:10.12263/DZXB.20211104

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面向对流层散射传输的星地联合检测定位技术

学术论文 | 更新时间：2025-12-08

- 面向对流层散射传输的星地联合检测定位技术
- Satellite-Ground Joint Detection Positioning Technique for Tropospheric Scattering Transmission
- 电子学报 2023年51卷第5期页码：1273-1281
- 作者机构：
  
  1.西安电子科技大学通信工程学院，陕西西安 710071
  2.中国电子科技集团公司第二十九研究所，四川成都 610036
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "郝本建　男，1982年5月出生于山东省泰安市.现为西安电子科技大学通信工程学院教授、博士生导师，西安市高层次人才，从事电磁频谱监测管控方面的研究工作.获国家技术发明奖二等奖1项、教育部科技进步将一等奖1项.中国电子学会会员编号：E190014391S. E-mail: bjhao@xidian.edu.cn" ]
  [ "周玫汝　女，1996年12月出生于河南省濮阳市.2022年毕业于西安电子科技大学通信工程学院.从事于对流层散射定位技术方面的研究工作. E-mail: zhoumeiru789@163.com" ]
  [ "严少虎　男，1976年2月出生于四川省绵竹市.1998年7月毕业于西安电子科技大学通信工程学院.现为中国电子科技集团公司第二十九研究所研究员级高级工程师，从事系统总体与集成技术方面的研究工作. E-mail: youngtiger@263.net" ]
  [ "李明惺　男，1985年4月出生于江西省九江市.2010年年硕士毕业于重庆大学仪器科学与技术专业.现为中国电科29所高级工程师，从事频谱管理与电子对抗方面的研究工作. E-mail: limingxing@cetc.com.cn" ]
  [ "段玉锦　女，1995年4月出生于陕西省西安市.2020年毕业于西安电子科技大学通信工程学院.现工作于上海浦东发展银行总行信息科技部应用开发服务中心西安分中心. E-mail: 18909277848@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  电磁空间作战与应用重点实验室基金;国家自然科学基金(62101403;62101441)
- DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20211104
  中图分类号： TN927+.2
- 收稿：2021-08-16，
  
  修回：2022-08-15，
  
  纸质出版：2023-05-25
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
郝本建,周玫汝,严少虎等.面向对流层散射传输的星地联合检测定位技术[J].电子学报,2023,51(05):1273-1281.

HAO Ben-jian,ZHOU Mei-ru,YAN Shao-hu,et al.Satellite-Ground Joint Detection Positioning Technique for Tropospheric Scattering Transmission[J].ACTA ELECTRONICA SINICA,2023,51(05):1273-1281.
郝本建,周玫汝,严少虎等.面向对流层散射传输的星地联合检测定位技术[J].电子学报,2023,51(05):1273-1281. DOI： 10.12263/DZXB.20211104.

HAO Ben-jian,ZHOU Mei-ru,YAN Shao-hu,et al.Satellite-Ground Joint Detection Positioning Technique for Tropospheric Scattering Transmission[J].ACTA ELECTRONICA SINICA,2023,51(05):1273-1281. DOI： 10.12263/DZXB.20211104.

摘要

针对地面超远距离目标进行到达时间差（Time Difference of Arrival，TDOA）被动定位时，将天基监测卫星与地面监测站点相联合，可有效规避天基多星联合体制成本高、调度灵活性受限等问题，但受地面目标与地面监测站之间对流层散射传播非直线路径关系影响，星地联合定位精度常难以满足实际应用需求.针对此问题，本文提出一种面对对流层散射传播超视距的超远距离目标星地联合定位技术，通过地面目标与地面监测站之间对流层散射传播路径等效地球半径数学模型构建，以描述二者之间非直线路径光程长度关系，进而联合目标与天基监测卫星之间直线传播路径数学模型，构建新的星地联合TDOA被动定位方程组，最后，通过牛顿迭代法对该非线性方程组进行解析获得定位结果.本文给出了星地联合的对流层散射目标定位克拉美罗下界（Cramer-Rao Lower Bound，CRLB）推导，并且验证了本文针对远距离目标提出的定位方法的估计性能.计算机仿真验证表明，所提技术可有效消除对流层散射传播非直线关系对定位精度恶化影响，实现了星地联合超远距离目标TDOA被动定位精度有效提升.

Abstract

In view of the high cost of the existing space-based reconnaissance and positioning system and the poor positioning accuracy of the ground-based monitoring system for long-distance targets

this paper proposes a satellite-ground joint positioning technology applied to long-distance ground targets with non-line-of-sight path of tropospheric scattering propagation. The time difference of arrival (TDOA) information between the reconnaissance system and the target can obtain the three-dimensional positioning of the target. According to the propagation characteristics of tropospheric scattering

a geometric model of tropospheric scattering transmission path is established under the equivalent earth radius model when the scattering points are located at different locations

and the time difference positioning equations are constructed. Analyzing the non-linear equations

the positioning result is obtained by the Newton iteration method. Finally

the electronic reconnaissance satellite and ground-based monitoring station are used as an example. The derivation of the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) for the satellite-ground joint tropospheric scattering target location is given

and the estimation performance of the positioning method proposed in this paper for long-range targets is verified. The results show that the technique can break through the limitation of direct transmission of electromagnetic waves and realize the accurate positioning of long-distant non-direct-view target based on the satellite-earth joint positioning platform.

关键词

Keywords

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