基于GMM的GB-InSAR图像PS点选择方法

田卫明; 王龙跃; 高嵩; 邓云开

doi:10.12263/DZXB.20240803

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基于GMM的GB-InSAR图像PS点选择方法

中国电子学会科学技术奖特约专栏 | 更新时间：2025-07-24

- 基于GMM的GB-InSAR图像PS点选择方法
- PS Selecting Method of GB-InSAR Based on GMM
- 电子学报 2025年53卷第4期页码：1153-1163
- 作者机构：
  
  1.北京理工大学信息与电子学院雷达技术研究院，北京 100081
  2.北京理工大学重庆创新中心，重庆 401100
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "田卫明男，1983年10月出生于河南省焦作市，博士.现为北京理工大学信息与电子学院教授.主要研究方向为SAR系统设计、雷达实时信号处理和差分干涉雷达技术.中国电子学会会员编号：E190013526S.E-mail: tianwei6779@163.com" ]
  [ "王龙跃男，2000年4月出生于安徽省芜湖市.现为北京理工大学信息与电子学院博士研究生.主要研究方向为差分干涉测量技术.E-mail: 3120235609@bit.edu.cn" ]
  [ "高嵩男，1999年11月出生于河南省漯河市.现为北京理工大学信息与电子学院硕士研究生.主要研究方向为SAR成像与相控阵雷达差分干涉测量.E-mail: 3220230906@bit.edu.cn" ]
  [ "邓云开男，1992年7月出生于河南省周口市，博士.现为北京理工大学信息与电子学院助理教授.主要研究方向为SAR成像与差分干涉测量技术.E-mail: yunkai_bit@foxmail.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划(2021YFC3001903)
- DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20240803
  中图分类号： TN959.71;
- 收稿：2024-09-03，
  
  修回：2025-05-21，
  
  纸质出版：2025-04-25
- 稿件说明：
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田卫明, 王龙跃, 高嵩, 等. 基于GMM的GB-InSAR图像PS点选择方法[J]. 电子学报, 2025, 53(04): 1153-1163.

TIAN Wei-ming, WANG Long-yue, GAO Song, et al. PS Selecting Method of GB-InSAR Based on GMM[J]. Acta Electronica Sinica, 2025, 53(04): 1153-1163.
田卫明, 王龙跃, 高嵩, 等. 基于GMM的GB-InSAR图像PS点选择方法[J]. 电子学报, 2025, 53(04): 1153-1163. DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20240803

TIAN Wei-ming, WANG Long-yue, GAO Song, et al. PS Selecting Method of GB-InSAR Based on GMM[J]. Acta Electronica Sinica, 2025, 53(04): 1153-1163. DOI：10.12263/DZXB.20240803

摘要

永久散射体（Permanent Scatterer，PS）点选择是地基干涉合成孔径雷达（Ground-Based Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar，GB-InSAR）处理中的关键步骤.现有的PS点选择方法依赖于幅相稳定性或像元之间的高相干性筛选PS点，其中幅相稳定性对相位波动敏感，在一些情况下不能很好地表征PS点的相位误差，而基于高相干性的方法基于局部窗口，容易造成误检.针对上述问题，本文分析了GB-InSAR图像中PS点与非PS点的干涉相位在分布特征上的差异，并基于此提出了一种基于高斯混合模型（Gaussian Mixture Model，GMM）的PS点选择方法.首先在保证质量的前提下，选择足够数量的PS点作为先验参考信息，然后使用GMM拟合参考PS点干涉相位的概率分布，最后依靠全图像元的干涉相位序列与GMM的匹配程度区分PS点与非PS点.实测数据表明，与基于幅相稳定性的传统方法相比，在获得的PS点数量接近的情况下，本文方法获取的PS点的相关性更强，干涉相位序列聚合程度更高，且残差点数量更少.

Abstract

Permanent scatterer (PS) selection is a crucial step in the processing of ground-based interferometric synthetic aperture radar (GB-InSAR).Existing methods rely on amplitude stability

phase stability or high coherence between pixels to select PS. Amplitude stability and phase stability are sensitive to phase fluctuations and may not well represent phase errors in some cases. The methods based on high coherence can easily lead to false detections due to their reliance on local windows. To address these issues

this paper analyzes the differences in the distribution characteristics of interferometric phases between PS and non-PS in GB-InSAR. A new PS selection method based on Gaussian mixture model (GMM) is proposed. The method firstly selects enough PS as prior reference PS. Then

GMM is used to fit the probability distribution of the interferometric phases of the reference PS. Finally

the PS and non-PS are distinguished based on the matching degree between the interferometric phase series of all image pixels and the GMM. The results of measured data show that

comparing to the traditional methods based on amplitude and phase stability

when the number of obtained PS is close

the proposed method yields stronger coherence and higher degree of aggregating of phase series among the obtained PS. The PS obtained by GMM are with less residues than other methods. This demonstrates the method's ability to accurately select PS.

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references

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