基于空变多普勒参数聚类的微波光子ISAR高精度成像方法

李俊颜; 杨青; 李中余; 武俊杰; 王安乐; 王党卫; 杨建宇

doi:10.12263/DZXB.20240442

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

基于空变多普勒参数聚类的微波光子ISAR高精度成像方法

学术论文 | 更新时间：2025-12-11

- 基于空变多普勒参数聚类的微波光子ISAR高精度成像方法
- High-Precision Microwave Photonic ISAR Imaging Method Based on Spatially Variant Doppler Parameter Clustering
- 电子学报 2024年52卷第12期页码：3941-3956
- 作者机构：
  
  1.电子科技大学信息与通信工程学院，四川成都 611731
  2.空军预警学院，湖北武汉 430019
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "李俊颜男，2001年出生于四川省遂宁市.现为电子科技大学信息与通信工程学院硕士研究生.主要研究方向为SAR/ISAR对舰船目标成像.E-mail: li_junyan20242024@163.com" ]
  [ "杨青男.现为电子科技大学信息与通信工程学院博士后.主要研究方向为双基地海面动目标成像.E-mail: yang_qing@uestc.edu.cn" ]
  [ "李中余男.教授，博士生导师.主要研究方向为新体制雷达成像技术等.中国电子学会会员编号：E190018239M.E-mail: zhongyu_li@uestc.edu.cn" ]
  [ "武俊杰男.教授，博士生导师.主要研究方向为合成孔径雷达成像、双/多基合成孔径雷达、雷达信号处理等.中国电子学会会员编号：E190021240S.E-mail: junjie_wu@uestc.edu.cn" ]
  [ "王安乐男.副教授.主要研究方向为微波光子雷达等.中国电子学会会员编号：E190025037M." ]
  [ "杨建宇男.教授，博士生导师.主要研究方向为雷达探测与成像、信号检测与估计等.中国电子学会会员编号：E190002905F.E-mail: jyyang@uestc.edu.cn" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金(62171084)
- DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20240442
  中图分类号： TN957;
- 收稿：2024-05-14，
  
  修回：2024-08-29，
  
  纸质出版：2024-12-25
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
李俊颜, 杨青, 李中余, 等. 基于空变多普勒参数聚类的微波光子ISAR高精度成像方法[J]. 电子学报, 2024, 52(12): 3941-3956.

LI Jun-yan, YANG Qing, LI Zhong-yu, et al. High-Precision Microwave Photonic ISAR Imaging Method Based on Spatially Variant Doppler Parameter Clustering[J]. Acta Electronica Sinica, 2024, 52(12): 3941-3956.
李俊颜, 杨青, 李中余, 等. 基于空变多普勒参数聚类的微波光子ISAR高精度成像方法[J]. 电子学报, 2024, 52(12): 3941-3956. DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20240442

LI Jun-yan, YANG Qing, LI Zhong-yu, et al. High-Precision Microwave Photonic ISAR Imaging Method Based on Spatially Variant Doppler Parameter Clustering[J]. Acta Electronica Sinica, 2024, 52(12): 3941-3956. DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20240442

摘要

微波光子雷达由于具备距离向的超大带宽和超高分辨能力，通过逆合成孔径雷达（Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar，ISAR）成像能够带来舰船等重要目标更精细的信息，对于海上监视具有重要意义.然而在超高分辨特性下，目标转动导致的三维空变多普勒参数会造成图像的散焦，在二维回波域成像时必须要进行区域化的补偿处理，但现有方法无法实现自适应的区域化分割，要实现二维超高分辨成像难度很大.为了解决上述问题，本论文提出了一种基于空变多普勒参数聚类的微波光子ISAR高精度成像方法.首先，建立了微波光子ISAR舰船目标回波模型，导出了多普勒参数的三维空变特性，并分析了二维区域化补偿处理的必要性；然后，通过强散射点的分离、多普勒参数的自适应估计及插值等处理，建立了目标各散射点与二维多普勒参数之间的映射关系，并在二维多普勒参数域通过聚类处理，完成空变多普勒参数的自适应最优分割，为高精度的区域化补偿处理奠定了基础.最后，通过区域化非空变二维相位一致性补偿处理，实现了微波光子ISAR超高分辨成像.并通过仿真和实测数据处理，验证了本方法的有效性.

