信号传播速度未知下基于运动单站到达频率的定位新方法

doi:10.12263/DZXB.20210852

电子学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (5): 1181-1191.DOI: 10.12263/DZXB.20210852

信号传播速度未知下基于运动单站到达频率的定位新方法

王鼎¹^,³, 尹洁昕¹^,³, 郑娜娥², 聂福全⁴

^1.中国人民解放军战略支援部队信息工程大学信息系统工程学院, 河南郑州 450001
^2.中国人民解放军战略支援部队信息工程大学数据与目标工程学院, 河南郑州 450001
^3.国家数字交换系统工程技术研究中心, 河南郑州 450002
^4.卫华集团有限公司, 河南长垣 453400

收稿日期:2021-07-05 修回日期:2021-11-04 出版日期:2022-05-25 发布日期:2022-06-18
通讯作者: 尹洁昕
作者简介:王鼎男, 1982年10月出生于安徽省芜湖市.现为中国人民解放军战略支援部队信息工程大学信息系统工程学院副教授, 博士生导师.主要研究方向为无线信号定位、阵列信号处理.E-mail: wang_ding814@aliyun.com
尹洁昕女, 1989年8月出生于河南省郑州市.现为中国人民解放军战略支援部队信息工程大学信息系统工程学院讲师,硕士生导师.主要研究方向为无线信号定位、阵列信号处理.E-mail: Cindyin0807@163.com
郑娜娥女, 1984年7月出生于福建省漳州市.现为中国人民解放军战略支援部队信息工程大学数据与目标工程学院讲师.主要研究方向为无线信号定位、雷达信号处理.E-mail: 13837122426@163.com
聂福全男, 1972年2月出生于河南省洛阳市.现为卫华集团有限公司教授级高级工程师,博士生导师, 国家万人计划领军人才.主要研究方向为工程机械设计、目标定位.E-mail: lyywlnyx@sina.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(62171469)

A FOA-Based Localization Method for Moving Single Station Under Unknown Signal Propagation Speed

WANG Ding¹^,³, YIN Jie-xin¹^,³, ZHENG Na-e², NIE Fu-quan⁴

^1.Institute of Information System Engineering，PLA Strategic Support Force Information Engineering University，Zhengzhou，Henan 450001，China
^2.Institute of Data and Target Engineering，PLA Strategic Support Force;Information Engineering University，Zhengzhou，Henan 450001，China
^3.National Digital Switching System Engineering and Technology Research Center，Zhengzhou，Henan 450002，China
^4.Weihua Group Co. ，Ltd，Changyuan，Henan 453400，China

Received:2021-07-05 Revised:2021-11-04 Online:2022-05-25 Published:2022-06-18
Contact: YIN Jie-xin

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于运动单站到达频率的目标定位是一类重要定位技术，现有到达频率定位方法均认为信号传播速度精确已知，但在一些场景中传播速度可能无法准确获得，这会产生较大影响. 针对该问题，本文提出信号传播速度未知下基于运动单站到达频率的目标定位新方法，其包含两个阶段. 阶段1利用运动单站与目标间的几何关系构建第1组伪线性观测方程，并基于此提出目标位置和信号传播速度解耦合优化算法；阶段2从最初到达频率观测模型出发构建第2组伪线性观测方程，并将阶段1估计结果融入该观测方程，以获得全部参数闭式解. 新方法仅需对信号传播速度进行迭代，无需目标位置初始值，可降低局部收敛的风险. 最后，文中通过理论性能分析证明新方法的渐近统计最优性，并利用仿真实验验证新方法的优越性.

关键词: 目标定位, 到达频率, 运动单站, 信号传播速度, 解耦合优化, 理论性能分析

Abstract:

Target localization based on the frequency of arrival(FOA) observations for moving single station is an important location technology. All the existing FOA-based localization methods assume that the signal propagation speed is accurately known. However, in some positioning scenarios, the exact signal propagation speed may not be available, which will lead to negative influence. Aiming at this problem, this paper proposes a FOA-based localization method for moving single station with unknown signal propagation speed. The proposed method consists of two stages. Specifically, stage one constructs the first set of pseudo-linear equations based on the geometric relationship between the moving single station and the target, and then the target location and the signal propagation speed can be estimated in a decoupled manner. In stage two, the second set of pseudo-linear equations is formed from the original FOA measurement model, and the estimation results of stage one are incorporated into the second set of equations to obtain the closed-form solution to all the unknowns. The proposed method only performs iteration with respect to the signal propagation speed, and it does not need to choose the initial value of the source position. Hence, the risk of suffering from local convergence can be greatly reduced. Finally, the asymptotic efficiency of the proposed estimator is proved by theoretical performance analysis, and the superiority of the presented method is verified by some simulation experiments.

