AI-DETR：自适应加权的可解释目标检测方法

鲁银圆; 许升全; 谢娟英

doi:10.12263/DZXB.20250038

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AI-DETR：自适应加权的可解释目标检测方法

学术论文 | 更新时间：2025-12-10

- AI-DETR：自适应加权的可解释目标检测方法
- AI-DETR: Interpretable Object Detection Method Based on Adaptive Weighting
- 电子学报 2025年53卷第7期页码：2279-2304
- 作者机构：
  
  1.陕西师范大学计算机科学学院，陕西西安 710119
  2.陕西师范大学生命科学学院，陕西西安 710119
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "鲁银圆男，1994年12月出生于河南省许昌市.现为陕西师范大学计算机科学学院博士研究生.主要研究方向为图像处理、目标检测、深度学习等. E-mail: zzu_luyy@163.com" ]
  [ "许升全男，1967年6月出生于陕西省西安市.现为陕西师范大学生命科学学院教授、博士生导师.主要研究方向为昆虫分类与进化、进化基因组学、生物信息学等. E-mail: xushengquan@snnu.edu.cn" ]
  [ "谢娟英女，1971年4月出生于陕西省西安市.现为陕西师范大学计算机科学学院教授、博士生导师，CCF杰出会员.主要研究方向为机器学习、数据挖掘、生物医学大数据分析、智能信息处理等. E-mail: xiejuany@snnu.edu.cn" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金(62076159)
- DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20250038
  中图分类号： TP391.4;
- 收稿：2025-01-09，
  
  录用：2025-04-30，
  
  纸质出版：2025-07-25
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
鲁银圆, 许升全, 谢娟英. AI-DETR：自适应加权的可解释目标检测方法[J]. 电子学报, 2025, 53(07): 2279-2304.

LU Yin-yuan, XU Sheng-quan, XIE Juan-ying. AI-DETR: Interpretable Object Detection Method Based on Adaptive Weighting[J]. Acta Electronica Sinica, 2025, 53(07): 2279-2304.
鲁银圆, 许升全, 谢娟英. AI-DETR：自适应加权的可解释目标检测方法[J]. 电子学报, 2025, 53(07): 2279-2304. DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20250038

LU Yin-yuan, XU Sheng-quan, XIE Juan-ying. AI-DETR: Interpretable Object Detection Method Based on Adaptive Weighting[J]. Acta Electronica Sinica, 2025, 53(07): 2279-2304. DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20250038

摘要

检测变换器（DEtection TRansformer，DETR）是计算机视觉和多模态学习等领域的研究热点，但其解码器学习偏差存在层间传递，且不同层交叉注意力计算使用相同参考点、编码器输出特征语义模糊，严重影响模型性能.本文针对DETR的上述缺陷，以Conditional DETR为基线模型，将交叉注意力机制解耦为权重和值向量两部分，提出层间自适应注意力权重更新（Inter-layer Adaptive Attention Weight Refinement，IAAWR）方法，动态调节解码器不同层的交叉注意力权重，削弱学习偏差层间传递；提出值向量自适应增强（Adaptive Feature Enhancement，AFE）方法，采用分治思想改善编码器各层对目标局部区域的特征提取能力，显著增强输出特征的语义性；提出无参数迭代矫正预测框参考点（Iterative Reference Point Refinement，IRPR）方法，实现预测框参考点动态更新，增强回归预测的灵活性和精细度.融合以上三个创新点改进基线模型Conditional DETR，得到自适应的可解释目标检测变换器（Adaptive and Interpretable DETR，AI-DETR）.新模型AI-DETR仅增加了11个可学习参数，其平均精度（Average Precision，AP）指标在公开数据集MS-COCO（MicroSoft Common Objects in COntext）上比基线模型Conditional DETR提升1.8个百分点，在更具挑战性的野外环境下蝴蝶数据集Butterfly_2018和Butterfly_2023上分别提升1.3个百分点和0.8个百分点.通过定性、定量分析及结果可视化，详细阐述和论证了AI-DETR模型各创新点的具体贡献.

Abstract

Detection transformer (DETR) has been emerging as a hotspot in computer vision

multimodal learning and other fields. However

its performance is heavily affted by the learning feature bias transmission between decoder layers

and the same reference points used by the cross-attention of different decoder layers

and the semantic vagueness of the encoder output features. To address these deficiencies

this paper employs Conditional DETR as the baseline and decouples its cross-attention mechanism into weights and values

then proposes an inter-layer adaptive attention weight refinement (IAAWR)

with the aim of dynamically adjusting the cross-attention weights of different layers of the decoder

with a review to weakening the inter-layer transfer of learning bias. In addition

an adaptive feature enhancement (AFE) method is proposed utilizing divide and conquer idea

with the aim of improving the feature extraction capability of each layer of the encoder for the local region of the target

resulting in the enhancement of semantics in the output features. Furthermore

the strategy of parameter-free iterative reference point refinement (IRPR) is proposed to achieve dynamic update of the reference points of the prediction box

enhancing the flexibility and fineness of regression prediction.These three innovations have been integrated into the baseline model Conditional DETR

resulting in an adaptive and interpretable DETR model referred to adaptive and interpretable DETR (AI-DETR).This AI-DETR defeats the Conditional DETR in terms of average precision (AP) on the publicly available dataset microsoft common objects in context (MS-COCO) with 1.8 percentage points and on the very challenging real-world datasets Butterfly_2018 and Butterfly_2023 datasets with 1.3 and 0.8 percent points

respectively. The qualitative and quantitative analyses

in conjunction with visualisations of the results

elucidate and validate the individual contribution of each innovation within the AI-DETR.

关键词

Keywords

references

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