Abstract

Due to its large bandwidth and high resolution in the range dimension

microwave photonic radar enables finer information extraction for important targets such as ships through inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging

which is crucial for maritime surveillance. However

under the ultra-high resolution characteristics

the three-dimensional spatially variant Doppler parameters caused by target rotation can lead to image defocusing. In two-dimensional echo domain imaging

regional compensation processing is necessary

but existing methods cannot achieve adaptive regional segmentation

making it difficult to achieve two-dimensional ultra-high resolution imaging. To address these issues

this paper proposes a high-precision microwave photonic ISAR imaging method based on spatially variant Doppler parameter clustering. Firstly

the echo model of microwave photonic ISAR ship target is established

and the three-dimensional spatial variability characteristics of Doppler parameters are derived. The necessity of two-dimensional regional compensation processing is analyzed. Then

by separating strong scattering points

adaptive estimation and interpolation of Doppler parameters

a mapping relationship between each scattering point of the target and the two-dimensional Doppler parameter is established. Clustering processing in the two-dimensional Doppler parameter domain is performed to achieve adaptive optimal segmentation of spatially variant Doppler parameters

laying the foundation for high-precision regional compensation processing. Finally

regional non-spatially variant two-dimensional phase consistency compensation processing is carried out to achieve ultra-high resolution imaging of microwave photonic ISAR. The effectiveness of this method is validated through simulation and experimental data processing.

关键词

Keywords

references

梁丁丁 , 陈阳 . 微波光子四倍频复合雷达信号生成及目标多维度探测 [J ] . 电子学报 , 2022 , 50 ( 4 ): 796 - 803 .

LIANG D , CHEN Y . Frequency-quadrupled radar composite signal generation and multi-dimensional target detection enabled by microwave photonics [J ] . Acta Electronica Sinica , 2022 , 50 ( 4 ): 796 - 803 . (in Chinese)

CUMMING G L , WONG H F . 合成孔径雷达成像: 算法与实现 [M ] . 北京 : 电子工业出版社 , 2012 : 141 - 142 .

CUMMING G L , WONG H F . Digital Processing of Synthetic Aperture Radar Data: Algorithms and Implementation [M ] . Beijing : Publishing House of Electronics Industry , 2012 : 141 - 142 . (in Chinese)

保铮 , 邢孟道 , 王彤 . 雷达成像技术 [M ] . 北京 : 电子工业出版社 , 2005 : 70 - 82 .

BAO Z , XING M D , WANG T . Radar Imaging Techniques [M ] . Beijing : Publishing House of Electronics Industry , 2005 : 70 - 82 . (in Chinese)

YANG Q , LI Z , LI J , et al . Bistatic SAR maritime ship target 3-d image reconstruction method without distortion in local cartesian coordinate [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing , 2023 , 61 : 1 - 18 .

DJUROVIĆ I , SIMEUNOVIĆ M , WANG P . Cubic phase function: A simple solution to polynomial phase signal analysis [J ] . Signal Processing , 2017 , 135 : 48 - 66 .

LIU Z , JIANG Y , WANG Y , et al . A novel ISAR imaging and scaling approach for maneuvering targets based on high-accuracy phase parameter estimation algorithm [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing , 2022 , 60 : 1 - 19 .

LI D , GUI X , LIU H , et al . An ISAR imaging algorithm for maneuvering targets with low snr based on parameter estimation of multicomponent quadratic FM signals and nonuniform FFT [J ] . IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing , 2016 , 9 ( 12 ): 5688 - 5702 .

HAI Y , WANG H , WU J , et al . High-resolution imaging of maneuvering targets in microwave photonic ISAR with improved variable mode decomposition techniques [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Radar Systems , 2024 , 2 : 535 - 548 .

XIA X G , WANG G , CHEN V C . Quantitative SNR analysis for ISAR imaging using joint time-frequency analysis-short time Fourier transform [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems , 2002 , 38 ( 2 ): 649 - 659 .

BERIZZI F , MESE E D , DIANI M , et al . High-resolution ISAR imaging of maneuvering targets by means of the range instantaneous doppler technique: modeling and performance analysis [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Image Processing , 2001 , 10 ( 12 ): 1880 - 1890 .

GUO J , YANG W , CHEN J , et al . Refocusing of moving ship targets in SAR images with long synthetic aperture time [C ] // IGARSS 2022 - 2022 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium . Piscataway : IEEE , 2022 : 2079 - 2082 .

SOMMER A , OSTERMANN J . Backprojection subimage autofocus of moving ships for synthetic aperture radar [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing , 2019 , 57 ( 11 ): 8383 - 8393 .

杨利超 , 高悦欣 , 邢孟道 , 等 . 基于广义keystone和频率变标的微波光子ISAR高分辨实时成像算法 [J ] . 雷达学报 , 2019 , 8 ( 2 ): 215 - 223 .

