运动提示引导自适应学习无监督视频目标分割

韩志冬; 胡升龙; 宋慧慧; 张开华

doi:10.12263/DZXB.20250138

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运动提示引导自适应学习无监督视频目标分割

学术论文 | 更新时间：2025-12-10

- 运动提示引导自适应学习无监督视频目标分割
- Motion-Prompts Guided Adaptive Learning for Unsupervised Video Object Segmentatio
- 电子学报 2025年53卷第7期页码：2305-2323
- 作者机构：
  
  南京信息工程大学自动化学院，江苏南京 210044
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "韩志冬男，1999年12月出生于江苏省扬州市.主要研究方向为视频目标分割. E-mail: hanzd128@qq.com" ]
  [ "胡升龙男，2000年5月出生于江苏省宿迁市.主要研究方向为协同显著性目标检测. E-mail: hslnuist@163.com" ]
  [ "宋慧慧女，1986年6月出生于山东省聊城市.现为南京信息工程大学自动化学院教授.主要研究方向为遥感图像处理. E-mail: songhuihui@nuist.edu.cn" ]
  [ "张开华男，1983年3月出生于山东省日照市.现为南京信息工程大学自动化学院教授.主要研究方向为视觉目标跟踪与分割. E-mail: zhkhua@gmail.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金(62276141)
- DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20250138
  中图分类号： TP391.41;
- 收稿：2025-02-26，
  
  修回：2025-06-30，
  
  纸质出版：2025-07-25
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
韩志冬, 胡升龙, 宋慧慧, 等. 运动提示引导自适应学习无监督视频目标分割[J]. 电子学报, 2025, 53(07): 2305-2323.

HAN Zhi-dong, HU Sheng-long, SONG Hui-hui, et al. Motion-Prompts Guided Adaptive Learning for Unsupervised Video Object Segmentatio[J]. Acta Electronica Sinica, 2025, 53(07): 2305-2323.
韩志冬, 胡升龙, 宋慧慧, 等. 运动提示引导自适应学习无监督视频目标分割[J]. 电子学报, 2025, 53(07): 2305-2323. DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20250138

HAN Zhi-dong, HU Sheng-long, SONG Hui-hui, et al. Motion-Prompts Guided Adaptive Learning for Unsupervised Video Object Segmentatio[J]. Acta Electronica Sinica, 2025, 53(07): 2305-2323. DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20250138

摘要

现有无监督视频目标分割（Unsupervised Video Object Segmentation，UVOS）方法多采用像素级密集匹配策略，通过对齐融合多帧之间或单帧与光流之间的信息来提升模型性能.然而，在遮挡、相机抖动、运动模糊等挑战性场景中，光流估计误差易产生大量错误匹配，导致融合后的时空表征易过拟合运动噪声.为此，本文提出一种运动提示引导的自适应学习UVOS框架.通过设计一种无监督光流提示生成算法，将光流编码的密集运动信息转换为稀疏点和框提示，借助提示学习引导分割一切模型（Segment Anything Model，SAM）通过本文设计的两个轻量级适配器来自适应学习，从而获得更为鲁棒的时空表征，增强模型的抗噪能力.为获得有效的提示，设计了一种无监督运动提示生成算法.该算法基于光流特征计算一系列统计量，筛选出显著区域，再利用运动边缘信息去除伪显著区域的干扰，并设定自适应阈值进行过滤，生成提示显著运动目标所在区域的点和框坐标.为提升SAM在下游UVOS任务中的泛化性，提出一种自适应表征学习SAM模型.通过设计两个轻量级特征适配器，从SAM的通用知识库中自适应学习与下游UVOS任务相关的知识，以准确地粗定位目标.针对SAM基于纯Transformer架构在细节处理上的不足，基于卷积神经网络（Convolutional Neural Networks，CNN）架构设计了表观聚焦细化模块.由SAM得到的定位注意力图渐进式地引导细化过程，使模型的注意力从全局粗定位聚焦到局部细化，最终得到更加精确的分割掩码.本文方法在DAVIS16（DAVIS 2016）、FBMS（Financial and Business Management System）和YTOBJ（YouTube-OBJects）三个主流数据集上进行了充分验证.结果表明：本文方法在区域相似度指标上较当前先进方法分别提升了1.8%、1.6%和2.6%，充分表明了本文方法的有效性.

Abstract

Existing unsupervised video object segmentation (UVOS) methods often employ pixel-level dense matching strategies to enchance model performance by aligning and fusing features among multiple frames or between a single frame and its corresponding optical flow. However

in challenging scenarios such as occlusion

camera shak

and motion blur

optical flow estimation errors can easily generate numerous erroneous matches

leading to overfitting of the fused spatio-temporal representations to motion noise. To address this issue

we propose a motion-prompts guided adaptive learning UVOS framework. By designing an unsupervised motion-prompts generation algorithm

the dense motion information encoded by optical flow is transformed into sparse point and box prompts. With the help of prompt learning

the segment anything model (SAM) is guided to adaptively learn through two lightweight adapters designed in this paper

thereby obtaining more robust spatio-temporal representations and enhancing the model’s noise resistance capability. To obtain effective prompts

we design an unsupervised motion-prompt generation algorithm. This algorithm calculates a series of statistical measures from the optical flow features to identify salient regions

then utilizes motion edge information and an adaptive threshold to eliminate pseudo-salient regions

ultimately generating the point and box coordinates that highlight the locations of motion-salient objects. To enhance the generalization ability of SAM in downstream UVOS tasks

an adaptive representations learning SAM model is proposed. By incorporating two light-weight feature adapters

the model adaptively extracts knowledge relevant to the downstream UVOS task from SAM’s general knowledge base

enabling accurate coarse localization of objects. To overcome the lack of attention to details in pure Transformer-based SAM

a convolutional neural networks (CNN)-based feature focusing refinement module guided by the location map is designed. The localization attention map generated by SAM progressively guides the refinement process

shifting the model’s focus from global coarse localization to local refinement

and ultimately producing more accurate segmentation masks. Our method has been thoroughly validated on three mainstream datasets: DAVIS 2016 (DAVIS16)

financial and business management system (FBMS)

and YouTube-Objects (YTOBJ). Compared with current state-of-the-art methods

our approach achieves improvements of 1.8%

1.6%

and 2.6% in the region similarity metric

respectively

thereby fully demonstrating the effectiveness of our proposed method.

关键词

Keywords

references

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