Key words: target localization, frequency of arrival, moving single station, signal propagation speed, decoupled optimization, theoretical performance analysis

中图分类号:

TN911

王鼎, 尹洁昕, 郑娜娥, 聂福全. 信号传播速度未知下基于运动单站到达频率的定位新方法[J]. 电子学报, 2022, 50(5): 1181-1191.

WANG Ding, YIN Jie-xin, ZHENG Na-e, NIE Fu-quan. A FOA-Based Localization Method for Moving Single Station Under Unknown Signal Propagation Speed[J]. Acta Electronica Sinica, 2022, 50(5): 1181-1191.

图/表 9

图1 新方法的总体技术路线图

图2 定位几何关系示意图

表1 第1条和第2条航迹中的12个短时隙位置坐标

第1条航迹

短时隙序号n

第2条航迹

短时隙序号n

表2 第3条和第4条航迹中的12个短时隙位置坐标

第3条航迹

短时隙序号n

第4条航迹

短时隙序号n

表3 每条航迹的速度

航迹序号m	1	2	3	4
x轴速度/（m/s）	6	-5	-4	-2
y轴速度/（m/s）	8	7	6	-8
z轴速度/（m/s）	3	4	-5	-1

图3 新方法的定位均方根误差及其CRB随着FOA观测误差标准差σf 的变化箱线图（目标位置坐标服从均匀分布）

图4 新方法的定位均方根误差及其CRB随着FOA观测误差标准差σf 的变化箱线图（信号传播速度服从均匀分布）

图5 目标定位和信号传播速度估计均方根误差随着FOA观测误差标准差σf 的变化曲线

图6 目标定位和信号传播速度估计均方根误差随着信号传播速度c的变化曲线

参考文献 20

1	GOGINENI S, NEHORAI A. Target estimation using sparse modeling for distributed MIMO radar[J]. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 2011, 59(11): 5315‑ 5325.
2	LI S, DAKU B L F. Optimal amplitude weighting for near-field passive source localization[J]. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 2011, 59(12): 6175‑6185.
3	LIU C, ZAKHAROV Y V, CHEN T. Broadband underwater localization of multiple sources using basis pursuit de-noising[J]. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 2012, 60(4): 1708‑1717.
4	CHAN Y T, TOWERS J J. Passive localization from Doppler-shifted frequency measurements[J]. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 1992, 40(10): 2594‑2598.
5	陆安南, 孔宪正. 单星测频无源定位法[J]. 通信学报, 2004, 25(9): 160‑168.
	LU A N, KONG X Z. Passive localization from frequency measurements by single satellite[J]. Journal on Communications, 2004, 25(9): 160‑168. (in Chinese)
6	AMAR A, WEISS A J. Localization of narrowband radio emitters based on doppler frequency shifts[J]. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 2008, 56(11): 5500‑5508.
7	王鼎, 张刚. 一种基于窄带信号多普勒频率测量的运动目标直接定位方法[J]. 电子学报, 2017, 45(3): 591‑598.
	WANG D, ZHANG G. A direct localization method for moving narrowband source based on Doppler frequency shifts[J]. Acta Electronica Sinica, 2017, 45(3): 591‑598. (in Chinese)
8	WANG D, YIN J X, YU H Y. DPD algorithm for moving source based on Doppler frequency shifts: case of known waveforms[J]. Chinese Journal of Electronics, 2019, 28(5): 978‑986.
9	AHMED M M, HO K C, WANG G. Localization of a moving source by frequency measurements[J]. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 2020, 68(8): 4839‑4854.
10	SUN Y M, WAN Q. Position determination for moving transmitter using single station[J]. IEEE Access, 2018, 6(10): 61103‑61116.
11	HAO K, XUE Q X, LI C, et al. A hybrid localization algorithm based on Doppler shift and AOA for an underwater mobile node[J]. IEEE Access, 2020, 8(10): 181662‑ 181673.
12	NGUYEN N H, DOĞANÇAY K. Closed-form algebraic solutions for three-dimensional Doppler-only source localization[J]. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 2018, 17(10): 6822‑6836.
13	LUI K W K, MA W K, SO H C, et al. Semi-definite programming algorithms for sensor network node localization with uncertainties in anchor positions and/or propagation speed[J]. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 2009, 57(2): 752‑763.
14	DIAMANT R, LAMPE L. Underwater localization with time-synchronization and propagation speed uncertainties[J]. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 2013, 12(7): 1257‑1269.
15	ZHENG J, LUI K W K, SO H C. Accurate three-step algorithm for joint source position and propagation speed estimation[J]. Signal Processing, 2007, 87(12): 3096‑3100.
16	ZOU Y B, LIU H P. TDOA localization with unknown signal propagation speed and sensor position errors[J]. IEEE Communications Letters, 2020, 24(5): 1024‑1027.
17	QI H N, WU X P, JIA L Q. Semidefinite programming for unified TDOA-based localization under unknown propagation speed[J]. IEEE Communications Letters, 2020, 24(9): 1971‑1975.
18	ZHANG B B, HU Y C, WANG H Y, et al. Underwater source localization using TDOA and FDOA measurements with unknown propagation speed and sensor parameter errors[J]. IEEE Access, 2018, 6(7): 36645‑36661.
19	TAN H P, DIAMANT R, SEAH W K G, et al. A survey of techniques and challenges in underwater localization[J]. Ocean Engineering, 2011, 38(10): 1663‑1676.
20	VIBERG M, OTTERSTEN B. Sensor array processing based on subspace fitting[J]. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 1991, 39(5): 1110‑1121.