YANG L C , GAO Y X , XING M D , et al . High resolution microwave photonics radar real-time imaging based on generalized keystone and frequency scaling [J ] . Journal of Radars , 2019 , 8 ( 2 ): 215 - 223 . (in Chinese)

SHAO S , LIU H , YAN J . Integration of imaging and recognition for marine targets in fast-changing attitudes with multistation wideband radars [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems , 2024 , 60 ( 2 ): 1692 - 1710 .

SHAO S , LIU H , ZHANG L , et al . Integration of super-resolution ISAR imaging and fine motion compensation for complex maneuvering ship targets under high sea state [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing , 2022 , 60 : 1 - 20 .

LIU W , SUN G C , XIA X G , et al . Focusing challenges of ships with oscillatory motions and long coherent processing interval [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing , 2021 , 59 ( 8 ): 6562 - 6572 .

刘志凌 , 廖桂生 , 杨志伟 . 低信噪比条件下一种迭代加权拟合的 ISAR包络对齐方法 [J ] . 电子学报 , 2012 , 40 ( 4 ): 799 - 804 .

LIU Z L , LIAO G S . YANG Z W. A range alignment method with iterative weighted least squares fitting for ISAR under low SNR [J ] . Acta Electronica Sinica , 2012 , 40 ( 4 ): 799 - 804 . (in Chinese)

ZHU D , WANG L , YU Y , et al . Robust ISAR range alignment via minimizing the entropy of the average range profile [J ] . IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters , 2009 , 6 ( 2 ): 204 - 208 .

李东 , 赵婷 , 宋伟 , 等 . 一种低信噪比下稳健的ISAR平动补偿方法 [J ] . 电子学报 , 2018 , 46 ( 9 ): 2049 - 2056 .

LI D , ZHAO T , SONG W , et al . A robust translational motion compensation method for ISAR imaging under low SNR environment [J ] . Acta Electronica Sinica , 2018 , 46 ( 9 ): 2049 - 2056 . (in Chinese)

SHAO S , ZHANG L , LIU H . High-resolution ISAR imaging and motion compensation with 2-d joint sparse reconstruction [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing , 2020 , 58 ( 10 ): 6791 - 6811 .

ZHANG S , LIU Y , LI X . Fast entropy minimization based autofocusing technique for ISAR imaging [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing , 2015 , 63 ( 13 ): 3425 - 3434 .

胡长雨 , 陈春风 , 易文忆 , 等 . 结合最近邻图模型的稀疏ISAR成像方法 [J ] . 电子学报 , 2024 , 52 ( 1 ): 170 - 180 .

HU C Y , CHEN C F , YI W Y , et al . Sparse ISAR imaging combined with nearest neighbor graph model [J ] . Acta Electronica Sinica , 2024 , 52 ( 1 ): 170 - 180 . (in Chinese)

KENNEDY J , EBERHART R . Particle swarm optimization [C ] // Proceedings of ICNN’95 - International Conference on Neural Networks . Piscataway : IEEE , 2002 : 1942 - 1948 .

BANERJEE S , CHOUDHARY A , PAL S . Empirical evaluation of k-means, bisecting k-means, fuzzy c-means and genetic k-means clustering algorithms [C ] // 2015 IEEE International WIE Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (WIECON-ECE) . Piscataway : IEEE , 2015 : 168 - 172 .

SHI G , GAO B , ZHANG L . The optimized k-means algorithms for improving randomly-initialed midpoints [C ] // Proceedings of 2013 2nd International Conference on Measurement, Information and Control . Piscataway : IEEE , 2013 : 1212 - 1216 .

周万幸 . ISAR成像系统与技术发展综述 [J ] . 现代雷达 , 2012 , 34 ( 9 ): 1 - 7 .

ZHOU W X . Development and prospect of ISAR imaging system and imaging technique [J ] . Modern Radar , 2012 , 34 ( 9 ): 1 - 7 . (in Chinese)

MIAO Y , WU J , YANG J . Azimuth migration-corrected phase gradient autofocus for bistatic SAR polar format imaging [J ] . IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters , 2021 , 18 ( 4 ): 697 - 701 .

符吉祥 . 大转角ISAR运动补偿和成像方法研究 [D ] . 西安 : 西安电子科技大学 , 2022 .

邵帅 . 高分辨ISAR成像与精细化运动补偿技术研究 [D ] . 西安 : 西安电子科技大学 , 2020 .

浏览量

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

暂无数据