基于透镜成像原理的微波阵列快速成像技术

doi:10.12263/DZXB.20210495

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

微波成像技术在雷达、制导、引信、安防、医疗等领域有极大的应用需求，本文研究了基于透镜成像原理的微波阵列快速成像技术，通过分析透镜成像系统的成像特性以及成像算法，提出了一种适用于阵列成像的快速算法，该方法仅需要执行一次IFFT(Inverse Fast Fourier Transform)运算即可获得目标的像. 所提出的新方法降低了算法复杂度，具有较快的运算速度. 最后进行了成像验证，采用微波暗室测试散射源近场数据，通过快速成像算法计算目标的像，实验结果证明新算法具有较好的成像效果.

关键词: 虚拟透镜, 微波成像, 雷达, 目标识别, 智能天线, 相控阵雷达, 合成孔径雷达, 毫米波成像

Abstract:

In order to solve the microwave imaging problem which has great demand in the fields of radar, guidance, security and medical treatment, the microwave array fast imaging technology based on lens imaging principle is analyzed. Based on the analyzing of imaging characteristics and algorithm, a fast algorithm suitable for array imaging is proposed. In this method, only one-time IFFT(Inverse Fast Fourier Transform) operation is needed to obtain the image of the target. The proposed new method greatly reduces the complexity of the algorithm and has a faster computing speed. Finally, imaging verification is carried out. The microwave anechoic chamber is used to measure the near field data of the scattering source, and the image of the target is calculated. The experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the new fast imaging algorithm.

Key words: virtual lens, microwave imaging, radar, target identification, smart antenna, phased-array radar, synthetic aperture radar, millimeter-wave imaging

中图分类号:

TN015

张继龙, 李业振, 刘勇, 等. 基于透镜成像原理的微波阵列快速成像技术[J]. 电子学报, 2022, 50(5): 1107-1116.

Ji-long ZHANG, Ye-zhen LI, Yong LIU, et al. A Novel Fast Imaging Technology of Microwave Array Based on Lens Imaging Principle[J]. Acta Electronica Sinica, 2022, 50(5): 1107-1116.

图/表 14

图1 成像原理示意图

图2 离散阵列归一化像场分布

图3 不同方法成像效果对比

图4 模型及算法成像效果对比

图5 算法运行时间对比

图6 像场扫描角坐标仿真结果

图7 目标近场测试场景

图8 馈源、目标、近场探头相对关系

图9 目标散射场幅度、相位分布

图10 不同成像方法结果对比

图11 不同幅度加权的一维成像仿真结果

图12 不同幅度加权的成像结果

图13 自动对焦成像结果

图14 改变视角中心方向的成像结果

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