基于单向表面磁等离子体激元的磁场调控漏波天线

姜涛; 梁华杰; 邹林

doi:10.12263/DZXB.20251004

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基于单向表面磁等离子体激元的磁场调控漏波天线

学术论文 | 更新时间：2026-06-16

- 基于单向表面磁等离子体激元的磁场调控漏波天线
- Magnetic Field-Controlled Leaky-Wave Antennas Based on One-Way Surface Magnetoplasmons
- 电子学报 2026年54卷第3期页码：1328-1336
- 作者机构：
  
  电子科技大学长三角研究院（湖州），浙江湖州 313001
- 作者简介：
  
  姜涛男，1982年生。博士，现为电子科技大学长三角研究院（湖州）太赫兹技术及无线通信研究中心副研究员。主要研究方向为射频通信系统和高性能滤波器。E-mail: jtzju@126.com
  梁华杰男，1998年生。博士，现为电子科技大学长三角研究院（湖州）太赫兹技术及无线通信研究中心助理研究员。主要研究方向为毫米波太赫兹调制芯片和器件。E-mail: huajieliang@csj.uestc.edu.cn
  邹林男，1987年生。博士，现为电子科技大学长三角研究院（湖州）太赫兹技术及无线通信研究中心副研究员。主要研究方向为柔性太赫兹材料、智能超表面和中子散射技术。E-mail: zoulin@csj.uestc.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金(62471100)
- DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20251004
  中图分类号： TN822.6;
- 收稿：2025-12-17，
  
  录用：2026-01-06，
  
  纸质出版：2026-03-25
- 稿件说明：
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姜涛, 梁华杰, 邹林. 基于单向表面磁等离子体激元的磁场调控漏波天线[J]. 电子学报, 2026, 54(03): 1328-1336.

JIANG Tao, LIANG Huajie, ZOU Lin. Magnetic Field-Controlled Leaky-Wave Antennas Based on One-Way Surface Magnetoplasmons[J]. Acta Electronica Sinica, 2026, 54(03): 1328-1336.
姜涛, 梁华杰, 邹林. 基于单向表面磁等离子体激元的磁场调控漏波天线[J]. 电子学报, 2026, 54(03): 1328-1336. DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20251004

JIANG Tao, LIANG Huajie, ZOU Lin. Magnetic Field-Controlled Leaky-Wave Antennas Based on One-Way Surface Magnetoplasmons[J]. Acta Electronica Sinica, 2026, 54(03): 1328-1336. DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20251004

摘要

漏波天线（Leaky-Wave Antennas，LWAs）由于其波束扫描能力在通信和雷达领域具有广泛的应用。但传统漏波天线普遍存在缺陷，其一，波束扫描多依赖频率调控，难以适配固定频段的应用场景，其二，为实现扫描功能常需引入周期性结构，易引发开阻带现象。本文基于单向表面磁等离子体激元（Surface MagnetoPlasmons，SMPs）的独特物理特性，提出并系统研究一类新型漏波天线。通过理论推导与数值模拟相结合的方法，全面揭示了由旋磁材料层与介质层构成的导波结构中所有可行模式的色散特性、辐射性能及动态调控机制。研究表明所提出的导波结构具有本征单向传输特性的单向SMPs模式，该SMPs传输模式具有免疫背向散射的非互易传输特性，且可以通过调节偏置磁场强度来控制SMPs模式的控制频率，是实现高性能漏波天线的理想载体，为高性能波束扫描器件的设计提供了理论支撑与技术方案。在数值模拟中，采用有限宽度梯度调控的旋磁铁氧体构建SMPs波导，在SMPs波导结构开放表面获得均匀的场分布，该设计可获得理想的远场辐射方向图，并且辐射效率可调控至任意期望值，在本研究案例中的优化结构辐射效率可达95%以上。此外，通过调节外部磁偏置，可实现单向SMPs模式动态调控和色散曲线偏移，直接实现对漏波天线扫描角度的磁场控制，在固定频率下，实现±60°以上的波束扫描范围。与传统漏波天线相比，这种基于SMPs的设计具有显著优势，可在固定频率下实现波束扫描而无需依赖频率调控，且避免了传统设计中由于引入周期性结构导致的开阻带。这些特性使基于SMPs的漏波天线成为辐射与波束扫描应用的潜在解决方案，有效突破了传统波束扫描天线的性能瓶颈，兼具固定频率扫描、宽频稳定、高效辐射及灵活调控等核心优势，在微波、太赫兹等频段的高精度波束控制、高效辐射系统中具有广阔应用前景。

Abstract

Leaky-wave antennas (LWAs) have been widely applied in communication and radar systems due to their inherent beam-scanning capability. However

conventional leaky-wave antennas suffer from two critical drawbacks: first

their beam scanning mostly relies on frequency tuning

which makes them incompatible with applications requiring fixed frequency bands; second

periodic structures are often introduced to achieve the scanning function

which tends to induce the phenomenon of open stopbands. In this paper

we propose and systematically investigate a novel class of LWAs

based on the unique physics of one-way surfacemagnetoplasmons (SMPs). We conduct a comprehensive theoretical analysis and numerical simulations to unravel the dispersion characteristics of all viable modes in the proposedstructure that comprises gyromagnetic and dielectric layers. This analysis reveals that one-way SMPs modes

endowed with intrinsic unidirectionaltransmission immune to backscattering

serve as ideal candidates for enabling high-performance LWAs. In numerical simulations

we implement SMPs waveguides using gyromagnetic ferrite with both finite and gradient-controlled widths. This design yields ideal far-field radiation patterns

characterized by uniform field distributions along the SMPs’ open surface. The radiation efficiency can be tailored to any desired value

reaching upwards of 95% in our optimized configuration.Further

the one-way SMPs mode is dynamically tunable via external magnetic bias: adjusting this bias shifts the SMPs dispersion curve

directly enablingmagnetic control over the LWAs’ scanning angle. Compared to conventional LWAs

this SMPs-based design offers evident advantages

such as it achievesbeam steering at a fixed frequency and eliminates the need for frequency-dependent tuning

and avoids open stop bands induced by periodic structures intraditional designs

a beam scanning range of more than ±60° is achieved in simulations. These attributes make SMPs-based LWAs as a promising solution for advanced radiation and beam-steering applications

with excellent advantages such as fixed-frequency scanning

broadband stability

high-efficiency radiation

and flexible regulation. It boasts broad application prospects in high-precision beam control and high-efficiency radiation systems.

关键词

Keywords

references

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