关键词: 临近空间, 高超声速飞行器, 目标跟踪, 机动模型, 卡尔曼滤波, 系统动态误差

Abstract: To improve the tracking accuracy of hypersonic jumping gliding target in near space, a new type of maneuvering tracking model with second order time correlation is put forward based on the characteristic analysis of near space hypersonic vehicle target motion, the key of the model is to model target's acceleration as a zero mean random process with attenuation oscillation autocorrelation, and the state equation of tracking the near space hypersonic jumping gliding target is built; in order to further analyze the adaptability of the model, the system dynamic error steady state value of the model is deduced by combining the Kalman filtering algorithm, and the adaptability of the model is discussed from the point of the model parameters; then the relationship between the two parameters in the model is analyzed to improve the rationality of the model parameters, and the approximate reference interval of the parameters are given. The theoretical analysis shows that the model has the unity of periodicity and attenuation, which is mainly expressed as periodic in a short time, and mainly expressed as exponential decay in a long time, these feature improves the rationality of the description of the motion of near space hypersonic jumping gliding target, in addition, the model has a low system dynamic error steady state value when the theoretical value of the model parameters in tracking the near space hypersonic jumping gliding target are obtained. Simulation results show that the model has a higher tracking accuracy when compared with the existing single noise maneuvering model of the near space hypersonic target; and the rationality of the method of parameterization is explained by comparing the simulation results under different parameters.

Key words: near space, hypersonic vehicle, target tracking, maneuvering model, Kalman filtering, system dynamic error