基于毫米波通信信号的高速磁浮轨道沉降实时监测方法

薛敏燕; 李廷军; 杨海宁; 田毅

doi:10.12263/DZXB.20250857

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基于毫米波通信信号的高速磁浮轨道沉降实时监测方法

学术论文 | 更新时间：2026-06-16

- 基于毫米波通信信号的高速磁浮轨道沉降实时监测方法
- Real-Time Track Settlement Monitoring Method for High-Speed Maglev Based on Millimeter-Wave Communication Signals
- 电子学报 2026年54卷第3期页码：1310-1318
- 作者机构：
  
  1.电子科技大学电子科学与工程学院，四川成都 611731
  2.中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司高速磁浮运载技术全国重点实验室，山东青岛 266100
- 作者简介：
  
  薛敏燕女，2001年11月出生于新疆伊宁市。现为电子科技大学博士研究生。主要研究方向为电路与系统及信号处理。E-mail: 202422021020@std.uestc.edu.cn
  李廷军男，1975年12月出生于重庆市。现为电子科技大学电子科学与工程学院副教授。主持科技部国家重点研发计划项目。主要研究方向为高速磁浮毫米波车地通信技术。中国电子学会会员编号：E190198949M。Email: tjli@uestc.edu.cn
  杨海宁男，1987年12月出生于山东省潍坊市。现为电子科技大学电子科学与工程学院研究员、博士生导师。获四川省电子学会电子科学技术奖特等奖，主持科技部国家重点研发计划、国家自然科学基金面上等项目。主要研究方向为相控阵与信号处理。中国电子学会会员编号： E190183183M。Email: hnyang@uestc.edu.cn
  田毅男，1983年5月出生于山西省晋中市。博士，现为中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司、高速磁浮运载技术全国重点实验室正高级工程师。主要研究方向为高速磁浮运控通信集成技术。Email: tianyi@cqsf.com
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划(2023YFB4302501);泰山产业领军人才工程资助(tscx202408140)
- DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20250857
  中图分类号： TN911.7;U216.3
- 收稿：2025-09-28，
  
  录用：2026-01-27，
  
  纸质出版：2026-03-25
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
薛敏燕, 李廷军, 杨海宁, 等. 基于毫米波通信信号的高速磁浮轨道沉降实时监测方法[J]. 电子学报, 2026, 54(03): 1310-1318.

XUE Minyan, LI Tingjun, YANG Haining, et al. Real-Time Track Settlement Monitoring Method for High-Speed Maglev Based on Millimeter-Wave Communication Signals[J]. Acta Electronica Sinica, 2026, 54(03): 1310-1318.
薛敏燕, 李廷军, 杨海宁, 等. 基于毫米波通信信号的高速磁浮轨道沉降实时监测方法[J]. 电子学报, 2026, 54(03): 1310-1318. DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20250857

XUE Minyan, LI Tingjun, YANG Haining, et al. Real-Time Track Settlement Monitoring Method for High-Speed Maglev Based on Millimeter-Wave Communication Signals[J]. Acta Electronica Sinica, 2026, 54(03): 1310-1318. DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20250857

摘要

针对传统轨道沉降监测方法存在实时性差、成本高等问题，本文提出一种基于毫米波通信信号互相关分析的轨道沉降监测方法。该方法利用毫米波车地通信系统在完成高速数据传输的同时实现轨道状态感知，扩展了通信信号辅助环境感知的能力。相比依赖人工巡检或专用测量设备的传统方案，该方法具有部署灵活、成本低和实时性强等优势。高速磁浮列车在运行过程中接收的通信信号由直达波与反射波干涉形成，其电平对轨道沉降变化极其敏感。当轨道发生沉降时，反射路径长度及其相位关系随之变化，导致接收功率干涉特征发生偏移，为沉降量反演提供了物理基础。通过路径损耗补偿还原真实接收功率，有效消除列车运行距离变化带来的功率衰减影响，引入零相位滤波去噪以避免信号畸变，提高信号处理过程中相位信息的可靠性，并采用自适应窗函数提取主频信号以提升干涉偏移估计的稳定性。利用互相关函数精确提取干涉信号的相对偏移量，建立干涉偏移与沉降量之间的线性映射关系，实现沉降量的高精度估计。实验结果表明，该方法在1~10 cm沉降范围内监测误差不超过±0.5 cm，线性拟合决定系数（

https://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=110558748&type=

https://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=110558773&type=

2.96333337

2.53999996

）均高于0.94，表现出良好的线性一致性与重复性，为高速磁悬浮系统提供了一种低成本、高分辨的轨道动态沉降监测方案。

Abstract

To address the limitations of conventional track settlement monitoring methods

such as poor real-time performance and high cost

a track settlement monitoring method based on cross-correlation analysis of millimeter-wave communication signals is proposed. The method exploits a millimeter-wave train-to-ground communication system to achieve track condi

tion sensing while supporting high-data-rate transmission

extending the capability of communication signals for environment-assisted sensing. Compared with traditional approaches relying on manual inspection or dedicated equipment

the proposed method offers flexible deployment

low cost

and strong real-time performance. During high-speed maglev train operation

the received communication signal is formed by the interference between the line-of-sight and reflected paths

and its power level is highly sensitive to track settlement variations. Settlement-induced changes in the reflected path length and phase relationship lead to a shift in the interference pattern

providing a physical basis for settlement inversion. Path loss compensation and zero-phase filtering are applied to recover the true received power and suppress noise without signal distortion

while an adaptive windowing strategy is employed to enhance the stability of interference shift estimation. Cross-correlation analysis is then used to extract the relative interference shift

and a linear mapping between the interference shift and the track settlement is established for high-precision estimation. Experimental results show that

within a settlement range of 1~10 cm

the monitoring error is within ±0.5 cm

with coefficients of determination (

https://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=110558777&type=

https://html.publish.founderss.cn/rc-pub/api/common/picture?pictureId=110558738&type=

2.96333337

2.53999996

) exceeding 0.94. The proposed method provides a low-cost and high-resolution solution for dynamic track settlem

ent monitoring in high-speed maglev systems.

关键词

Keywords

references

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