[1]	马剑飞, 丁凯, 颜冰, 林春生. 基于AUV晃动平台的水下磁性目标定位[J]. 电子学报, 2021, 49(6): 1088-1093.
[2]	严俊坤, 陈林, 刘宏伟, 马时飞, 王鹏辉, 保铮. 基于机会约束的MIMO雷达多波束稳健功率分配算法[J]. 电子学报, 2019, 47(6): 1230-1235.
[3]	王鼎, 张瑞杰, 张涛. 一种阵列互耦影响下的目标直接定位算法及其理论性能分析[J]. 电子学报, 2017, 45(5): 1130-1138.
[4]	王鼎, 吴志东, 尹洁昕. 信号波形已知条件下多目标直接定位性能分析及其改进算法[J]. 电子学报, 2017, 45(12): 2881-2889.
[5]	郝本建, 朱建峰, 李赞, 肖嵩, 关磊, 万鹏武. 基于TDOAs与FDOAs的多信号源及感知节点联合定位算法[J]. 电子学报, 2015, 43(10): 1888-1897.
[6]	李猛, 王智, 李元实, 鲍明. 角度传感器网络多目标定位的数据关联算法[J]. 电子学报, 2014, 42(10): 1887-1893.
[7]	范崇祎, 黄晓涛, 安道祥. 基于运动目标聚焦像的单通道SAR运动目标定位方法[J]. 电子学报, 2013, 41(3): 463-469.
[8]	刘晓莉;廖桂生. 双基地MIMO雷达多目标定位及幅相误差估计[J]. 电子学报, 2011, 39(3): 596-601.
[9]	孙文峰;陈安;邓海涛;俞根苗. 一种新的机载SAR图像几何校正和定位算法[J]. 电子学报, 2007, 35(3): 553-556.
[10]	陈莹;韩崇昭. 基于雷达和图像融合的3D车辆定位与识别[J]. 电子学报, 2005, 33(6): 1105-1108.
[11]	王壮, 樊昀, 王成, 康少单, 孙兆林, 胡卫东, 郁文贤. 基于星载电子侦察与成像侦察的数据融合技术[J]. 电子学报, 2003, 31(S1): 2127-2130.

信号传播速度未知下基于运动单站到达频率的定位新方法

A FOA-Based Localization Method for Moving Single Station Under Unknown Signal Propagation Speed

RichHTML

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 9

参考文献 20

相关文章 11

编辑推荐

Metrics